C++之tinyXML使用

 tinyXML一款很优秀的操作C++类库，文件不大，但方法很丰富，和apache的Dom4j可以披靡啊！习惯了使用java类库的我看到这么丰富的c++类库，很高兴！它使用很简单，只需要拷贝几个文件到你的工程中，没有STL也可以编译运行。
   
    下面我从这几个方面谈谈对tinyXML类库的使用以及理解。

    首先在sourceforge上下载tinyXML类库，地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/tinyxml/

    然后解压缩tinyXML后，将这六个文件添加到你的c++工程中，分别是tinystr.h、tinystr.cpp、tinyxml.h、tinyxml.cpp、tinyxmlerror.cpp、tinyxmlparser.cpp。在需要操作xml文件的地方，使用如下代码，就可以引入tinyXML类库。

#include

#include

或者

#include "tinyxml.h"

#include "tinyxml.h"

    下面我用个简单的例子说明如何使用tinyXML操作xml文件。在讲例子之前我先说说tinyXML中主要类和xml文档之间的对应关系。下面是tinyXML中主要class的类图，反应各个类之间的静态关系。

引用来自tinyXML文档

    TiXmlBase是所有类的基类，TiXmlNode、TiXmlAttribute两个类都继承来自TiXmlBase类，其中TiXmlNode类指的是所有被<...>...<.../>包括的内容，而xml中的节点又具体分为以下几方面内容，分别是声明、注释、节点以及节点间的文本，因此在TiXmlNode的基础上又衍生出这几个类TiXmlComment、TiXmlDeclaration、TiXmlDocument、TiXmlElement、TiXmlText、TiXmlUnknown，分别用来指明具体是xml中的哪一部分。TiXmlAttribute类不同于TiXmlNode，它指的是在尖括号里面的内容，像<... ***=...>，其中***就是一个属性。这块我具体用一个xml文档说明一下，内容如下：

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<phonebook>

    <item>
        <name>miaomaioname>
    <addr>Shaanxi Xi'anaddr>
    <tel>13759911917tel>
    <email>[email protected]email>
    item>
    <item>
        <name>gougouname>
    <addr>Liaoning Shenyangaddr>
    <tel>15840330481tel>
    <email>[email protected]email>
    item>

phonebook>

    
    
    	miaomaio
	Shaanxi Xi'an
	13759911917
	[email protected]
    
    
    	gougou
	Liaoning Shenyang
	15840330481
	[email protected]
    
    

 

• 像TiXmlDeclaration指的就是，
• 像TiXmlComment指的就是、 ，
• 像TiXmlDocument指的就是整个xml文档，
• 像TiXmlElement指的就是、、、等等这些节点，
• 像TiXmlText指的就是‘gougou’、‘15840330481’这些夹在与、与、与之间的文本文字，
• 像TiXmlAttribute指的就是节点中version、encoding，
• 除此之外就是TiXmlUnknown。

下面是我自己写的一段读xml文件的c++代码，以及再往xml写入一个item的源代码，其中phonebookdata.xml中的内容就是上面xml，仅供参考。

//______________________________________________________________________
// Read information from xml file.

// define xml file path, as follow , we use relative path,
// but you can use absolute path also.
const char* filepath = "phonebookdata.xml";
TiXmlDocument doc(filepath);
bool loadOkay = doc.LoadFile();
// faile to load 'phonebookdata.xml'.
if (!loadOkay) {
    printf( "Could not load test file %s. Error='%s'. Exiting./n", filepath,doc.ErrorDesc() );
    exit( 1 );
}

// get dom root of 'phonebookdata.xml', here root should be 'phonebook'.
TiXmlElement* root = doc.RootElement();

printf("_______________________________________/n/n");
printf("     contacted person information      /n/n");
// trace every items below root.
for( TiXmlNode*  item = root->FirstChild( "item" );
         item;
         item = item->NextSibling( "item" ) ) {
    printf("_______________________________________/n");

    // read name.
    TiXmlNode* child = item->FirstChild();
    const char* name = child->ToElement()->GetText();
    if (name) {
        printf("name:%s/n",name);
    } else {
        printf("name:/n");
    }

    // read address.
    child = item->IterateChildren(child);
    const char* addr = child->ToElement()->GetText();
    if (addr) {
        printf("addr:%s/n",addr);
    } else {
        printf("addr:/n");
    }


    // read telephone no.
    child = item->IterateChildren(child);
    const char* tel = child->ToElement()->GetText();
        if (tel) {
        printf("tel:%s/n",tel);
    } else {
        printf("tel:/n");
    }

    // read e-mail.
    child = item->IterateChildren(child);
    const char* email = child->ToElement()->GetText();
    if(email) {
        printf("email:%s/n",email);
    } else {
        printf("email:/n");
    }

    printf("/n");

}
//______________________________________________________________________


//______________________________________________________________________
// Add information to xml file and save it.
TiXmlElement* writeRoot = doc.RootElement();
TiXmlNode* newNode = new TiXmlElement("item");

   const TiXmlNode* name4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("name");
newNode->InsertEndChild(*name4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("pipi"));

const TiXmlNode* addr4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("addr");
newNode->InsertEndChild(*addr4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("Shaanxi Xianyang"));

const TiXmlNode* tel4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("tel");
newNode->InsertEndChild(*tel4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("02937310627"));

const TiXmlNode* email4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("email");
newNode->InsertEndChild(*email4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("[email protected]"));

writeRoot->InsertEndChild(*newNode);
doc.SaveFile();
//______________________________________________________________________

	//______________________________________________________________________
	// Read information from xml file.
	
	// define xml file path, as follow , we use relative path,
	// but you can use absolute path also.
	const char* filepath = "phonebookdata.xml";
	TiXmlDocument doc(filepath);
	bool loadOkay = doc.LoadFile();
	// faile to load 'phonebookdata.xml'.
	if (!loadOkay) {	
		printf( "Could not load test file %s. Error='%s'. Exiting./n", filepath,doc.ErrorDesc() );
		exit( 1 );
	}
	
	// get dom root of 'phonebookdata.xml', here root should be 'phonebook'.
	TiXmlElement* root = doc.RootElement();
	
	printf("_______________________________________/n/n");
	printf("     contacted person information      /n/n");
	// trace every items below root.
	for( TiXmlNode*  item = root->FirstChild( "item" );
			 item;
			 item = item->NextSibling( "item" ) ) {
		printf("_______________________________________/n");

		// read name.
		TiXmlNode* child = item->FirstChild();
		const char* name = child->ToElement()->GetText();
		if (name) {
			printf("name:%s/n",name);
		} else {
			printf("name:/n");
		}

		// read address.
		child = item->IterateChildren(child);
		const char* addr = child->ToElement()->GetText();
		if (addr) {
			printf("addr:%s/n",addr);
		} else {
			printf("addr:/n");
		}


		// read telephone no.
		child = item->IterateChildren(child);
		const char* tel = child->ToElement()->GetText();
     	if (tel) {
			printf("tel:%s/n",tel);
		} else {
			printf("tel:/n");
		}

		// read e-mail.
		child = item->IterateChildren(child);
		const char* email = child->ToElement()->GetText();
		if(email) {
			printf("email:%s/n",email);
		} else {
			printf("email:/n");
		}
		
		printf("/n");
	
	}
	//______________________________________________________________________
	

	//______________________________________________________________________
	// Add information to xml file and save it.
	TiXmlElement* writeRoot = doc.RootElement();
	TiXmlNode* newNode = new TiXmlElement("item");

    const TiXmlNode* name4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("name");
	newNode->InsertEndChild(*name4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("pipi"));
	
	const TiXmlNode* addr4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("addr");
	newNode->InsertEndChild(*addr4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("Shaanxi Xianyang"));

	const TiXmlNode* tel4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("tel");
	newNode->InsertEndChild(*tel4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("02937310627"));
	
	const TiXmlNode* email4NewNode = new TiXmlElement("email");
	newNode->InsertEndChild(*email4NewNode)->InsertEndChild(TiXmlText("[email protected]"));
	
	writeRoot->InsertEndChild(*newNode);
	doc.SaveFile();
	//______________________________________________________________________

具体使用可以参考tinyxml随带的文档。