每位设计师都应该拥有的50个CSS代码片段-1

1. CSS 重置

01 html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td, article, aside, canvas, details, embed, figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary, time, mark, audio, video {
02   margin: 0;
03   padding: 0;
04   border: 0;
05   font-size: 100%;
06   font: inherit;
07   vertical-align: baseline;
08   outline: none;
09   -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
10   -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
11   box-sizing: border-box;
12 }
13 html { height: 101%; }
14 body { font-size: 62.5%; line-height: 1; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, sans-serif; }
15
16 article, aside, details, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section { display: block; }
17 ol, ul { list-style: none; }
18
19 blockquote, q { quotes: none; }
20 blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; }
21 strong { font-weight: bold; }
22
23 table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; }
24 img { border: 0; max-width: 100%; }
25
26 p { font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.0em; color: #333; }

基本的CSS重置是网络上最常见的代码片段. 这是我自己定制的重置代码，它基于 Eric Meyer’s reset codes。里面有一些图片的设定以及为所有的核心元素定义边框, 保持适当的marings 和 padding.

2. 经典的 CSS Clearfix

1 .clearfix:after { content: "."; display: block; clear: both; visibility: hidden; line-height: 0; height: 0; }
2 .clearfix { display: inline-block; }
3
4 html[xmlns] .clearfix { display: block; }
5 * html .clearfix { height: 1%; }

这个clearfix代码被很多聪明的开发者用于网站. 它应用于一个用于保存浮动元素的盒子模型上. 这将确保里面的任何内容都以拉伸方式出现而不是浮动出现.

3. 2011 更新的 Clearfix

1 .clearfix:before, .container:after { content: ""; display: table; }
2 .clearfix:after { clear: both; }
3
4 /* IE 6/7 */
5 .clearfix { zoom: 1; }

这里就不说这个新版本和经典版本之间的主要差差异了. 它们两个都可以有效的清除你的浮动元素, 而且都支持流行的浏览器甚至是Internet Explorer 6-8.

4. 跨浏览器的透明度

1 .transparent {
2     filter: alpha(opacity=50); /* internet explorer */
3     -khtml-opacity: 0.5;      /* khtml, old safari */
4     -moz-opacity: 0.5;       /* mozilla, netscape */
5     opacity: 0.5;           /* fx, safari, opera */
6 }

Code Source

一些新的CSS3属性我们可能认为它适用于任何地方. 实际上不行,我们还得稍微调整下,透明度就是个例子. 加上这个filter属性来保证它能在IE游览器里正常运行.

5. CSS 块引用模版

01 blockquote {
02     background: #f9f9f9;
03     border-left: 10px solid #ccc;
04     margin: 1.5em 10px;
05     padding: .5em 10px;
06     quotes: "\201C""\201D""\2018""\2019";
07 }
08 blockquote:before {
09     color: #ccc;
10     content: open-quote;
11     font-size: 4em;
12     line-height: .1em;
13     margin-right: .25em;
14     vertical-align: -.4em;
15 }
16 blockquote p {
17     display: inline;
18 }

Code Source

不是所有的人都必须在他们的网站上使用blockquotes. 但是我认为这是一个很好的元素用于分离引用或是优化博客和网页上的重复内容. 上面的代码为你的blockquotes提供一个默认样式,这样你的内容就不会看起来单调乏味.

6. 个性的圆角

01 #container {
02     -webkit-border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;
03     -moz-border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;
04     -o-border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;
05     border-radius: 4px 3px 6px 10px;
06 }
07
08 /* alternative syntax broken into each line */
09 #container {
10     -webkit-border-top-left-radius: 4px;
11     -webkit-border-top-right-radius: 3px;
12     -webkit-border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;
13     -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 10px;
14
15     -moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px;
16     -moz-border-radius-topright: 3px;
17     -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 6px;
18     -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 10px;
19 }

大多数开发者都熟悉CSS3的圆角属性. 但是你知道如何为每个角设定不同的值吗? 上面的代码帮你搞定这个问题! 上面的两个版本都为你实现了这个效果,仔细研究下吧.

一般媒体查询

01 /* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
02 @media only screen
03 and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {
04   /* Styles */
05 }
06
07 /* Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
08 @media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {
09   /* Styles */
10 }
11
12 /* Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
13 @media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {
14   /* Styles */
15 }
16
17 /* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
18 @media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
19   /* Styles */
20 }
21
22 /* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
23 @media only screenand (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {
24   /* Styles */
25 }
26
27 /* iPads (portrait) ----------- */
28 @media only screenand (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {
29   /* Styles */
30 }
31
32 /* Desktops and laptops ----------- */
33 @media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) {
34   /* Styles */
35 }
36
37 /* Large screens ----------- */
38 @media only screen and (min-width : 1824px) {
39   /* Styles */
40 }
41
42 /* iPhone 4 ----------- */
43 @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5), only screenand (min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5) {
44   /* Styles */
45 }

Code Source

这是一个很棒的模版，你能在CSS-Tricks找到其它零碎的媒体查询。不管怎样我已经把他们的例子全拷下来了，那里面包括了成吨的实际的移动设备。这些代码甚至能针对视网膜屏设备，使用最小设备像素比例。

8. 现代字体栈

01 /* Times New Roman-based serif */
02 font-family: Cambria, "Hoefler Text", Utopia, "Liberation Serif", "Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular", Times, "Times New Roman", serif;
03
04 /* A modern Georgia-based serif */
05 font-family: Constantia, "Lucida Bright", Lucidabright, "Lucida Serif", Lucida, "DejaVu Serif,""Bitstream Vera Serif", "Liberation Serif", Georgia, serif;
06
07 /*A more traditional Garamond-based serif */
08 font-family: "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Palladio, "URW Palladio L", "Book Antiqua", Baskerville, "Bookman Old Style", "Bitstream Charter", "Nimbus Roman No9 L", Garamond, "Apple Garamond", "ITC Garamond Narrow", "New Century Schoolbook", "Century Schoolbook", "Century Schoolbook L", Georgia, serif;
09
10 /*The Helvetica/Arial-based sans serif */
11 font-family: Frutiger, "Frutiger Linotype", Univers, Calibri, "Gill Sans", "Gill Sans MT", "Myriad Pro", Myriad, "DejaVu Sans Condensed", "Liberation Sans", "Nimbus Sans L", Tahoma, Geneva, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
12
13 /*The Verdana-based sans serif */
14 font-family: Corbel, "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Bitstream Vera Sans", "Liberation Sans", Verdana, "Verdana Ref", sans-serif;
15
16 /*The Trebuchet-based sans serif */
17 font-family: "Segoe UI", Candara, "Bitstream Vera Sans", "DejaVu Sans", "Bitstream Vera Sans", "Trebuchet MS", Verdana, "Verdana Ref", sans-serif;
18
19 /*The heavier "Impact" sans serif */
20 font-family: Impact, Haettenschweiler, "Franklin Gothic Bold", Charcoal, "Helvetica Inserat", "Bitstream Vera Sans Bold", "Arial Black", sans-serif;
21
22 /*The monospace */
23 font-family: Consolas, "Andale Mono WT", "Andale Mono", "Lucida Console", "Lucida Sans Typewriter", "DejaVu Sans Mono", "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Liberation Mono", "Nimbus Mono L", Monaco, "Courier New", Courier, monospace;

Code Source

你很难为设计一个新的页面头脑风暴式的想出自己的CSS字体栈。我希望这一小片代码能减轻一些折磨，并给你一些可以着手开始的模版。如果你想找更多的例子，查看一下CSS 字体栈 ，这是我最喜欢的资源之一。

9. 自定义文本选择

1 ::selection { background: #e2eae2; }
2 ::-moz-selection { background: #e2eae2; }
3 ::-webkit-selection { background: #e2eae2; }

一些新式的浏览器会允许你定义页面中的高亮颜色。默认这是设为淡蓝色的，但你可以设置任何投你所好的颜色值，这小片代码包括了典型的::selection目标以及专为Webkit和Mozilla的特定前缀。

10.隐藏H1文本为Logo标志

1 h1 {
2     text-indent: -9999px;
3     margin: 0 auto;
4     width: 320px;
5     height: 85px;
6     background: transparent url("images/logo.png") no-repeat scroll;
7 }

我第一次注意到这个技术实现是在古老的Digg 布局 。为了SEO的目的，你也可以设置一个包含有你的站点名称的H1标签。但使用CSS我们能移走这个文本使它不可见，并用一个客制化的logo图片替换它。

11. polaroid图像边界

01 img.polaroid {
02     background:#000; /*Change this to a background image or remove*/
03     border:solid #fff;