从一个比特币的原生交易数据分析交易脚本的验证过程

Alice与Bob’s Cafe的交易
txid：0627052b6f28912f2703066a912ea577f2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8a57286c345c2f2
在BitconCore的命令行执行如下命令：

bitcoin-cli getrawtransaction 0627052b6f28912f2703066a912ea577f2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8a57286c345c2f2

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

再执行：

bitcoin-cli decoderawtransaction 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

得到交易信息：

yzp@ubuntu:~$ bitcoin-cli decoderawtransaction 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
{
  "txid": "0627052b6f28912f2703066a912ea577f2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8a57286c345c2f2",
  "hash": "0627052b6f28912f2703066a912ea577f2ce4da4caa5a5fbd8a57286c345c2f2",
  "version": 1,
  "size": 258,
  "vsize": 258,
  "weight": 1032,
  "locktime": 0,
  "vin": [
    {
      "txid": "7957a35fe64f80d234d76d83a2a8f1a0d8149a41d81de548f0a65a8a999f6f18",
      "vout": 0,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "3045022100884d142d86652a3f47ba4746ec719bbfbd040a570b1deccbb6498c75c4ae24cb02204b9f039ff08df09cbe9f6addac960298cad530a863ea8f53982c09db8f6e3813[ALL] 0484ecc0d46f1918b30928fa0e4ed99f16a0fb4fde0735e7ade8416ab9fe423cc5412336376789d172787ec3457eee41c04f4938de5cc17b4a10fa336a8d752adf",
        "hex": "483045022100884d142d86652a3f47ba4746ec719bbfbd040a570b1deccbb6498c75c4ae24cb02204b9f039ff08df09cbe9f6addac960298cad530a863ea8f53982c09db8f6e381301410484ecc0d46f1918b30928fa0e4ed99f16a0fb4fde0735e7ade8416ab9fe423cc5412336376789d172787ec3457eee41c04f4938de5cc17b4a10fa336a8d752adf"
      },
      "sequence": 4294967295
    }
  ],
  "vout": [
    {
      "value": 0.01500000,
      "n": 0,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 ab68025513c3dbd2f7b92a94e0581f5d50f654e7 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "hex": "76a914ab68025513c3dbd2f7b92a94e0581f5d50f654e788ac",
        "reqSigs": 1,
        "type": "pubkeyhash",
        "addresses": [
          "1GdK9UzpHBzqzX2A9JFP3Di4weBwqgmoQA"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "value": 0.08450000,
      "n": 1,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 7f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a8 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "hex": "76a9147f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a888ac",
        "reqSigs": 1,
        "type": "pubkeyhash",
        "addresses": [
          "1Cdid9KFAaatwczBwBttQcwXYCpvK8h7FK"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

对于输入中引用的前一个交易，txid：7957a35fe64f80d234d76d83a2a8f1a0d8149a41d81de548f0a65a8a999f6f18，
用同样的getrawtransaction和decoderawtransaction得到解码后的该交易，获取其UTXO：

"vout": [
   {
     "value": 0.10000000,
     "scriptPubKey": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 7f9b1a7fb68d60c536c2fd8aeaa53a8f3cc025a8 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG"
   }
 ]

查看Script，得知OP_HASH160 就是 The input is hashed twice: first with SHA-256 and then with RIPEMD-160，即先进行SHA-256哈希，再进行RIPEMD-160哈希。

参考：
实例展示比特币交易的脚本验证过程
比特币系统的脚本（Script)——交易生成和验证的原理（第一部分）（初稿）
Script
第10课 交易安全性如何保证？ – scriptSig/scriptPubKey/Script Engine
技术流：比特币交易构成
http://www.atool.org/hash.php