kafka安装及基本操作

1.jdk安装

yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk* -y

这种安装一个好处，不用定义环境变量，另外这种安装默认路径是：java linux 默认安装路径/usr/lib/jvm

2.zookeeper 安装

文件地址：http://www.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/stable/zookeeper-3.4.14.tar.gz

解压到制定目录：tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.14.tar.gz

环境变量设置：

export ZOOKEEPER_INSTALL=/opt/zookeeper

export PATH=$ZOOKEE
1. 启动ZK服务:       sh bin/zkServer.sh start
2. 查看ZK服务状态:   sh bin/zkServer.sh status
3. 停止ZK服务:       sh bin/zkServer.sh stop
4. 重启ZK服务:       sh bin/zkServer.sh restart
5. ZK服务连接:       sh bin/zkCli.sh -server 127.0.0.1:2181
 

3.kafka安装

安装文件：wget http://apache.01link.hk/kafka/2.1.1/kafka_2.11-2.1.1.tgz

解压到制定目录：tar -zxvf  kafka_2.11-2.1.1.tgz

server.properies文件设置:

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# see kafka.server.KafkaConfig for additional details and defaults

############################# Server Basics #############################

# The id of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
# 节点的ID，必须与其它节点不同
broker.id=0

# Switch to enable topic deletion or not, default value is false
# 选择启用删除主题功能，默认false
#delete.topic.enable=true

############################# Socket Server Settings #############################

# The address the socket server listens on. It will get the value returned from 
# java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName() if not configured.
# 套接字服务器坚挺的地址。如果没有配置，就使用java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName()的返回值
#   FORMAT:
#     listeners = listener_name://host_name:port
#   EXAMPLE:
#     listeners = PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
#listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092

# Hostname and port the broker will advertise to producers and consumers. If not set, 
# it uses the value for "listeners" if configured.  Otherwise, it will use the value
# returned from java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName().
# 节点的主机名会通知给生产者和消费者。如果没有设置，如果配置了"listeners"就使用"listeners"的值。
# 否则就使用java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName()的返回值
#advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092

# Maps listener names to security protocols, the default is for them to be the same. See the config documentation for more details
# 将侦听器的名称映射到安全协议，默认情况下它们是相同的。有关详细信息，请参阅配置文档
#listener.security.protocol.map=PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL

# The number of threads that the server uses for receiving requests from the network and sending responses to the network
# 服务器用来接受请求或者发送响应的线程数
num.network.threads=3

# The number of threads that the server uses for processing requests, which may include disk I/O
# 服务器用来处理请求的线程数，可能包括磁盘IO
num.io.threads=8

# The send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) used by the socket server
# 套接字服务器使用的发送缓冲区大小
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400

# The receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) used by the socket server
# 套接字服务器使用的接收缓冲区大小
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400

# The maximum size of a request that the socket server will accept (protection against OOM)
# 单个请求最大能接收的数据量
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600


############################# Log Basics #############################

# A comma seperated list of directories under which to store log files
# 一个逗号分隔的目录列表，用来存储日志文件
log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs

# The default number of log partitions per topic. More partitions allow greater
# parallelism for consumption, but this will also result in more files across
# the brokers.
# 每个主题的日志分区的默认数量。更多的分区允许更大的并行操作，但是它会导致节点产生更多的文件
num.partitions=1

# The number of threads per data directory to be used for log recovery at startup and flushing at shutdown.
# This value is recommended to be increased for installations with data dirs located in RAID array.
# 每个数据目录中的线程数，用于在启动时日志恢复，并在关闭时刷新。
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1

############################# Internal Topic Settings  #############################
# 内部主题设置
# The replication factor for the group metadata internal topics "__consumer_offsets" and "__transaction_state"
# For anything other than development testing, a value greater than 1 is recommended for to ensure availability such as 3.
# 对于除了开发测试之外的其他任何东西，group元数据内部主题的复制因子“__consumer_offsets”和“__transaction_state”，建议值大于1，以确保可用性(如3)。
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1

############################# Log Flush Policy #############################

# Messages are immediately written to the filesystem but by default we only fsync() to sync
# the OS cache lazily. The following configurations control the flush of data to disk.
# 消息直接被写入文件系统，但是默认情况下我们仅仅调用fsync()以延迟的同步系统缓存
# There are a few important trade-offs here:
# 这些有一些重要的权衡
#    1. Durability: Unflushed data may be lost if you are not using replication.
#    2. Latency: Very large flush intervals may lead to latency spikes when the flush does occur as there will be a lot of data to flush.
#    3. Throughput: The flush is generally the most expensive operation, and a small flush interval may lead to exceessive seeks.
#    1. 持久性:如果不使用复制，未刷新的数据可能会丢失。
#    2. 延迟:非常大的刷新间隔可能会在刷新时导致延迟，因为将会有大量数据刷新。
#    3. 吞吐量:刷新通常是最昂贵的操作，而一个小的刷新间隔可能会导致过多的搜索。
# The settings below allow one to configure the flush policy to flush data after a period of time or
# every N messages (or both). This can be done globally and overridden on a per-topic basis.
# 下面的设置允许你去配置刷新策略，每隔一段时间刷新或者一次N个消息（或者两个都配置）。这可以在全局范围内完成，并在每个主题的基础上重写。

# The number of messages to accept before forcing a flush of data to disk
# 在强制刷新数据到磁盘之前允许接收消息的数量
#log.flush.interval.messages=10000

# The maximum amount of time a message can sit in a log before we force a flush
# 在强制刷新之前，消息可以在日志中停留的最长时间
#log.flush.interval.ms=1000

############################# Log Retention Policy #############################

# The following configurations control the disposal of log segments. The policy can
# be set to delete segments after a period of time, or after a given size has accumulated.
# 以下的配置控制了日志段的处理。策略可以配置为每隔一段时间删除片段或者到达一定大小之后。
# A segment will be deleted whenever *either* of these criteria are met. Deletion always happens
# from the end of the log.
# 当满足这些条件时，将会删除一个片段。删除总是发生在日志的末尾。

# The minimum age of a log file to be eligible for deletion
# 一个日志的最小存活时间，可以被删除
log.retention.hours=168

# A size-based retention policy for logs. Segments are pruned from the log as long as the remaining
# segments don't drop below log.retention.bytes.
# 一个基于大小的日志保留策略。段将被从日志中删除只要剩下的部分段不低于log.retention.bytes。
#log.retention.bytes=1073741824

# The maximum size of a log segment file. When this size is reached a new log segment will be created.
# 每一个日志段大小的最大值。当到达这个大小时，会生成一个新的片段。
log.segment.bytes=1073741824

# The interval at which log segments are checked to see if they can be deleted according
# to the retention policies
# 检查日志段的时间间隔，看是否可以根据保留策略删除它们
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000

############################# Zookeeper #############################

# Zookeeper connection string (see zookeeper docs for details).
# Zookeeper连接字符串（具体见Zookeeper文档）
# This is a comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
# 这是一个以逗号为分割的部分，每一个都匹配一个Zookeeper
# server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002".
# You can also append an optional chroot string to the urls to specify the
# root directory for all kafka znodes.
# 您还可以将一个可选的chroot字符串附加到url，以指定所有kafka znode的根目录。
zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181

# Timeout in ms for connecting to zookeeper
# 连接到Zookeeper的超时时间
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000


############################# Group Coordinator Settings #############################

# The following configuration specifies the time, in milliseconds, that the GroupCoordinator will delay the initial consumer rebalance.
# The rebalance will be further delayed by the value of group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms as new members join the group, up to a maximum of max.poll.interval.ms.
# The default value for this is 3 seconds.
# We override this to 0 here as it makes for a better out-of-the-box experience for development and testing.
# However, in production environments the default value of 3 seconds is more suitable as this will help to avoid unnecessary, and potentially expensive, rebalances during application startup.
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

4. 启动服务

启动zk: sh bin/zkServer.sh start

启动kafka: bin/kafka-server-start.sh config/server.properties

5.kafka操作

创建topic:bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test

查看topic:bin/kafka-topics.sh -list -zookeeper localhost:2181

通过produce发送消息： bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic test

通过consume接收消息：bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server localhost:9092 --topic test --from-beginning

可以开启两个终端，一个发送消息，一个接受消息。