初入TV开发时,在自己的项目中遇到了很多难题,今天这篇博客主要阐述TV下的网络监控和判断问题。
实现思路
我们不用每次都去获得网络状态,google 早就帮我们封装好了网络检测,在网络状态变化的情况下会发出广播,所以我们要做的只需要监听网络状态变化的广播。根据一个返回值来设定网络的图片。
使用静态广播还是动态注册广播的方式好呢?
如果你不太清楚的话,基础不扎实。我们的应用之所以要监听网络状态的 变化,主要是为了在错误的情况下方便进行处理,退出我们当前的应用之后当然不需要监听了,所以选择动态注册广播。
动态注册:随着所在的Activity或者应用销毁以后,不会收到该广播。
静态注册:退出应用后,仍然能够收到相应的广播。
举例如下:
动态注册代码:
UpdateBroadcast broadcast= new UpdateBroadcast();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter("com.hasagei.updata");
registerReceiver(broadcast, filter);
静态注册代码(在AndroidMainest配置文件中添加,下面是应用安装广播):
<receiver android:name="net.youmi.android.AdReceiver" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED" />
<data android:scheme="package" />
intent-filter>
receiver>
在本次的封装中我使用了动态注册,即需要时注册。
广播的Action主要有四种类型:
WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION
这个监听wifi的打开与关闭,与wifi的连接无关
WifiManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION
这个监听wifi的连接状态即是否连上了一个有效无线路由,当上边广播的状态是WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLING,和WIFI_STATE_DISABLED的时候,根本不会接到这个广播。
在上边广播接到广播是WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED状态的同时也会接到这个广播,当然刚打开wifi肯定还没有连接到有效的无线
ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION
这个监听网络连接的设置,包括wifi和有线网络的连接与关闭。
EthernetManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION
有线网络的变化,其中包含了网络连通的检测和pppoe检测
ConnectivityManager和NetworkInfo
ConnectivityManager主要用来干什么
● Monitor network connections (Wi-Fi, GPRS, UMTS, etc.) (用来处理网络连接 ,包括Wi-Fi, GPRS, UMTS等)
● Send broadcast intents when network connectivity changes(用 网络状态发生变化的时候发出 广播 )
● Attempt to “fail over” to another network when connectivity to a network is lost(但断开网络连接的时候,尝试去;连接另外一个网络
● Provide an API that allows applications to query the coarse-grained or fine-grained state of the available networks(
● Provide an API that allows applications to request and select networks for their data traffic
怎样获取ConnectivityManager对象呢?
ConnectivityManager connManager = (ConnectivityManager) this.getSystemService(CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
获取 NetworkInfo对象
主要有以下几种方法:
● getNetworkInfo(int networkType),但是这个方法已经过时,官网的解释如下: This method was deprecated in API level 23. This method does not support multiple connected networks of the same type. Use getAllNetworks() and getNetworkInfo(android.net.Network) instead.
● getNetworkInfo(Network network)
● getActiveNetwork() ,Returns a Network object corresponding to the currently active default data network.
● getActiveNetworkInfo(),Returns details about the currently active default data network.
● getAllNetworkInfo()这个方法已经过时,Use getAllNetworks() and getNetworkInfo(android.net.Network) instead.
综上所述,我们如果要知道当前无线网络或有线是否连接,有以上方法。
网络的检测分为两个部分,一个是专门检测并返回网络值NetUtils,另一个是注册与销毁广播的和处理NetCheckUtil
下面上我们的代码:NetUtils类
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.net.URL;
/*
* isConnect判断网络是否连接
* isCheck判断网络是否检测
* isPppoeConnect判断pppoe网络是否检测
* mThread新线程来检测pppoe网络,耗时操作不能放在主线程
* netconfigDetail用于返回的网络图标值
* valueEthernet 判断有线网络是否可用的返回值
* valueWifi 判断无线网络是否可用的返回值
* 根据valueEthernet和valueWifi来检测pppoe
* */
public class NetUtils {
public static boolean isConnect = false,
isCheck = false,
isPppoeConnect = false;
private static Thread mThread = null;
int netconfigDetail, valueEthernet, valueWifi;
public static boolean isNetworkAvailable() {
return isConnect;
}
public int getNetwork(Context mContext) {
isCheck = true;
isConnect = false;
WifiManager mWifiManager;
ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
NetworkInfo ethernetNetInfo;
mWifiManager = (WifiManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);//获得WifiManager对象
mConnectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);//获得ConnectivityManager对象
ethernetNetInfo = mConnectivityManager
.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_ETHERNET);//获得NetworkInfo对象
if (ethernetNetInfo.isConnected()) {
netconfigDetail = 4;//如果有线网连接,值为4
valueEthernet = 1;
} else {
if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_ENABLED) {
if (mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo().getIpAddress() == 0) {
valueWifi = -1;//如果无线网可用,值为-1
netconfigDetail = 6;//如果无线网不可用,值为6
} else {
netconfigDetail = WifiManager.calculateSignalLevel(mWifiManager
.getConnectionInfo().getRssi(), 4);
//如果无线网可用,值为0-3
}
} else if (mWifiManager.getWifiState() == WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_DISABLED) {
netconfigDetail = 5;//如果无线网不可用,值为5
valueEthernet = -1;//如果无线网不可用,值为-1
}
}
if (valueWifi < 0 && valueEthernet < 0) {
checkPppoe();//满足判断的条件则判断是否可用,判断网络连通(包含了pppoe的检测)
} else {
isConnect = true;
isCheck = false;
isPppoeConnect = false;
}
Log.e("getNetwork(Context", "valueWifi " + netconfigDetail);
return netconfigDetail;
}
public static void checkPppoe() {
if (mThread != null && !mThread.isInterrupted()) {
mThread.interrupt();//检测前将thread置为null
mThread = null;
}
if (mThread == null || mThread.isInterrupted()) {
mThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
isCheck = true;
isConnect = false;
isConnect = isConnected();
isCheck = false;
isPppoeConnect = isConnect;
}
});
mThread.start();
}
}
private static boolean isConnected() {
//发送一个请求用来检测是否已连接网络,并判断通畅
//在这里你也可以ping某个IP,来判断是否已连接
try {
URL url = new URL("http://oavdalesp.bkt.clouddn.com/online");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "close");
conn.setConnectTimeout(4000);
conn.setReadTimeout(4000);
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
conn.connect();
try {
if (conn.getInputStream() != null)
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
conn.getInputStream()), 512);
} catch (IOException e) {
if (conn.getErrorStream() != null)
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
conn.getErrorStream()), 512);
}
if (reader != null)
reader.close();
if (conn != null)
conn.disconnect();
return true;
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
}
检测工具,下面介绍我们的NetCheckUtils。
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.ethernet.EthernetManager;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import static com.ming.tvnetcheck.utils.ConFigs.NET;
/**
* Created by ChangMingShan on 2016/11/3.
*
* 设想返回值是一个int值,根据值设置图片
* 将广的注册,处理与销毁完全从activity剥离。
* 在构造函数时,将context和mainactivity的Handler传入,用来刷新主页面的UI
* 调用这个类,构造方法传参,与activity解耦
*/
public class NetCheckUtils {
private Context mContext;
private ConnectivityManager mConnectivityManager;
private WifiManager mWifiManager;
private BroadcastReceiver mReceiver;
private Handler mHandler;
public Boolean isReceiver = false;
public Boolean isConnect = false;
private int netCondition;
public NetCheckUtils(Context context, Handler handler) {
mContext = context;
mHandler = handler;
}
public void getNetwork() {//获得网络的具体返回值
mWifiManager = (WifiManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
mConnectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
//广播的action有四种,包含了有线网络变化,无线网络变化和网络连接变化
IntentFilter mFilter = new IntentFilter();
mFilter.addAction(EthernetManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION);
mFilter.addAction(WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION);
mFilter.addAction(WifiManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION);
mFilter.addAction(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
handleEvent(mContext, intent);
}
};
if (!isReceiver) {//注册广播
mContext.registerReceiver(mReceiver, mFilter);
isReceiver = true;
}
}
//注销广播
public void unregisterReceiver() {
mContext.unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
}
private void handleEvent(Context context, Intent intent) {
//处理广播不同action事件
String action = intent.getAction();
if (WifiManager.WIFI_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)
|| WifiManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)
|| ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION.equals(action)
|| EthernetManager.NETWORK_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(action)) {
netCondition = new NetUtils().getNetwork(mContext);
Log.e("changmingshan", "i是NetCheckUtils " + netCondition);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = netCondition;
msg.what = NET;
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);//发送消息,通知主页面更新UI
}
}
}
下面来看我们的 MainActivity
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import com.ming.tvnetcheck.utils.NetCheckUtils;
import static com.ming.tvnetcheck.utils.ConFigs.NET;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//网络监听图片数组
public static int[] mNetLogo = new int[]{R.drawable.wifi0, R.drawable.wifi1,
R.drawable.wifi2, R.drawable.wifi3, R.drawable.connect,
R.drawable.etnerror, R.drawable.wifinotnormal};
ImageView mImageView;
NetCheckUtils mNetCheckUtils;
private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
switch (msg.what) {
case NET:
int obj = (int) msg.obj;
mImageView.setImageResource(mNetLogo[obj]);
break;
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.netImage);
checkNet();
}
private void checkNet() {//开启新线程,防止阻塞UI主线程
Thread mThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
mNetCheckUtils = new NetCheckUtils(MainActivity.this, mHandler);//网络
mNetCheckUtils.getNetwork();
}
});
mThread.start();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
mNetCheckUtils.unregisterReceiver();
}
}
记得要在AndroidManifest.xml加上权限!
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"/>
这样就完成了我们的TV版网络检测的封装,如果有不理解的,可以留言。代码全部在上面,就不发github了,如果有更好的意见,我们可以交流一下。
一月十号添加github:https://github.com/Shanlovana/TVNetCheck
如果觉得对你有用,欢迎大家来屎大!