springboot读取配置文件

一、配置文件配置

直接配置

在src/main/resources下添加配置文件application.properties 
例如修改端口号

#端口号
server.port=8089
分环境配置

在src/main/resources下添加,application-pro.properties,application-dev.properties和application.properties三个文件 
application.properties

spring.profiles.active=dev

application-pro.properties

#端口号
server.port=80
#自定义端口号读取
my.name=pzr.dev

application-dev.properties

#端口号
server.port=8089
#自定义端口号读取
my.name=pzr.pro

当application.propertie设置spring.profiles.active=dev时,则说明是指定使用application-dev.properties文件进行配置

二、配置文件参数读取

2.1、注解方式读取

1、@PropertySource配置文件路径设置,在类上添加注解,如果在默认路径下可以不添加该注解。

需要用@PropertySource的有:

  • 例如非application.properties,classpath:config/my.properties指的是src/main/resources目录下config目录下的my.properties文件,
  • 例如有多配置文件引用,若取两个配置文件中有相同属性名的值,则取值为最后一个配置文件中的值
  • 在application.properties中的文件,直接使用@Value读取即可,applicarion的读取优先级最高
@PropertySource({"classpath:config/my.properties","classpath:config/config.properties"})
public class TestController

2、@Value属性名,在属性名上添加该注解

@Value("${my.name}")
private String myName;

 

示例1:使用@Value读取application.properties里的配置内容

配置文件application.properties

spring.application.name=springbootdemo
server.port=8080
mail.username=application-duan
mail.password=application-duan123456

启动类

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package com.dxz.property5;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

@SpringBootApplication
public class TestProperty5 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //SpringApplication.run(TestProperty1.class, args);
        new SpringApplicationBuilder(TestProperty5.class).web(true).run(args);

    }
}

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测试类:

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package com.dxz.property5;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/task")
//@PropertySource("classpath:mail.properties")
public class TaskController {

    @Value("${mail.username}")
    private String userName;
    
    @Value("${mail.password}")
    private String password;

    @RequestMapping(value = { "/", "" })
    public String hellTask() {
        System.out.println("userName:" + userName);
        System.out.println("password:" + password);
        return "hello task !!";
    }

}

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结果:

userName:application-duan
password:application-duan123456

示例2:使用@Value+@PropertySource读取其它配置文件(多个)内容

读取mail.properties配置

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package com.dxz.property5;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/task")
@PropertySource("classpath:mail.properties")
public class TaskController {
    @Value("${mail.smtp.auth}")
    private String userName;
    
    @Value("${mail.from}")
    private String password;

    @RequestMapping(value = { "/", "" })
    public String hellTask() {
        System.out.println("userName:" + userName);
        System.out.println("password:" + password);
        return "hello task !!";
    }

}

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结果:

userName:false
password:me@localhost

 

2.2、对象映射方式读取

  1. 首先建立对象与配置文件映射关系
  2. 方法中使用自动注入方式,将对象注入,调用get方法获取属性值
  3. 注意:新版本的@ConfigurationProperties没有了location属性,使用@PropertySource来指定配置文件位置
  4. prefix=”obj”指的是配置文件中的前缀,如obj.name,在定义对象属性名时为private String name;
  5. 读取配置文件中的集合时,使用List来接收数据,但List必须先实例化

测试类

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package com.dxz.property6;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/task")
@PropertySource({ "classpath:mail.properties", "classpath:db.properties" })
public class TaskController {
    
    // 在application.properties中的文件,直接使用@Value读取即可,applicarion的读取优先级最高
    @Value("${mail.username}")
    private String myName;
    
    // 如果多个文件有重复的名称的属性话,最后一个文件中的属性生效
    @Value("${mail.port}")
    private String port;

    @Value("${db.username}")
    private String dbUserName;

    @Autowired
    ObjectProperties objectProperties;

    @RequestMapping("/test")
    @ResponseBody
    String test() {
        String result = "myName:" + myName + "\n port:" + port + "\n   dbUserName:" + dbUserName + "\n   objectProperties:"
                + objectProperties;
        System.out.println("result:=" + result);
        return result;
    }


}

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启动类

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package com.dxz.property6;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

@SpringBootApplication
public class TestProperty6 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //SpringApplication.run(TestProperty1.class, args);
        new SpringApplicationBuilder(TestProperty6.class).web(true).run(args);

    }
}

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ObjectProperties.java

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package com.dxz.property6;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 配置文件映射对象
 * @author DELL
 */
@Component
@PropertySource("classpath:config/object.properties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "obj")
public class ObjectProperties {

    private String name;
    private String age;
    // 集合必须初始化,如果找不到就是空集合,会报错
    private List className = new ArrayList();

    public List getClassName() {
        return className;
    }

    public void setClassName(List className) {
        this.className = className;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ObjectProperties [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", className=" + className + "]";
    }
    
    
}

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object.properties

#自定义属性读取
obj.name=obj.name
obj.age=obj.age
obj.className[0]=obj.className[0]
obj.className[1]=obj.className[1]

db.properties

db.username=admin
db.password=xxxxx
mail.port=xxxx

结果:http://localhost:8080/task/test/

result:=myName:application-duan
 port:2555
   dbUserName:admin
   objectProperties:ObjectProperties [name=obj.name, age=obj.age, className=[obj.className[0], obj.className[1]]]

 

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