C#运算符重载实现动太SQL生成
C#提供运算符重载功能,但这功能使用的场合并不多,相信很多C#开发人员虽然了解到有这一功能,但相信用到的比较少.为什么要自己重载运算符来生成SQL而不去用Linq?其目的也是非常简单的使用简单和灵活。先来看一下有多少运算符可以重载:+, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, <<, >>==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
看上去还是挺多的,应该能满SQL对应的需要,首先整理出一个对应关系
c# SQL
== =
!= <>
> >
>= >=
< <
<= <=
& and
| or
总得来说基础的已经差不多了,但决少like,in等,这些可以使用函数或一技巧上的转换实现.
既然实现运算符重载,那当然就要重建一个对象做他基础实现,其作用就是类似于SQL中的字段.
public class FieldInfo
{
public FieldInfo(string table, string name)
{
DBContext.Init();
mTable = table;
mName = name;
}
private string mTable;
public string Table
{
get
{
return mTable;
}
}
private string mName;
public string Name
{
get
{
return mName;
}
}
}
表达一个字段的类型以上描述就足够了,有所在的表名和字段名.在实现运算符重载前还是把基础功能用函数实现,运算符重载方法简单调用就OK了.
public Expression Eq(object value)
{
string p = Expression.GetParamName();
Expression exp = new Expression();
exp.SqlText.Append(string.Format(" {0}=@{1} ",Name,p));
exp.Parameters.Add(new Command.Parameter{ Name=p,
Value=Mappings.PropertyCastAttribute.CastValue(Table,Name, value)});
return exp;
}
public Expression LtEq(object value)
{
string p = Expression.GetParamName();
Expression exp = new Expression();
exp.SqlText.Append(string.Format(" {0}<=@{1} ", Name, p));
exp.Parameters.Add(new Command.Parameter { Name = p,
Value = Mappings.PropertyCastAttribute.CastValue(Table, Name, value)
});
return exp;
}
public Expression Lt(object value)
{
string p = Expression.GetParamName();
Expression exp = new Expression();
exp.SqlText.Append(string.Format(" {0}<@{1} ", Name, p));
exp.Parameters.Add(new Command.Parameter { Name = p,
Value = Mappings.PropertyCastAttribute.CastValue(Table, Name, value)
});
return exp;
}
大体上描述几个方法实现就行了,对于其他实现原理一样.下面开始运算重载部分
public static Expression operator ==(FieldInfo field, object value)
{
if (value == null)
return field.IsNull();
if (value is System.Collections.IEnumerable && value.GetType() !=typeof(string))
return field.In((System.Collections.IEnumerable)value);
return field.Eq(value);
}
public static Expression operator !=(FieldInfo field, object value)
{
if (value == null)
return field.IsNotNull();
if (value is System.Collections.IEnumerable && value.GetType() != typeof(string))
return field.NotIn((System.Collections.IEnumerable)value);
return field.NotEq(value);
}
public static Expression operator >(FieldInfo field, object value)
{
return field.Gt(value);
}
public static Expression operator >=(FieldInfo field, object value)
{
return field.GtEq(value);
}
public static Expression operator <(FieldInfo field, object value)
{
return field.Lt(value);
}
public static Expression operator <=(FieldInfo field, object value)
{
return field.LtEq(value);
}
到这里工作算是完成了,不过好象少了点什么东西似的...似乎没有实现&和|;因为这两个运算不是比较运算符所以不是FieldInfo对象实现的.以上代码中每个比较运算都返回了一个Expression对象,那&和|自然就由它来实现了
public static Expression operator &(Expression exp1, Expression exp2)
{
if (exp1 == null || exp1.SqlText.Length == 0)
return exp2;
if (exp2 == null || exp2.SqlText.Length == 0)
return exp1;
Expression exp = new Expression();
exp.SqlText.Append("(");
exp.SqlText.Append(exp1.ToString());
exp.SqlText.Append(")");
exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp1.Parameters);
exp.SqlText.Append(" and (");
exp.SqlText.Append(exp2.SqlText.ToString());
exp.SqlText.Append(")");
exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp2.Parameters);
return exp;
}
public static Expression operator |(Expression exp1, Expression exp2)
{
if (exp1 == null || exp1.SqlText.Length == 0)
return exp2;
if (exp2 == null || exp2.SqlText.Length == 0)
return exp1;
Expression exp = new Expression();
exp.SqlText.Append("(");
exp.SqlText.Append(exp1.ToString());
exp.SqlText.Append(")");
exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp1.Parameters);
exp.SqlText.Append(" or (");
exp.SqlText.Append(exp2.SqlText.ToString());
exp.SqlText.Append(")");
exp.Parameters.AddRange(exp2.Parameters);
return exp;
}
对于以上完整代码可以从https://smarkdata.svn.codeplex.com/svn/Smark/Smark.Data/Smark.Data/Expression.cs获取
实现代码的都完成的,那看一下分别在不同查询的情况下是什么效果:
sql:
select * from customer where region='UK'
c#
(Customer.Region=='UK').List
sql:
select * from Orders where OrderDate>'1998-7-8' and OrderDate <' 1998-8-8'
c#
(Order.OrderDate >"1998-7-8" & Order.OrderDate<"1998-8-8").List
sql:
select * from Orders where CustomerID in('2','5','6')
c#
(Orders.CustomerID ==new []{"2","5","6"}).List
sql:
select * from Orders where CustomerID in(select customerid from customer where region='UK')
c#
(Orders.CustomerID==Customer.CustomerID[Customer.Region=="UK"]).List
从以上代码可以看出由于自己重载所以自由度很高,对于==这个运算符可以代替很多SQL的比较操作如:=,in,in(select)等,当然还可以发挥编写者了想象力.
由于是自定义编写实现,那条件动态组合当然要比Linq所灵活很多:
Expression exp;
if(a)
exp &=order.id=="a";
if(b)
exp &= order.customerid==customer.customerid[customer.region=="b"]