来自:https://blog.csdn.net/doujinlong1/article/details/80680149
如果从一个Controller调用Service的非事务方法a,然后在a里调用事务方法b,b事务生效吗?
public void update() { updateActual(); int a = 1 / 0; } @Transactional public void updateActual() { WithHoldInfoVO vo = new WithHoldInfoVO(); vo.setId(18); vo.setStatus(5); withholdMapper.updateWithHoldInfo(vo); WithHoldInfoVO vo1 = new WithHoldInfoVO(); vo1.setId(27); vo1.setStatus(5); withholdMapper.updateWithHoldInfo(vo1); } |
形如这样,如果从Controller层直接调用update方法,updateActual方法的事务可以生效吗?如果不能,那么如何才能使事务生效?
代理,简单来说,就是代替处理,代替原有操作者去处理一件事。在Java中一般是2种,静态代理和动态代理,动态代理又分为CGLIB和jdk自带。
public class StaticProxy { public static void main(String[] args) { Singer singer = new Agent(new Star()); singer.sing(); } } /** * 代理实现,代理了歌星,唱歌的时候 会先在歌手唱歌之前收钱,然后再唱歌 */ class Agent implements Singer { Star s; public Agent(Star s) { super(); this.s = s; } @Override public void sing() { System.out.println("在歌手唱歌之前收钱...."); s.sing(); } } /** * 真实实现,一个歌星 */ class Star implements Singer { @Override public void sing() { System.out.println("Star Singing~~~"); } } /** * 最顶层接口 歌手 */ interface Singer { void sing(); } |
@SuppressWarnings("restriction") public class JavaProxyTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { JavaProxyInterface javaProxyInterface = new ConcreteClass(); JavaProxyInterface newJavaProxyInterface = (JavaProxyInterface) Proxy.newProxyInstance( JavaProxyTest.class.getClassLoader(), new Class[] { JavaProxyInterface.class }, new MyInvocationHandler(javaProxyInterface)); //这里可以看到这个类以及被代理,在执行方法前会执行aopMethod()。这里需要注意的是oneDay()方法和oneDayFinal()的区别。oneDayFinal的方法aopMethod执行1次,oneDay的aopMethod执行1次 newJavaProxyInterface.gotoSchool(); newJavaProxyInterface.gotoWork(); newJavaProxyInterface.oneDayFinal(); newJavaProxyInterface.oneDay(); } } /** * InvocationHandler 的一个实现,实际上处理代理的逻辑在这里 */ class MyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler { JavaProxyInterface javaProxy; public MyInvocationHandler(JavaProxyInterface javaProxy) { this.javaProxy = javaProxy; } private void aopMethod() { System.out.println("before method"); } //继承方法,代理时实际执行的犯法,如果要实现原方法,则需要调用method.invoke(javaProxy, args),这里还调用了一个aopMethod(),可以类比于Spring中的切面before注解。 @Override public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { aopMethod(); return method.invoke(javaProxy, args); } } /** * 需要一个最顶层接口,必须 */ interface JavaProxyInterface { void gotoSchool(); void gotoWork(); void oneDay(); void oneDayFinal(); } /** * 需要被代理的类,实现了顶层接口,非必须 */ class ConcreteClass implements JavaProxyInterface { @Override public void gotoSchool() { System.out.println("gotoSchool"); } @Override public void gotoWork() { System.out.println("gotoWork"); } @Override public void oneDay() { gotoSchool(); gotoWork(); } @Override public final void oneDayFinal() { gotoSchool(); gotoWork(); } } |
public class CglibProxyTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { CglibTestSon CglibTestSon = new CglibTestSon(); Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer(); Callback s = new MthdInvoker(CglibTestSon); enhancer.setSuperclass(CglibTestSon.class); Callback callbacks[] = new Callback[] { s }; enhancer.setCallbacks(callbacks); CglibTestSon CglibTestSon2 = (CglibTestSon) enhancer.create(); CglibTestSon2.gotoHome(); CglibTestSon2.gotoSchool(); ////这里可以看到这个类以及被代理,在执行方法前会执行aopMethod()。这里需要注意的是oneDay()方法和onedayFinal()的区别。onedayFinal的方法aopMethod执行2次,oneDay的aopMethod执行1次 ,注意这里和jdk的代理的区别 CglibTestSon2.oneday(); CglibTestSon2.onedayFinal(); } } /** * 需要被代理的类,不需要实现顶层接口 */ class CglibTestSon { public CglibTestSon() { } public void gotoHome() { System.out.println("============gotoHome============"); } public void gotoSchool() { System.out.println("===========gotoSchool============"); } public void oneday() { gotoHome(); gotoSchool(); } public final void onedayFinal() { gotoHome(); gotoSchool(); } } /** * 可以类比于jdk动态代理中的InvocationHandler ,实际上被代理后重要的类,实际上后续执行的就是intercept里的方法,如果需要执行原来的方法,则调用 method.invoke(s, args);这里也加了一个aopMethod(); */ class MthdInvoker implements MethodInterceptor { private CglibTestSon s; public MthdInvoker(CglibTestSon s) { this.s = s; } private void aopMethod() { System.out.println("i am aopMethod"); } public Object intercept(Object obj, Method method, Object[] args, MethodProxy proxy) throws Throwable { aopMethod(); Object a = method.invoke(s, args); return a; } } cglib 需要的maven配置: |
名称 | 备注 |
---|---|
静态代理 | 简单,代理模式,是动态代理的理论基础。常见使用在代理模式 |
jdk动态代理 | 需要有顶层接口才能使用,但是在只有顶层接口的时候也可以使用,常见是mybatis的mapper文件是代理。 使用反射完成。使用了动态生成字节码技术。 |
cglib动态代理 | 可以直接代理类,使用字节码技术,不能对 final类进行继承。使用了动态生成字节码技术。 |
都知道是动态代理是使用动态生成字节码技术生成了字节码,那么生成的字节码有什么区别呢?怎么看生成的字节码呢?如何生成的字节码呢?
字节码最后是靠这一句来生成,
byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(proxyName, interfaces); // proxyName 为类名,interfaces为顶层接口Class //如果需要看,可以将字节码写入文件进行观察 File file = new File("D:/testProxy/Ddd.class"); FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); fileOutputStream.write(bs); fileOutputStream.flush(); fileOutputStream.close(); |
自己观察可以从Proxy.newProxyInstance( ClassLoader paramClassLoader, Class>[] paramArrayOfClass, InvocationHandler paramInvocationHandler)进行观察,简单来看就是先生成新的class文件,然后加载到jvm中,然后使用反射,先用class取得他的构造方法,然后使用构造方法反射得到他的一个实例。
标红的是最复杂的。然后cglib的实现原理基本一致,唯一的区别在于生成新的class文件方式和结果不一样。
直接上最终生成字节码的代码。需要注意的是这里要想执行这句话,必须在实现cglib动态代理的代码之后,否则取不到DefaultGeneratorStrategy的实例。
byte[] bs = DefaultGeneratorStrategy.INSTANCE.generate(enhancer); FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:/testProxy/Cc.class"); fileOutputStream.write(bs); fileOutputStream.flush(); fileOutputStream.close(); |
跟踪enhancer.create(); 这个代码可以看具体怎么生成字节码,怎么将字节码转化为类。过程基本雷同于jdk,主要区别在于生成字节码的区别。
这里生成代码的过程中,都使用了缓存,jdk自带的使用了weakReference引用,而cglib使用的直接是 WeakHashMap,基本也类似。
// // Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA // (powered by Fernflower decompiler) // package aaa; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import net.sf.cglib.core.ReflectUtils; import net.sf.cglib.core.Signature; import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Callback; import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Factory; import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor; import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy; public class CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d extends CglibTestSon implements Factory { private boolean CGLIB$BOUND; public static Object CGLIB$FACTORY_DATA; private static final ThreadLocal CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS; private static final Callback[] CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS; private MethodInterceptor CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; private static Object CGLIB$CALLBACK_FILTER; private static final Method CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Proxy; private static final Object[] CGLIB$emptyArgs; private static final Method CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Proxy; private static final Method CGLIB$oneday$2$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$oneday$2$Proxy; private static final Method CGLIB$equals$3$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$equals$3$Proxy; private static final Method CGLIB$toString$4$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$toString$4$Proxy; private static final Method CGLIB$hashCode$5$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$hashCode$5$Proxy; private static final Method CGLIB$clone$6$Method; private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$clone$6$Proxy; static void CGLIB$STATICHOOK2() { CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS = new ThreadLocal(); CGLIB$emptyArgs = new Object[0]; Class var0 = Class.forName("com.rrc.finance.CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d"); Class var1; Method[] var10000 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[]{"equals", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;", "hashCode", "()I", "clone", "()Ljava/lang/Object;"}, (var1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object")).getDeclaredMethods()); CGLIB$equals$3$Method = var10000[0]; CGLIB$equals$3$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "equals", "CGLIB$equals$3"); CGLIB$toString$4$Method = var10000[1]; CGLIB$toString$4$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()Ljava/lang/String;", "toString", "CGLIB$toString$4"); CGLIB$hashCode$5$Method = var10000[2]; CGLIB$hashCode$5$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()I", "hashCode", "CGLIB$hashCode$5"); CGLIB$clone$6$Method = var10000[3]; CGLIB$clone$6$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()Ljava/lang/Object;", "clone", "CGLIB$clone$6"); var10000 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[]{"gotoHome", "()V", "gotoSchool", "()V", "oneday", "()V"}, (var1 = Class.forName("com.rrc.finance.CglibTestSon")).getDeclaredMethods()); CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Method = var10000[0]; CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()V", "gotoHome", "CGLIB$gotoHome$0"); CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Method = var10000[1]; CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()V", "gotoSchool", "CGLIB$gotoSchool$1"); CGLIB$oneday$2$Method = var10000[2]; CGLIB$oneday$2$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()V", "oneday", "CGLIB$oneday$2"); } final void CGLIB$gotoHome$0() { super.gotoHome(); } public final void gotoHome() { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } if (var10000 != null) { var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Proxy); } else { super.gotoHome(); } } final void CGLIB$gotoSchool$1() { super.gotoSchool(); } public final void gotoSchool() { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } if (var10000 != null) { var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Proxy); } else { super.gotoSchool(); } } final void CGLIB$oneday$2() { super.oneday(); } public final void oneday() { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } if (var10000 != null) { var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$oneday$2$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$oneday$2$Proxy); } else { super.oneday(); } } final boolean CGLIB$equals$3(Object var1) { return super.equals(var1); } public final boolean equals(Object var1) { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } if (var10000 != null) { Object var2 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$equals$3$Method, new Object[]{var1}, CGLIB$equals$3$Proxy); return var2 == null ? false : (Boolean)var2; } else { return super.equals(var1); } } final String CGLIB$toString$4() { return super.toString(); } public final String toString() { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } return var10000 != null ? (String)var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$toString$4$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$toString$4$Proxy) : super.toString(); } final int CGLIB$hashCode$5() { return super.hashCode(); } public final int hashCode() { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } if (var10000 != null) { Object var1 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$hashCode$5$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$hashCode$5$Proxy); return var1 == null ? 0 : ((Number)var1).intValue(); } else { return super.hashCode(); } } final Object CGLIB$clone$6() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return super.clone(); } protected final Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; if (this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 == null) { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0; } return var10000 != null ? var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$clone$6$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$clone$6$Proxy) : super.clone(); } public static MethodProxy CGLIB$findMethodProxy(Signature var0) { String var10000 = var0.toString(); switch(var10000.hashCode()) { case -1311123629: if (var10000.equals("gotoHome()V")) { return CGLIB$gotoHome$0$Proxy; } break; case -508378822: if (var10000.equals("clone()Ljava/lang/Object;")) { return CGLIB$clone$6$Proxy; } break; case 800823646: if (var10000.equals("gotoSchool()V")) { return CGLIB$gotoSchool$1$Proxy; } break; case 1826985398: if (var10000.equals("equals(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")) { return CGLIB$equals$3$Proxy; } break; case 1913648695: if (var10000.equals("toString()Ljava/lang/String;")) { return CGLIB$toString$4$Proxy; } break; case 1984935277: if (var10000.equals("hashCode()I")) { return CGLIB$hashCode$5$Proxy; } break; case 2071325759: if (var10000.equals("oneday()V")) { return CGLIB$oneday$2$Proxy; } } return null; } public CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d() { CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this); } public static void CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(Callback[] var0) { CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.set(var0); } public static void CGLIB$SET_STATIC_CALLBACKS(Callback[] var0) { CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS = var0; } private static final void CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(Object var0) { CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d var1 = (CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d)var0; if (!var1.CGLIB$BOUND) { var1.CGLIB$BOUND = true; Object var10000 = CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.get(); if (var10000 == null) { var10000 = CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS; if (CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS == null) { return; } } var1.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)((Callback[])var10000)[0]; } } public Object newInstance(Callback[] var1) { CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(var1); CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d var10000 = new CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d(); CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null); return var10000; } public Object newInstance(Callback var1) { CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(new Callback[]{var1}); CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d var10000 = new CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d(); CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null); return var10000; } public Object newInstance(Class[] var1, Object[] var2, Callback[] var3) { CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(var3); CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d var10000 = new CglibTestSon$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$3119e01d; switch(var1.length) { case 0: var10000. |
// // Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA // (powered by Fernflower decompiler) // import com.rrc.finance.JavaProxyInterface; import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.Proxy; import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException; public final class Ddd extends Proxy implements JavaProxyInterface { private static Method m1; private static Method m5; private static Method m3; private static Method m2; private static Method m4; private static Method m6; private static Method m0; public Ddd(InvocationHandler var1) throws { super(var1); } public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws { try { return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1}); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) { throw var3; } catch (Throwable var4) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4); } } public final void gotoSchool() throws { try { super.h.invoke(this, m5, (Object[])null); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) { throw var2; } catch (Throwable var3) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3); } } public final void oneDay() throws { try { super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) { throw var2; } catch (Throwable var3) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3); } } public final String toString() throws { try { return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) { throw var2; } catch (Throwable var3) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3); } } public final void oneDayFinal() throws { try { super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) { throw var2; } catch (Throwable var3) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3); } } public final void gotoWork() throws { try { super.h.invoke(this, m6, (Object[])null); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) { throw var2; } catch (Throwable var3) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3); } } public final int hashCode() throws { try { return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null); } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) { throw var2; } catch (Throwable var3) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3); } } static { try { m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object")); m5 = Class.forName("com.rrc.finance.JavaProxyInterface").getMethod("gotoSchool"); m3 = Class.forName("com.rrc.finance.JavaProxyInterface").getMethod("oneDay"); m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString"); m4 = Class.forName("com.rrc.finance.JavaProxyInterface").getMethod("oneDayFinal"); m6 = Class.forName("com.rrc.finance.JavaProxyInterface").getMethod("gotoWork"); m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode"); } catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) { throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage()); } catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) { throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage()); } } } |
可以看到cglib是直接继承了原有类,实现了Factory接口,而jdk是实现了自己的顶层接口,继承了Proxy接口。这里需要注意一下,这样的话,按照类来找话,jdk就找不到他的实现了,因为他的实现类实际上是一个Proxy类,而不是他自己。
这句话通俗点的意思,可以看下一小节。
先上结论,如果一个类有顶层接口,则默认使用jdk的动态代理来代理,如果直接是一个类,则使用cglib动态代理。 其次,如果没有需要代理的方法,如所有方法都没有@Transactional注解,Aop这种,则不会被代理。
问题来了,只说结论,没有依据,怎么让人信服?
@Service public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService { @Transactional public void updateActual() { } } |
在这里,我们实现一个Service,让他实现一个顶层接口,然后我们如果在Controller里使用
@Autowired
private TestServiceImpl testServiceImpl;
注解来注入,这时候会发现,启动时报错的。
报错也很明显:
The bean 'testServiceImpl' could not be injected as a 'com.rrc.finance.service.apply.TestServiceImpl' because it is a JDK dynamic proxy that implements: com.rrc.finance.service.apply.TestService |
改成 :@Autowired
private TestService testServiceImpl;
即可正常启动。
证明动态代理生成的代码是一个 TestService 却不是一个TestServiceImpl。使用的是jdk的动态代理。
这里去掉事务注解和 去掉接口实现 自己可以再试一下。
在Spring的体系下,大多数的实现都在使用动态代理,我们可以通过他们优秀的源码来进行学习,来写一个自己的项目。
例如:Mybatis的mapper代理,分页插件的代理实现。Spring的Aop,事务注解等。