【Pytest框架】marker标记
测试函数标记
pytest提供了标记机制，允许你使用marker对测试函数（测试用例）做标记，一个测试函数（测试用例）可以有多个marker，一个marker也可以用例标记多个测试函数（测试用例）。针对冒烟测试，我们可以使用marker标记，检查系统有没有重大缺陷，因为冒烟测试通常是不会包含全套测试的。
选定了两个测试函数（测试用例）来作为冒烟测试，首先我们在 test_run_pass() 、test_run_fail() 两个测试函数（测试用例）的头部添加装饰器 @pytest.mark.smoking； @pytest.mark.get_testing（注意：smoking；get_testing 标记并非pytest 内置的，是我自己在配置文件定义的）。
import pytest
@pytest.mark.smoking
def test_run_pass():
expected = (1, 2, 3)
assert expected == (1, 2, 3)
@pytest.mark.smoking
def test_run_fail():
expected = (1, 2, 3)
assert expected == (1, 2, 4)
运行展示结果如下：
osts\ReadPytest>pytest -v -m 'smoking' test_two.py
================================================================================== test session starts ===================================================================================
collected 2 items
test_two.py::test_run_pass PASSED [ 50%]
test_two.py::test_run_fail FAILED [100%]
======================================================================================== FAILURES ========================================================================================
_____________________________________________________________________________________ test_run_fail ______________________________________________________________________________________
@pytest.mark.smoking
def test_run_fail():
expected = (1, 2, 3)
> assert expected == (1, 2, 4)
E assert (1, 2, 3) == (1, 2, 4)
E At index 2 diff: 3 != 4
E Full diff:
E - (1, 2, 4)
E ? ^
E + (1, 2, 3)
E ? ^
test_two.py:20: AssertionError
================================================================================ short test summary info =================================================================================
FAILED test_two.py::test_run_fail - assert (1, 2, 3) == (1, 2, 4)
============================================================================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.09s ===============================================================================
上面展示的是每个测试函数上标记了一个装饰器，现在我们开始添加多个装饰器
import pytest
@pytest.mark.smoking
def test_run_pass():
expected = (1, 2, 3)
assert expected == (1, 2, 3)
@pytest.mark.get_tests
@pytest.mark.get_testing
@pytest.mark.smoking
def test_run_fail():
expected = (1, 2, 3)
assert expected == (1, 2, 3)
运行后展示的效果：
注意：在这需要注意一个细节，在输入命令时，使用单引号时运行失败，使用双引号时运行成功，至少目前我本地运行是要必须这样
F:\TESTING\BlogPosts\ReadPytest>pytest -v -m "get_testing"
================================================================================== test session starts ===================================================================================
collected 8 items / 7 deselected / 1 selected
test_two.py::test_run_fail PASSED [100%]
============================================================================ 1 passed, 7 deselected in 0.06s =============================================================================
标记还可以结合逻辑表达式 ：| and | or | not |
运行后展示的效果：
\TESTING\BlogPosts\ReadPytest>pytest -v -m "get_testing and smoking"
================================================================================== test session starts ===================================================================================
collected 8 items / 7 deselected / 1 selected
test_two.py::test_run_fail PASSED [100%]
============================================================================ 1 passed, 7 deselected in 0.09s =============================================================================
F:\TESTING\BlogPosts\ReadPytest>pytest -v -m "get_testing or smoking"
================================================================================== test session starts ===================================================================================
collected 8 items / 6 deselected / 2 selected
test_two.py::test_run_pass PASSED [ 50%]
test_two.py::test_run_fail PASSED [100%]
============================================================================ 2 passed, 6 deselected in 0.06s =============================================================================
" smoking and not get_testing " 的作用是筛选出有smoking标记，但没有get_testing的标记的测试
:\TESTING\BlogPosts\ReadPytest>pytest -v -m "smoking and not get_testing"
================================================================================== test session starts ===================================================================================
collected 8 items / 7 deselected / 1 selected
test_two.py::test_run_pass PASSED [100%]
============================================================================ 1 passed, 7 deselected in 0.05s =============================================================================
带有相同标记的测试即使存放在不同的 . py文件下，也会一起被执行，运行后展示效果如下：
ESTING\BlogPosts\ReadPytest>pytest -v -m "get_testing"
================================================================================== test session starts ===================================================================================
collected 8 items / 5 deselected / 3 selected
test_one.py::test_recursion_depth PASSED [ 33%]
test_three.py::TestThree::test_01_three_pass PASSED [ 66%]
test_two.py::test_run_fail PASSED [100%]
============================================================================ 3 passed, 5 deselected in 0.12s =============================================================================
给测试添加标记的场景大部分用于我们冒烟测试，当然我们上面所举的都是简单例子，还不能算是合理且完整的冒烟测试，合理完成的冒烟测试肯定会涉及业务逻辑和数据库的改动，但是标记的应用基本就是这样的，后期在编写好的测试用例上添加即可。
以上就是pytest中marker标记，如总结有不当之处，还请多多赐教，始终相信你的努力，终会在某一天得到回报！！！
