计算机视觉学习4：SIFT和Harris算法特征匹配对比

sift环境配置

参考博客：https://blog.csdn.net/lilai619/article/details/48523647

• VLFeat下载安装的为9.20版本的
• 按照教程安装配置完成后我的sift出现了无法生成.sift文件的问题，经过百般尝试后的解决办法：将sift.exe和vl.dll文件拷到工程文件下，将cmmd地址改为cmmd = str("sift " + imagename + " --output=" + resultname + " " + params)

注：原图为集美大学尚大楼

一、Harris算法实现结果
1、Harris角点检测

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from pylab import *
from PIL import Image
from PCV.localdescriptors import harris

"""
Example of detecting Harris corner points (Figure 2-1 in the book).
"""

# 读入图像
im = array(Image.open('../data/empire.jpg').convert('L'))

# 检测harris角点
harrisim = harris.compute_harris_response(im)

# Harris响应函数
harrisim1 = 255 - harrisim

figure()
gray()

#画出Harris响应图
subplot(141)
imshow(harrisim1)
print harrisim1.shape
axis('off')
axis('equal')

threshold = [0.01, 0.05, 0.1]
for i, thres in enumerate(threshold):
    filtered_coords = harris.get_harris_points(harrisim, 6, thres)
    subplot(1, 4, i+2)
    imshow(im)
    print im.shape
    plot([p[1] for p in filtered_coords], [p[0] for p in filtered_coords], '*')
    axis('off')

#原书采用的PCV中PCV harris模块
#harris.plot_harris_points(im, filtered_coords)

# plot only 200 strongest
# harris.plot_harris_points(im, filtered_coords[:200])

show()

在上面代码中，先代开一幅图像，将其转换成灰度图像，然后计算相响应函数，通过响应值选择角点。最后，将这些检测的角点在原图上显示出来。
2、在图像间寻找对应点

 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from pylab import *
from PIL import Image

from PCV.localdescriptors import harris
from PCV.tools.imtools import imresize

"""
This is the Harris point matching example in Figure 2-2.
"""

# Figure 2-2上面的图
#im1 = array(Image.open("../data/crans_1_small.jpg").convert("L"))
#im2= array(Image.open("../data/crans_2_small.jpg").convert("L"))

# Figure 2-2下面的图
im1 = array(Image.open("../data/sf_view1.jpg").convert("L"))
im2 = array(Image.open("../data/sf_view2.jpg").convert("L"))

# resize加快匹配速度
im1 = imresize(im1, (im1.shape[1]/2, im1.shape[0]/2))
im2 = imresize(im2, (im2.shape[1]/2, im2.shape[0]/2))

wid = 5
harrisim = harris.compute_harris_response(im1, 5)
filtered_coords1 = harris.get_harris_points(harrisim, wid+1)
d1 = harris.get_descriptors(im1, filtered_coords1, wid)

harrisim = harris.compute_harris_response(im2, 5)
filtered_coords2 = harris.get_harris_points(harrisim, wid+1)
d2 = harris.get_descriptors(im2, filtered_coords2, wid)

print 'starting matching'
matches = harris.match_twosided(d1, d2)

figure()
gray() 
harris.plot_matches(im1, im2, filtered_coords1, filtered_coords2, matches)
show()

二、SIFT算法实现结果
1、检测兴趣点

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from PIL import Image
from pylab import *
from PCV.localdescriptors import sift
from PCV.localdescriptors import harris

# 添加中文字体支持
from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties

font = FontProperties(fname=r"c:\windows\fonts\SimSun.ttc", size=14)

imname = '../images/shangda1.jpg'
im = array(Image.open(imname).convert('L'))
sift.process_image(imname, 'shangda1.sift')
l1, d1 = sift.read_features_from_file('shangda1.sift')

figure()
gray()
subplot(131)
sift.plot_features(im, l1, circle=False)
title(u'SIFT特征', fontproperties=font)
subplot(132)
sift.plot_features(im, l1, circle=True)
title(u'用圆圈表示SIFT特征尺度', fontproperties=font)

# 检测harris角点
harrisim = harris.compute_harris_response(im)

subplot(133)
filtered_coords = harris.get_harris_points(harrisim, 6, 0.1)
imshow(im)
plot([p[1] for p in filtered_coords], [p[0] for p in filtered_coords], '*')
axis('off')
title(u'Harris角点', fontproperties=font)

show()

2、描述子匹配

from PIL import Image
from pylab import *
import sys
from PCV.localdescriptors import sift

if len(sys.argv) >= 3:
    im1f, im2f = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2]
else:
    #  im1f = '../data/sf_view1.jpg'
    #  im2f = '../data/sf_view2.jpg'
    im1f = '../images/shangda1.jpg'
    im2f = '../images/shangda2.jpg'
#  im1f = '../data/climbing_1_small.jpg'
#  im2f = '../data/climbing_2_small.jpg'
im1 = array(Image.open(im1f))
im2 = array(Image.open(im2f))

sift.process_image(im1f, 'test_1.txt')
l1, d1 = sift.read_features_from_file('test_1.txt')
figure()
gray()
subplot(121)
sift.plot_features(im1, l1, circle=False)

sift.process_image(im2f, 'out_sift_2.txt')
l2, d2 = sift.read_features_from_file('out_sift_2.txt')
subplot(122)
sift.plot_features(im2, l2, circle=False)

# matches = sift.match(d1, d2)
matches = sift.match_twosided(d1, d2)
print('{} matches'.format(len(matches.nonzero()[0])))

figure()
gray()
sift.plot_matches(im1, im2, l1, l2, matches, show_below=True)
show()