Java -- GUI编程(笨蛋笔记）

GUI编程

1、简介

Gui的核心技术：Swing AWT

1. 界面不美观
2. 需要 jre 环境！

为什么要学习？

1. 可以写出自己心中想要的一些小工具
2. 工作时候，也可能需要维护到swing界面，概率极小 ！
3. 了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2、AWT

2.1、Awt介绍

1. 包含了很多类和接口
2. 元素：窗口， 按钮 ， 文本框
3. java.awt

2.2、组件和容器

1、Frame

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //Frame , JDK , 看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个JAVA图像界面窗口");

        //需要设置可见性 w h
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色 Color
        frame.setBackground(new Color(22,44,230));

        //弹出折初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

问题：不能关闭窗口，只能点停止运行关闭！

用封闭来实现：

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口 new
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200,Color.BLUE);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200,Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200,Color.magenta);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200,Color.red);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0; //可能存在多个窗口，我们需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x , int y , int w , int h , Color color){
        super("Myframe+"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

2.面板Panel

解决了关闭事件！

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 可以看成一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPane1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(142, 255, 126));

        //panel 设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(255, 86, 222));

        //frame.add(panle) 添加到里面
        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true); //可见

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

2.3、 布局管理器

• 流式布局

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");

        //设置为流式布局
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); //左边
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));//右边


        frame.setSize(200,200);

        //把按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

• 东西南北中

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        //东西南北中
        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200,200); //窗口大小
        frame.setVisible(true); //可见
    }
}

• 表格布局

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button bun1 = new Button("bun1");
        Button bun2 = new Button("bun2");
        Button bun3 = new Button("bun3");
        Button bun4 = new Button("bun4");
        Button bun5 = new Button("bun5");
        Button bun6 = new Button("bun6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.add(bun1);
        frame.add(bun2);
        frame.add(bun3);
        frame.add(bun4);
        frame.add(bun5);
        frame.add(bun6);

        frame.pack(); //java函数自动生成窗口大小（开始）
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

.练习

package com.lan.gui.lessen01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//练习
public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总 Fram
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        frame.setSize(400,300);
        frame.setLocation(300,400);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //上下分割
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());//北，南，东，西和中心
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));

        //上面部分
        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);//东
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);//西
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER); //添加到p1面板中

        //下面
        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间4个
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);

        //窗口关闭监听事件
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

总结 ：

1. Frame 是一个顶级窗口。
2. Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中。
3. 布局管理器
   1. 流式
   2. 东西南北中
   3. 表格
4. 大小，定位，背景颜色，可见性，监听！

2.5、事件监听

事件监听：当某个事情发生的时候，干什么？

package com.lan.gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮，触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();

        //因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener,所以我们需要构造一个ActionListener
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();

        windowClose(frame); //关闭
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    //关闭窗体的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("你好！同学。");
    }
}

多个按钮共享一个监听事件

package com.lan.gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
        // 开始 停止

        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示的定义触发会返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则会走默认的值！
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();//调用自写的监听
        //共享监听
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得当前按钮的值
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了： msg ->"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

2.6、输入框 TextField 监听

package com.lan.gui.lesson02;


import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        new MyFrame();
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField); //继承了Frame，所以不用写.什么

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下enter(回车），就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');

        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
//ActionListener 监听接口
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText()); //获得输入框的文本
        field.setText(""); // 回车后变为 null ""
    }
}

2.7、简易计算器，组合+内部类回顾复习

oop原则：组合，大于继承！

class A extends B{
    
}

class A{
    public B b;
}

当前代码

package com.lan.gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator() {
        //3 个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数

        //1 个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //给按钮添加监听事件
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));

        //1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //流式布局

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;

    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        //2.将这个值 + 法运算后 ， 放到第三个框
        num3.setText("" + (n1+n2));

        //3.清除前两个框
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");

    }
}

完全改造为面向对象写法

package com.lan.gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1 , num2 ,num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3 个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //给按钮添加监听事件
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this)); //传自己this

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //流式布局

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

}

//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

    //获取计算器这个对象
    Calculator calculator = null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1. 获得加数和被加数
        //2.将这个值 + 法运算后 ， 放到第三个框
        //3.清除前两个框

        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");

    }
}

内部类：

• 更好的包装

package com.lan.gui.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//简易计算器
public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{

    //属性
    TextField num1 , num2 ,num3;

    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3 个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        //给按钮添加监听事件
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener()); //传自己this

        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //流式布局

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //监听器类
    //内部类最大的好处，就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法
    private  class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1. 获得加数和被加数
            //2.将这个值 + 法运算后 ， 放到第三个框
            //3.清除前两个框

            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");

        }
    }

}

2.8、画笔

用画笔，要重写 paint 方法

package com.lan.gui.lessen03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{

    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔，需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100); //实心圆

        //g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
        //养成好习惯，画笔用完，将它还原到最初的颜色
    }
}

2.9、鼠标监听

画图（只有画点）

package com.lan.gui.lessen03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();

        setVisible(true);
        //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画，监听鼠标的事件
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point =  (Point)iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }


    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }

    //适配器模式
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame frame = (MyFrame)e.getSource();
            //这个我们点击的时候，就会在界面上产生一个点！画
            //这个点就是鼠标的点：
            frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            frame.repaint();
        }
    }

}

2.10、窗口监听

package com.lan.gui.lessen03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(300,300,200,200);
        setVisible(true);
        //addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());

        this.addWindowListener(
                //匿名内部类
                new WindowAdapter() {

                    //关闭窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("windowClosing");
                        System.exit(0);
                    }

                    //激活窗口
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                        WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame)e.getSource();
                        source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("windowActivated");
                    }
                }
        );
    }

   /* //适配器 (匿名内部类）代替了
    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            setVisible(false); //隐藏窗口，通过按钮，隐藏当前窗口
            System.exit(0); //正常退出
        }
    }*/
}

2.11、键盘监听

package com.lan.gui.lessen03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

//键
public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}


class KeyFrame extends Frame{
    public KeyFrame(){
        setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        setVisible(true);

        //匿名内部类
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //键盘按下
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //获得键盘下的键是哪 一个，当前的码
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keyCode); //输出当前按一下的键的数值
                if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

3、Swing

3.1、窗口、面板

package com.lan.gui.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {

    //init(); 初始化
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("第一个JFrame窗口");

        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        jf.setBackground(Color.blue);

        //设置文字 JLabel
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("你好啊，小懒猪");
        //文本居中
        //jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        jf.add(jLabel);

        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

标签居中

package com.lan.gui.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe2().init();
    }

}

class MyJframe2 extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(10,10,200,200);
        this.setVisible(true);

        JLabel label = new JLabel("你好啊小懒猪");
        this.add(label);

        //让文本标签居中，设置水平对齐
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //获得一个容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }
}

3.2、弹窗

JDialog , 用来被弹出，默认就有关闭事件！

package com.lan.gui.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700,700);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西，容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");//创建
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDeom();
            }
        });

        contentPane.add(button);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }

}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDeom extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDeom(){
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        contentPane.add(new Label("你好啊！小懒猪。"));
    }

}

3.3、标签

lable

new JLabel("xxxx");

图标 ICON

package com.lan.gui.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，Frame继承
public class IconDemo  extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo(){} //无参构造

    public IconDemo(int width , int height){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height); //画实心圆
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片Icon

package com.lan.gui.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageiconDeom extends JFrame {

    public ImageiconDeom(){
        //获得图片的地址
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        //图片放到同当前类一起
        URL url = ImageiconDeom.class.getResource("1.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER); //居中

        Container container = getContentPane(); //容器
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);

    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageiconDeom();
    }
}

3.4、面板

JPanel

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }

    public JPanelDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //后两个参数是，间距
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));

        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        JPanel panel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);
        container.add(panel3);
        container.add(panel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //关闭窗口

    }
}

JScrollPanel

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;


import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {

    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域 （可以换行）
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("你好小懒猪"); //写到文本域中

        //Scroll 面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

3.5、按钮

图片按钮

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo01(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变为图标
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("1.jpg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //把这个图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选按钮

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo02(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //单选框
        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton1");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton2");
        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton3");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组，一个组中只能选择一个
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(jRadioButton1);
        group.add(jRadioButton2);
        group.add(jRadioButton3);

        container.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(499,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();

    }
}

复选按钮

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo03(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //多选框
        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");

        container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(200,499);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

3.6、列表

下拉框

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public TestComboboxDemo01(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("牛奶");
        status.addItem("果汁");
        status.addItem("面包");

        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

列表框

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {

    public TestComboboxDemo02(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表的内容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};

        Vector contents = new Vector();

        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        contents.add("姓名");
        contents.add("学校");
        contents.add("电话");

        container.add(jList);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

3.7、文本框

文本框 : JTextField

package com.lan.gui.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {

    public TestTextDemo01(){

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField textField = new JTextField("你好！");
        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("再见！", 20);

        container.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

密码框 : JPasswordField

package com.lan.gui.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {


    public TestTextDemo02(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //面板

        //密码框
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//默认**
        passwordField.setEchoChar('%'); //可以改显示

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

文本域 : JTextArea

package com.lan.gui.lesson05;


import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {

    public JScrollDemo(){
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域 （可以换行）
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("你好小懒猪"); //写到文本域中

        //Scroll 面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}