Maven+SpringMVC+SpringJDBC搭建web项目FAQ
Maven+SpringMVC+SpringJDBC搭建web项目FAQ
3.1Web项目基本结构
按照 Java EE 规范的规定，一个典型的Web 应用程序有四个部分：
1. 公开目录
2. WEB-INF/web.xml 文件，发布描述符（必选）
3. WEB-INF/classes 目录，编译后的Java 类文件（可选）
4. WEB-INF/lib 目录，Java 类库文件（*.jar）（可选）
经典的结构：
备注：应用服务器把WEB-INF指为禁访目录,即直接在浏览器里是不能直接访问的；可通过servlet访问。
3.2web项目启动顺序
1、启动一个WEB项目的时候，WEB容器会去读取它的配置文件web.xml，读取和两个结点。
2、紧急着，容器创建一个ServletContext（servlet上下文），这个web项目的所有部分都将共享这个上下文。
3、容器将转换为键值对，并交给servletContext。
4、容器创建中的类实例，创建监听器。
web.xml 的加载顺序是：ServletContext -> context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet
而同个类型之间的实际程序调用的时候的顺序是根据对应mapping的顺序进行调用的。
3.3Eclipse创建Maven web项目注意事项
详见文档:eclipse创建MavenWebProject.doc
3.4maven+springMVC+springJDBC配置
关键点：约定大于配置
关键配置：web.xml application.xml spring-servlet.xml pom.xml
3.4.1web.xml配置 （web容器的配置文件）
1.配置Context-param
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xmlparam-value>
context-param>
备注：部署到tomcat后，eclipse中的src目录下的配置文件会和class文件一样，自动copy到应用的 classes目录下，当然这个deploy path是可以配置的，默认为classes目录 。
classpath：只会到你的class路径中查找找文件;
classpath*：不仅包含class路径，还包括jar文件中(class路径)进行查找。
2.配置listener
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
listener>
3.配置filter
<filter>
<filter-name>setcharacterfilter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encodingparam-name>
<param-value>utf-8param-value>
init-param>
filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>setcharacterfilter-name>
<url-pattern>/url-pattern>
filter-mapping>
4.配置Spring MVC Servlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springservlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xmlparam-value>
init-param>
<load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springservlet-name>
<url-pattern>/url-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
3.4.2 applicationContext.xml配置 （spring的核心配置文件）
使用Spring IOC ，相应的bean一般配在此文件中
例如JDBC相关的bean。
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd">
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.service" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass">
<value>${jdbc.driverClassName}value>
property>
<property name="jdbcUrl">
<value>${jdbc.url}value>
property>
<property name="user">
<value>${jdbc.username}value>
property>
<property name="password">
<value>${jdbc.password}value>
property>
<property name="minPoolSize">
<value>5value>
property>
<property name="maxPoolSize">
<value>30value>
property>
<property name="initialPoolSize">
<value>10value>
property>
<property name="maxIdleTime">
<value>60value>
property>
<property name="acquireIncrement">
<value>5value>
property>
<property name="maxStatements">
<value>0value>
property>
<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod">
<value>60value>
property>
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts">
<value>30value>
property>
<property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure">
<value>truevalue>
property>
<property name="testConnectionOnCheckout">
<value>falsevalue>
property>
bean>
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">property>
bean>
<bean id="nativeJdbcExtractor"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.support.nativejdbc.CommonsDbcpNativeJdbcExtractor"
lazy-init="true" />
<bean id="lobHandler"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler"
lazy-init="true" />
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />
beans>3.4.3 spring-servlet.xml 配置 （Spring MVC配置文件）
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
bean>
<bean id="jsonConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">bean>
<bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="webBindingInitializer">
<bean class="org.springframework.web.bind.support.ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer">
<property name="validator" ref="validator" />
bean>
property>
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="jsonConverter" />
list>
property>
bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" p:defaultEncoding="utf-8" p:maxUploadSize="5000000"/>
<bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
<property name="exceptionMappings">
<props>
<prop key="com.exception.UserException">errors/errorprop>
<prop key="java.lang.Exception">errors/errorprop>
<prop key="java.lang.Throwable">errors/errprop>
props>
property>
<property name="statusCodes">
<props>
<prop key="errors/error">500prop>
<prop key="errors/404">404prop>
props>
property>
<property name="warnLogCategory" value="WARN">property>
<property name="defaultErrorView" value="errors/error">property>
<property name="defaultStatusCode" value="500">property>
bean>
3.4.4pom.xml 配置 (maven )
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>com.typ.springgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-springmvc-springjdbcartifactId>
<packaging>warpackaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<name>maven-springmvc-springjdbc Maven Webappname>
<url>http://maven.apache.orgurl>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASEspring.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>4.11version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectjgroupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaverartifactId>
<version>1.8.5version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
<version>5.1.35version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchangegroupId>
<artifactId>c3p0artifactId>
<version>0.9.5version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstlgroupId>
<artifactId>jstlartifactId>
<version>1.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validatorartifactId>
<version>5.1.2.Finalversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileuploadgroupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileuploadartifactId>
<version>1.3.1version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
<version>2.5.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jacksongroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core-aslartifactId>
<version>1.9.13version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jacksongroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-aslartifactId>
<version>1.9.13version>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>maven-springmvc-springjdbcfinalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
<version>2.3.2version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7source>
<target>1.7target>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>当然还有更详细的配置，请自行探索
下一章会把SpringMVC+SpringJDBC搭建的项目Demo传上来= }=