使用pyton写2048游戏

       python看了差不多两周，今天想着就用python写一个2048，还没有学UI，就在控制台上显示。这是我参考一个教程写的，不是自己独立做的，我觉得这个这个游戏的思想十分有意思，就写出来供大家参考。

       整个程序的语法十分简单，没有用到面向对象编程，基本上就是利用列表等序列和函数实现的，原教程的代码200行左右，我完善了一些功能，代码差不多300多一点，但是整个代码的复用特别多，真正核心的需要理解的也就不到100行，这100行看明白了，就可以了。

import random

points = 0
khopi_attempt = 0
game_box = [[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]
first_position_list = [0, 1, 2, 3]
first_row_to_begin = random.choice(first_position_list)
first_column_to_begib = random.choice(first_position_list)
game_box[first_row_to_begin][first_column_to_begib] = 2

首先引用一个rondom模块，主要利用它的choic函数。这是整个程序的开头部分，作用就是随机生成2048游戏开始的矩阵。2048的棋盘就是利用列表里的加列表来表示，完全可以认为是4*4的一个矩阵，没有数字的部分用0表示。

def up_movement(game_box):
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j] = game_box[i + 1][j]
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
                    game_box[i + 3][j] = 0
        if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
                    game_box[i + 3][j] = 0
        if game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
                    game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

这是程序的第一个函数，顾名思义，是控制数字向上移动的。这个程序最巧妙的地方就是在考虑上移或者下移的时候，是按照4列来看的（左右移动的时候是看作4行），首先

i=0,j=0,来看循环。当第一列的四个数至少有一个不为0的话：如果是第一行数是0，那么就一直向上移动，直到第一个数不为0（利用赋值语句实现）；第二个条件语句也是一样的道理，以此类推。这个函数实现了将数字向上移动。

def up_addition(game_box):
    global points
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] == game_box[i+1][j]:
            game_box[i][j] = game_box[i][j] + game_box[i + 1][j]
            points += game_box[i][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
            game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
            game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

        if game_box[i+1][j] == game_box[i+2][j]:
            game_box[i+1][j] = game_box[i+1][j] + game_box[i + 2][j]
            points += game_box[i+1][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
            game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

        if game_box[i+2][j] == game_box[i+3][j]:
            game_box[i+2][j] = game_box[i+2][j] + game_box[i + 3][j]
            points += game_box[i+2][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

第二个函数，控制上移时的加法运算。如果相等就合并，后面的补上就行了，这里面points变量是用来计算得分的。

def cannot_moveup(game_box):
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] == 0 :
            if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
                return True

        if game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
            if game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
                return True
        if game_box[i + 2][j] == 0 and game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            return True
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 1][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i + 1][j]:
                return True
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 2][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i + 1][j] or game_box[i + 1][j]==game_box[i + 2][j] or game_box[i + 2][j]==game_box[i + 3][j]:
                return True
    return False

第三个函数，判断不能向上移动的情况。这个函数是我自己写的，原来的教程没有，但是2048游戏会出现这种像某一个方向移动但是不起作用的情况。

那么同理就能够写出向下，向左向右的情况了。一共12个函数包含四个方向。

while True:
    print "Point>>>>>>>",str(points)
    print game_box[0][0], '\t', game_box[0][1], '\t', game_box[0][2], '\t', game_box[0][3]
    print game_box[1][0], '\t', game_box[1][1], '\t', game_box[1][2], '\t', game_box[1][3]
    print game_box[2][0], '\t', game_box[2][1], '\t', game_box[2][2], '\t', game_box[2][3]
    print game_box[3][0], '\t', game_box[3][1], '\t', game_box[3][2], '\t', game_box[3][3]
    move_choice = raw_input('Make your move:')
    if move_choice == 'w':
        if cannot_moveup(game_box):
            up_movement(game_box)
            up_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move up,input again'
            continue
    elif move_choice == 's':
        if cannot_movedown(game_box):
            down_movement(game_box)
            down_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move down,input again'
            continue
    elif move_choice == 'a':
        if cannot_moveleft(game_box):
            left_movement(game_box)
            left_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move left,input again'
            continue
    elif move_choice == 'd':
        if cannot_moveright(game_box):
            right_movement(game_box)
            right_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move right,input again'
            continue
    else:
        khopi_attempt += 1
        continue

    zuobiao = []

    for i in range(0,4):
        for j in range(0,4):
            if game_box[i][j] == 0:
                zuobiao.append((i,j))

    if max([max(game_box[0]),max(game_box[1]),max(game_box[2]),max(game_box[3])])>=32:
        print "Congratrulations you get 32"
        break

    if len(zuobiao)>1:
        i = range(len(zuobiao))
        i = random.choice(i)
        row_to_place_item = zuobiao[i][0]
        column_to_place_item = zuobiao[i][1]
        game_box[row_to_place_item][column_to_place_item] = 2
    if len(zuobiao)==1:
        row_to_place_item = zuobiao[0]
        column_to_place_item = zuobiao[1]
        game_box[row_to_place_item][column_to_place_item] = 2
    if len(zuobiao)==0:
        break

print "total points:",str(points)
print "Game Over"

。。。吃饭去了，不想写了，我把完整的程序贴在下面。

import random

points = 0
khopi_attempt = 0
game_box = [[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]
first_position_list = [0, 1, 2, 3]
first_row_to_begin = random.choice(first_position_list)
first_column_to_begib = random.choice(first_position_list)
game_box[first_row_to_begin][first_column_to_begib] = 2


def up_movement(game_box):
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j] = game_box[i + 1][j]
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
                    game_box[i + 3][j] = 0
        if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
                    game_box[i + 3][j] = 0
        if game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
                    game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

def up_addition(game_box):
    global points
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] == game_box[i+1][j]:
            game_box[i][j] = game_box[i][j] + game_box[i + 1][j]
            points += game_box[i][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
            game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
            game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

        if game_box[i+1][j] == game_box[i+2][j]:
            game_box[i+1][j] = game_box[i+1][j] + game_box[i + 2][j]
            points += game_box[i+1][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 3][j]
            game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

        if game_box[i+2][j] == game_box[i+3][j]:
            game_box[i+2][j] = game_box[i+2][j] + game_box[i + 3][j]
            points += game_box[i+2][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 3][j] = 0

def cannot_moveup(game_box):
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] == 0 :
            if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
                return True

        if game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
            if game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
                return True
        if game_box[i + 2][j] == 0 and game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            return True
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 1][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i + 1][j]:
                return True
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 2][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i + 1][j] or game_box[i + 1][j]==game_box[i + 2][j] or game_box[i + 2][j]==game_box[i + 3][j]:
                return True
    return False
def down_movement(game_box):
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 3][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i+3][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i+3][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i+3][j] = game_box[i + 2][j]
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 1][j]
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i][j]
                    game_box[i][j] = 0
        if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 1][j]
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i][j]
                    game_box[i][j] = 0
        if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i + 1][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i][j]
                    game_box[i][j] = 0

def down_addition(game_box):
    global points
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i+3][j] == game_box[i+2][j]:
            game_box[i+3][j] = game_box[i+3][j] + game_box[i + 2][j]
            points += game_box[i+3][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 2][j] = game_box[i + 1][j]
            game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i][j]
            game_box[i][j] = 0

        if game_box[i+2][j] == game_box[i+1][j]:
            game_box[i+2][j] = game_box[i+2][j] + game_box[i + 1][j]
            points += game_box[i+2][j] ** 2
            game_box[i + 1][j] = game_box[i][j]
            game_box[i][j] = 0

        if game_box[i+1][j] == game_box[i][j]:
            game_box[i+1][j] = game_box[i+1][j] + game_box[i][j]
            points += game_box[i+1][j] ** 2
            game_box[i][j] = 0
def cannot_movedown(game_box):
    i = 0
    for j in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i+3][j] == 0 :
            if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i + 2][j] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
                return True

        if game_box[i + 2][j] == 0:
            if game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
                return True
        if game_box[i + 1][j] == 0 and game_box[i][j] != 0:
            return True
        if game_box[i+3][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 2][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i+3][j]==game_box[i + 2][j]:
                return True
        if game_box[i+3][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 1][j] != 0 and game_box[i + 2][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i + 1][j] or game_box[i + 1][j]==game_box[i + 2][j] or game_box[i + 2][j]==game_box[i + 3][j]:
                return True
    return False

def left_movement(game_box):
    j = 0
    for i in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 or game_box[i][j+1] != 0 or game_box[i][j+2] != 0 or game_box[i][j+3] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j] = game_box[i][j+1]
                    game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j+2]
                    game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+3]
                    game_box[i][j+3] = 0
        if game_box[i][j + 1] != 0 or game_box[i][j + 2] != 0 or game_box[i][j + 3] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j+1] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j+1] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j+2]
                    game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+3]
                    game_box[i][j+3] = 0
        if game_box[i][j + 2] != 0 or game_box[i][j + 3] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j+2] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j+2] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+3]
                    game_box[i][j+3] = 0

def left_addition(game_box):
    global points
    j = 0
    for i in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] == game_box[i][j+1]:
            game_box[i][j] = game_box[i][j] + game_box[i][j+1]
            points += game_box[i][j] ** 2
            game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j+2]
            game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+3]
            game_box[i][j+3] = 0

        if game_box[i][j+1] == game_box[i][j+2]:
            game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j+1] + game_box[i][j+2]
            points += game_box[i][j+1] ** 2
            game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+3]
            game_box[i][j+3] = 0

        if game_box[i][j+2] == game_box[i][j+3]:
            game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+2] + game_box[i][j+3]
            points += game_box[i][j+2] ** 2
            game_box[i][j+3] = 0

def cannot_moveleft(game_box):
    j = 0
    for i in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] == 0 :
            if game_box[i][j+1] != 0 or game_box[i][j+2] != 0 or game_box[i][j+3] != 0:
                return True

        if game_box[i][j+1] == 0:
            if game_box[i][j+2] != 0 or game_box[i][j+3] != 0:
                return True
        if game_box[i][j+2] == 0 and game_box[i][j+3] != 0:
            return True
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 and game_box[i][j+1] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i][j+1]:
                return True
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 and game_box[i][j+1] != 0 and game_box[i][j+2] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i][j+1] or game_box[i][j+1]==game_box[i][j+2] or game_box[i][j+2]==game_box[i][j+3]:
                return True
    return False

def right_movement(game_box):
    j = 0
    for i in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j] != 0 or game_box[i][j+1] != 0 or game_box[i][j+2] != 0 or game_box[i][j+3] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j+3] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j+3] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j+3] = game_box[i][j+2]
                    game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+1]
                    game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j]
                    game_box[i][j] = 0
        if game_box[i][j + 1] != 0 or game_box[i][j + 2] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j+2] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j+2] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+1]
                    game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j]
                    game_box[i][j] = 0
        if game_box[i][j + 1] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j+1] == 0:
                while game_box[i][j+1] == 0:
                    game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j]
                    game_box[i][j] = 0

def right_addition(game_box):
    global points
    j = 0
    for i in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j+3] == game_box[i][j+2]:
            game_box[i][j+3] = game_box[i][j+3] + game_box[i][j+2]
            points += game_box[i][j+3] ** 2
            game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+1]
            game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j]
            game_box[i][j] = 0

        if game_box[i][j+2] == game_box[i][j+1]:
            game_box[i][j+2] = game_box[i][j+2] + game_box[i][j+1]
            points += game_box[i][j+2] ** 2
            game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j]
            game_box[i][j] = 0

        if game_box[i][j+1] == game_box[i][j]:
            game_box[i][j+1] = game_box[i][j+1] + game_box[i][j]
            points += game_box[i][j+1] ** 2
            game_box[i][j] = 0

def cannot_moveright(game_box):
    j = 0
    for i in range(0, 4):
        if game_box[i][j+3] == 0 :
            if game_box[i][j+1] != 0 or game_box[i][j+2] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
                return True

        if game_box[i][j+2] == 0:
            if game_box[i][j+1] != 0 or game_box[i][j] != 0:
                return True
        if game_box[i][j+1] == 0 and game_box[i][j] != 0:
            return True
        if game_box[i][j+3] != 0 and game_box[i][j+2] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j+3]==game_box[i][j+2]:
                return True
        if game_box[i][j+3] != 0 and game_box[i][j+2] != 0 and game_box[i][j+1] != 0:
            if game_box[i][j]==game_box[i][j+1] or game_box[i][j+1]==game_box[i][j+2] or game_box[i][j+2]==game_box[i][j+3]:
                return True
    return False

while True:
    print "Point>>>>>>>",str(points)
    print game_box[0][0], '\t', game_box[0][1], '\t', game_box[0][2], '\t', game_box[0][3]
    print game_box[1][0], '\t', game_box[1][1], '\t', game_box[1][2], '\t', game_box[1][3]
    print game_box[2][0], '\t', game_box[2][1], '\t', game_box[2][2], '\t', game_box[2][3]
    print game_box[3][0], '\t', game_box[3][1], '\t', game_box[3][2], '\t', game_box[3][3]
    move_choice = raw_input('Make your move:')
    if move_choice == 'w':
        if cannot_moveup(game_box):
            up_movement(game_box)
            up_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move up,input again'
            continue
    elif move_choice == 's':
        if cannot_movedown(game_box):
            down_movement(game_box)
            down_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move down,input again'
            continue
    elif move_choice == 'a':
        if cannot_moveleft(game_box):
            left_movement(game_box)
            left_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move left,input again'
            continue
    elif move_choice == 'd':
        if cannot_moveright(game_box):
            right_movement(game_box)
            right_addition(game_box)
        else:
            print 'cannot move right,input again'
            continue
    else:
        khopi_attempt += 1
        continue

    zuobiao = []

    for i in range(0,4):
        for j in range(0,4):
            if game_box[i][j] == 0:
                zuobiao.append((i,j))

    if max([max(game_box[0]),max(game_box[1]),max(game_box[2]),max(game_box[3])])>=32:
        print "Congratrulations you get 32"
        break

    if len(zuobiao)>1:
        i = range(len(zuobiao))
        i = random.choice(i)
        row_to_place_item = zuobiao[i][0]
        column_to_place_item = zuobiao[i][1]
        game_box[row_to_place_item][column_to_place_item] = 2
    if len(zuobiao)==1:
        row_to_place_item = zuobiao[0]
        column_to_place_item = zuobiao[1]
        game_box[row_to_place_item][column_to_place_item] = 2
    if len(zuobiao)==0:
        break

print "total points:",str(points)
print "Game Over"

这里面我为了测试程序设定的是得到32就显示成功，退出游戏，可以在代码里面改动。