注意:本片配置:jenkins服务器和应用服务器不在同一台机器上,且应用服务器 负责流执行程 (推荐)。
流程:代码上传->gitlab通知->jenkins服务器执行构建->远程应用服务器git下拉->远程应用服务器maven打包->发送到远程应用服务器的tomcat->发布
以下是配置说明:
需要两台服务器:一台部署jenkins服务器、另一台部署应用服务器。
要求:两台服务器可以互相通信。
部署jenkins服务器(Linux1): jdk、jenkins、tomcat(可选,但不推荐)
部署应用服务器(Linux2): jdk、git、maven、tomcat
说明一下:部署的jenkins服务器可以是内网本地,应用服务器可以是外网环境的云服务器。Jenkins也是可以实现手动或轮询的方式构建到应用服务器的,但,不能使用gitlab通知jenkins自动构建,因,gitlab找不到你的内网地址。
一、部署jenkins服务器(Linux1)
1、安装jdk1.8
yum install java
2、安装jenkins
前提环境:jdk1.8
下载地址:jenkins.war 稳定版
[root@VM_0_11_centos ~]# ls
jdk1.8 jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz jenkins.war
[root@VM_0_11_centos ~]# java -jar jenkins.war
访问:ip:8080
http://49.235.71.163:8080
创建用户:admin/admin 用户名:zhengja
2.1jenkins 插件安装(推荐)
Safe Restart 方便重启jenkins,每次配置jenkins需要重启让配置生效
Rebuilder 方便重新构建
Git Parameters 确定构建哪个分支
2.2jenkins 基础配置
- 安全性配置
-
系统管理->全局安全配置:
-
1.去掉 允许用户注册
2.选用 安全矩阵 ->Add user or group... ->输入刚创建的admin,赋予全部权限,保存
二、部署应用服务器(Linux2)
环境: jdk1.8,git,maven,tomcat8
1,开启ssh
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# netstat -anp|grep :22
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
tcp 0 36 172.16.0.6:22 211.161.248.60:22447
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# service sshd start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start sshd.service
2,关闭防火墙(内网环境相对安全)
安装iptables
如果你要改用iptables的话,需要安装iptables服务:
#安装
sudo yum install iptables-services
#开启iptables
sudo systemctl enable iptables
sudo systemctl enable ip6tables
#启动服务
sudo systemctl start iptables
sudo systemctl start ip6tables
关闭防火墙:
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# service iptables stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop iptables.service
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# service iptables status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status iptables.service
● iptables.service - IPv4 firewall with iptables
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/iptables.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead) since Thu 2019-09-26 21:28:33 CST; 6s ago
Process: 9537 ExecStop=/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 9354 ExecStart=/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 9354 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Sep 26 21:27:28 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Starting IPv4 firewall with iptables...
Sep 26 21:27:28 VM_0_6_centos iptables.init[9354]: iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
Sep 26 21:27:28 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Started IPv4 firewall with iptables.
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Stopping IPv4 firewall with iptables...
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos iptables.init[9537]: iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filte... ]
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos iptables.init[9537]: iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Stopped IPv4 firewall with iptables.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]#
Stopped IPv4 firewall with iptables 说明防火墙已关闭
2,安装 jdk
2.1 方式一:普通安装方式:(下载慢)
yum install java
java -version
2.2 方式二:安装指定版本:java1.8(下载慢)
- 在线下载jdk (下载比较慢)
wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm
- 赋权限
chmod +x jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm
- 进行安装
rpm -ivh jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm
- 查看是否安装成功
java -version
默认安装路径为 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
- 编辑环境变量
vim /etc/profile
环境变量为
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
- 使得配置立即生效
source /etc/profile
- 查看是否安装成功
javac
java -version
echo $PATH
2.3 方式三:下载jdk1.8上传linux服务器(安装快-推荐)
下载:jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz
放到 /usr/local ,解压
tar -zxvf jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz
改名 jdk1.8
mv jdk1.8.0_221 jdk1.8
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
bin etc games include jdk1.8 lib lib64 libexec qcloud sbin share src yd.socket.server
配置jdk1.8环境变量
[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# pwd
/usr/local/jdk1.8
[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# vi /etc/profile
环境变量为
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
退出文件,保存
按Esc键 输入:wq 保存并退出
让配置文件生效:
[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# source /etc/profile
查看是否配置成功:
[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_221"
若出现jdk版本号,则安装并配置环境变量成功
如果提示命令找不到的话,查看一下jdk的配置路径是否错误。
删除安装包(可选):rm -rf jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz
3、安装 git
方式一:git安装(旧版本)
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# yum install git
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# git --version
git version 1.8.3.1
方式二:gti安装(最新版本—推荐)
1、获取github最新的Git安装包下载链接,下载新版本 git-2.9.5.tar.gz 上传到linux;
2、压缩包解压:
sudo tar -zxvf git-2.9.5.tar.gz
3、进入解压后的文件夹:
cd git-2.9.5
4、执行编译:耐心等待编译即可
make prefix=/usr/local/git all
5、安装Git至/usr/local/git路径,命令为
make prefix=/usr/local/git install
6、打开环境变量配置文件,命令 ,在底部加上Git相关配置信息:
vim /etc/profile
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin
export PATH
然后wq保存,退出!
让配置文件生效:
source /etc/profile
7、输入命令 git --version ,查看安装的git版本,校验通过,安装成功。
8、删除安装包(可选):rm -rf git-2.9.5.tar.gz
9、查看git安装路径:
Linux-如果不清楚自己的Git安装在哪个路径下,终端执行
whereis git
配置:/usr/local/git/bin/git
生成ssh密钥 配置git
ssh公钥可以配置gitlab、github等,
ssh私钥可配置jenkins凭证等。
用户和邮箱不要求真实
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# git config --global user.name "zhengja"
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# git config --global user.email "[email protected]"
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[email protected]"
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:EqKVJUBpxVYpswJifGiXyplLTUcBYFNaMxaODZQPUmc [email protected]
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|oOO&E++. |
|=B%BB=. |
|*=@+=+. |
| *.=.. . |
|. o. . S |
| . . |
| |
| |
| |
+----[SHA256]-----+
拿到公钥配置gitlab
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# cd /root/.ssh/
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# vim id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDcArp9fBpi7CWJ50dQQTHbLfRkMyhVuox7bFEeYu3kaFYO3ECInfiBEK8PdYAKPjGWRirYQGCBQlsSzGd4F3sVTQH4ePk0bk/iAwnZsgOBgMgyZW6c00u+afJ/h8PNRK2xr60kB3n4no4UDov4hsuGdCKhavrHRzs3s6H+b7WKxILdSwZ7BpduGZGCOug8JtcnwF1mmMKi0YH0KrIxnrOR9GHT+wHAyJ5WjYU4Xzr+ZIGN6MfrM7X99y/uyMsrv8nzliMxWpFxduYAkKkfrqf46Y18oZfn5VdXhfnvyd+FqWTPdtJF2EZtKdhwGnouuyTdESQP3PPacFM1ZeW58R/T [email protected]
测试:
测试:git命令克隆sshUrl到本地
git clone sshURL
4、安装 maven
下载 apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip ,上传到linux系统并解压
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip etc include lib libexec sbin src
bin games jdk1.8 lib64 qcloud share yd.socket.server
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# unzip apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
apache-maven-3.6.2 bin games jdk1.8 lib64 qcloud share yd.socket.server
apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip etc include lib libexec sbin src
配置maven环境变量
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# pwd
/usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# vim /etc/profile
末尾添加(路径要正确)
export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
export PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH
重新加载配置-->测试maven是否配置成功
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# . /etc/profile
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.6.2 (40f52333136460af0dc0d7232c0dc0bcf0d9e117; 2019-08-27T23:06:16+08:00)
Maven home: /usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
Java version: 1.8.0_221, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/local/jdk1.8/jre
删除安装包(可选):rm -rf apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip
5、安装 tomcat
下载 tomcat8 ,上传到linux,并解压
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# unzip apache-tomcat-8.5.46.zip
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
apache-maven-3.6.2 bin include lib64 sbin yd.socket.server
apache-tomcat-8.5.46 etc jdk1.8 libexec share
apache-tomcat-8.5.46.zip games lib qcloud src
配置tomcat
给tomcat下的所有文件授给任何人都可执行的权限
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# cd apache-tomcat-8.5.46/
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# chmod a+x -R *
修改tomcat端口为8090
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# vim conf/server.xml
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />
启动tomcat:
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# bin/startup.sh
查看tomcat是否启动成功
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# ps -ef|grep tomcat
root 22857 1 29 19:12 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 27474 19080 0 10:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat
启动成功标识!
关闭tomcat:
首先,进入Tomcat下的bin目录
cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin
使用./shutdown.sh或者是sh shutdown.sh关闭Tomcat
想直接直接杀死Tomcat进程(进程号: 22857),使用kill命令
kill -9 22857
三、jenkins节点Slave配置
jenkins主机环境:java、jenkins
1、Linux 的 Slave机器设置
作为slave的Linux机器为centos系统.
ip: 129.204.207.127
环境:java1.8、maven、git、tomcat:8090
路径:
java : /usr/local/jdk1.8
maven : /usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
git : /usr/local/git
tomcat: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46
环境变量:vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
export PATH=PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
PATH=MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH
用户:root/123
生成ssh:私钥、公钥 [Linux生成SSH密钥方式](其它/SSH 证书生成(Linux、windows).md)
节点Slave生成:authorized_keys 并授权
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# cd .ssh
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# ls
id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub > authorized_keys
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# chmod 700 authorized_keys
2、jenkins配置节点slave凭证
获取节点Slave私钥:id_rsa
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# cd /root/.ssh
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# vim id_rsa
创建节点凭证:root/私钥
3、创建节点slave
系统管理->节点管理->新建节点:
节点名称:Linux_127 、 选着固定节点 -->确定
查看节点列表:显示节点磁盘大小说明配置成功
测试节点:
新建任务:任务名称:springboot-test-gitlab、选择:构建一个自由风格的软件项目
执行 立即构建
控制台输出:
成功控制台输出
Started by user zhengja
Running as SYSTEM
Building remotely on Linux_127 in workspace /root/.jenkins/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab
[springboot-test-gitlab] $ /bin/sh -xe /tmp/jenkins1901112003247678190.sh
+ ifconfig
docker0: flags=4163 mtu 1500
inet 172.17.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255
inet6 fe80::42:edff:fe35:28c8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20
ether 02:42:ed:35:28:c8 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 510 bytes 75763 (73.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 489 bytes 56366 (55.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
group default
link/ether c2:51:e9:ca:47:56 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
inet6 fe80::c051:e9ff:feca:4756/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Finished: SUCCESS
中文解释:
成功控制台输出 由用户zhengja发起 作为系统运行 上远程构建Linux_127在工作区/root/.jenkins/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab [springboot-test-gitlab] $ / bin / sh -xe /tmp/jenkins1901112003247678190.sh + ifconfig docker0:标志= 4163
mtu 1500 inet 172.17.0.1网络掩码255.255.0.0广播172.17.255.255 inet6 fe80 :: 42:edff:fe35:28c8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 以太网02:42:ed:35:28:c8 txqueuelen 0(以太网) RX数据包510字节75763(73.9 KiB) 接收错误0掉线0超限0帧0 TX数据包489字节56366(55.0 KiB) TX错误0掉线0超限0载波0冲突0 组默认 链接/以太c2:51:e9:ca:47:56 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff链接netnsid 0 inet6 fe80 :: c051:e9ff:feca:4756/64作用域链接 永久有效_lft永久首选_lft 已完成:成功
配置节点成功!
四、创建一个任务(使用节点环境)
目的:代码上传->gitlab通知->jenkins服务器执行构建->远程应用服务器git下拉->远程应用服务器maven打包->发送到远程应用服务器的tomcat->发布
deploy.sh脚本在springboot-test-gitlab/deploy.sh 项目根目录下
其中项目中的脚本:deploy.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
#编译+部署项目站点
#需要配置如下参数
# 项目路径, 在Execute Shell中配置项目路径, pwd 就可以获得该项目路径
# export PROJ_PATH=这个jenkins任务在部署机器上的路径
# export PROJ_PATH=/root/.jenkins
# 输入你的环境上tomcat的全路径
# export TOMCAT_APP_PATH=tomcat在部署机器上的路径
# export TOMCAT_APP_PATH=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46
### base 函数
killTomcat()
{
pid=`ps -ef|grep tomcat|grep java|awk '{print $2}'`
echo "tomcat Id list :$pid"
if [ "$pid" = "" ]
then
echo "no tomcat pid alive"
else
kill -9 $pid
fi
#上面注释的或者下面的
#cd $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/bin
#sh shutdown.sh
}
cd $PROJ_PATH/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab2/springboot
mvn clean install
# 停tomcat
killTomcat
# 删除原有工程
#rm -rf $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/webapps/ROOT
#rm -f $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/webapps/ROOT.war
rm -f $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/webapps/springboot-test-gitlab.war
# 复制新的工程到tomcat上
cp $PROJ_PATH/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab2/springboot/target/springboot-test-gitlab-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/webapps/
cd $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/webapps/
mv springboot-test-gitlab-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war springboot-test-gitlab.war
# 启动Tomcat
cd $TOMCAT_APP_PATH/
sh bin/startup.sh
创建一个任务
名称:springboot-test-gitlab2
类型: 一个自由风格的任务
源码管理:
gitlab配置节点的ssh公钥,配置参考:[SSH 证书生成(Linux、windows).md](其它/SSH 证书生成(Linux、windows).md) 中的 “二、Linux生成证书-->3.证书使用-例如:配置gitlab”。
构建触发器配置:
请参考:jenkins构建触发器配置中的_代码提交—>gitlab通知jenkins构建.
构建配置:
BUILD_ID=DONTKILLME
. /etc/profile
export PROJ_PATH=/root/.jenkins
export TOMCAT_APP_PATH=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46
sh $PROJ_PATH/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab2/springboot/deploy.sh
保存->执行构建
执行构建结果:
Started by GitLab push by zhengja
Started by user zhengja
Rebuilds build #7
Running as SYSTEM
Building remotely on Linux_127 in workspace /root/.jenkins/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab2
No credentials specified
> git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree # timeout=10
Fetching changes from the remote Git repository
> git config remote.origin.url ssh://[email protected]:5337/zhengja/springboot-test-gitlab.git # timeout=10
Fetching upstream changes from ssh://[email protected]:5337/zhengja/springboot-test-gitlab.git
> git --version # timeout=10
> git fetch --tags --progress ssh://[email protected]:5337/zhengja/springboot-test-gitlab.git +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
...........
.........
..........
09:28:22.884 [main] DEBUG org.springframework.test.context.support.TestPropertySourceUtils - Adding inlined properties to environment: {spring.jmx.enabled=false, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true, server.port=-1}
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.1.8.RELEASE)
2019-09-30 09:28:23.541 INFO 29490 --- [ main] d.s.SpringbootTestGithubApplicationTests : Starting SpringbootTestGithubApplicationTests on VM_0_6_centos with PID 29490 (started by root in /root/.jenkins/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab2/springboot)
................
............
........
[INFO] Installing /root/.jenkins/workspace/springboot-test-gitlab2/springboot/pom.xml to /root/.m2/repository/com/dist/springboot-test-gitlab/0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/springboot-test-gitlab-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 16.105 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2019-09-30T09:28:31+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
tomcat Id list :29272
Tomcat started.
Finished: SUCCESS
访问:http://129.204.207.127:8090/springboot-test-gitlab/
html页面显示:
进入首页
测试自动构建是否成功
测试gitlab-->通知jenkins自动构建
到此,项目的自动部署及发布完成!
五、配置邮箱通知
目的:代码上传->gitlab通知->jenkins服务器执行构建->远程应用服务器git下拉->远程应用服务器maven打包->发送到远程应用服务器的tomcat->发布->邮箱通知
参考 :jenkins 邮箱通知配置