Python3对Excel表格操作（写入、追加）

python3 对Excel操作

方法有很多，pandas可以读取Excel数据，创建Excel表格，写入数据，但是好像不能实现追加，后写入的数据会覆盖到以前数据；xlrd、xlwt、xlutils可是实现对xls格式的表格数据的读取、写入以及修改（如：追加）；openpyxl可以实现对xlsx格式的表格数据进行读、写、修改等操作。本例仅以表格的写入与追加为例，简单说明一下Python对Excel的操作，详细可参考上面这些工具包的说明文档。

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

df = pd.DataFrame(
    {
        'name': ['Jack', 'kate', 'Jim', 'Steve', 'Mike', 'Lucy'],
        'Gender': ['M', 'F', 'M', 'M', 'M', 'F'],
        'Age': [17, 15, 22, 34, 18, 23],
        'Height': [173, 168, 164, 180, 182, 190],
        'Hobby': ['Reading', 'Music', 'Football', 'Reading', 'Cooking', 'Running']
    }
)

df

	name	Gender	Age	Height	Hobby
0	Jack	M	17	173	Reading
1	kate	F	15	168	Music
2	Jim	M	22	164	Football
3	Steve	M	34	180	Reading
4	Mike	M	18	182	Cooking
5	Lucy	F	23	190	Running

df1 = df.copy()
df2 = df.copy()
df3 = df.copy()

df的追加，设置ignore_index=True可以自动递增索引号

df4 = df.append(df1, ignore_index=True)
df4

	name	Gender	Age	Height	Hobby
0	Jack	M	17	173	Reading
1	kate	F	15	168	Music
2	Jim	M	22	164	Football
3	Steve	M	34	180	Reading
4	Mike	M	18	182	Cooking
5	Lucy	F	23	190	Running
6	Jack	M	17	173	Reading
7	kate	F	15	168	Music
8	Jim	M	22	164	Football
9	Steve	M	34	180	Reading
10	Mike	M	18	182	Cooking
11	Lucy	F	23	190	Running

操作xls格式的表格

import xlrd  # 读取
import xlwt  # 写入
from xlutils.copy import copy  # 修改（追加写入）：xlutils


def write2xls(path, sheetname, value):
    index = len(value)  # 获取需要写入数据的行数
    workbook = xlwt.Workbook()  # 创建一个工作簿
    sheet = workbook.add_sheet(sheetname)  # 在工作簿中新建一个表格
    for i in range(index):
        for j in range(len(value[i])):
            sheet.write(i, j, value[i][j])  # 向表格中写入数据（对应的行和列）
    workbook.save(path)
    print("xls格式表格写入成功！")


def append2xls(path, sheetname, value):
    index = len(value)  # 获取需要写入的数据的行数
    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path)  # 打开工作簿
#     sheets = workbook.sheet_names()  # 获取工作簿里的所有表格
    worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheetname)  # 获取工作簿中所有表格中的第一个表格
    rows_old = worksheet.nrows  # 获取表格中已存在的数据的行数
    new_workbook = copy(workbook)  # 将xlrd对象拷贝转化为xlwt对象
    new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(0)  # 获取转化后工作簿中的第一个表格
    
    for i in range(index):
        for j in range(len(value[i])):
            new_worksheet.write(i+rows_old, j, value[i][j])  # 追加写入数据，注意从 i+rows_old 行开始
    
    new_workbook.save(path)
    print("xls格式表格追加写入成功！")
    
    
column_name = np.array([df4.columns])

write2xls(path='./zx_test.xls', sheetname='text', value=column_name)

append2xls(path='./zx_test.xls', sheetname='text', value=df1.to_numpy())
append2xls(path='./zx_test.xls', sheetname='text', value=df4.to_numpy())

xls格式表格写入成功！
xls格式表格追加写入成功！
xls格式表格追加写入成功！

操作xlsx格式的表格文件

import openpyxl

def write2xlsx(path, sheetname, value):
    index = len(value)
    workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()  # 实例化
    sheet = workbook.active  # 激活worksheet
    sheet.title = sheetname
    for i in range(index):
        for j in range(len(value[i])):
            sheet.cell(row=i+1, column=j+1, value=str(value[i][j]))
    workbook.save(path)
    print("xlsx格式表格数据写入成功！")
    
def append2xlsx(path, sheetname, value):
    index = len(value)
    workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
    sheet = workbook[sheetname]

    for i in range(index):
        sheet.append(list(value[i]))  # append的内容必须是可迭代对象，里面的value必须是str类型
    workbook.save(path)
    print("xlsx格式表格数据追加成功！")   
    

column_name = np.array([df4.columns])
write2xlsx(path='./zx_test_2.xlsx', sheetname='text', value=column_name)

data = df4.to_numpy()
append2xlsx(path='./zx_test_2.xlsx', sheetname='text', value=data)

data2 = df1.to_numpy()
append2xlsx(path='./zx_test_2.xlsx', sheetname='text', value=data2)

xlsx格式表格数据写入成功！
xlsx格式表格数据追加成功！
xlsx格式表格数据追加成功！

结果如下：