libevent中的基本数据结构



libevent中文件queue.h文件包含5种数据结构：单链表，双向链表，队列，尾队列，环形队列。在处理I/O和signal中的事件时，用的就是尾队列，下面就介绍这几种数据结构

1、单链表

链表头用宏SLIT_HEAD来定义

#define SLIST_HEAD(name, type)						\
struct name {								\
	struct type *slh_first;	/* first element */			\
}

链表中的元素用宏SLIST_ENTRY定义

#define SLIST_ENTRY(type)						\
struct {								\
	struct type *sle_next;	/* next element */			\
}

单链表的逻辑结构图表示为

包含的操作有元素后插入，头部插入，头部删除

元素后插入宏定义

#define	SLIST_INSERT_AFTER(slistelm, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.sle_next = (slistelm)->field.sle_next;		\
	(slistelm)->field.sle_next = (elm);				\
} while (0)

头部插入

#define	SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.sle_next = (head)->slh_first;			\
	(head)->slh_first = (elm);					\
} while (0)

头部删除

#define	SLIST_REMOVE_HEAD(head, field) do {				\
	(head)->slh_first = (head)->slh_first->field.sle_next;		\
} while (0)

2、双链表

双链表头宏定义为

#define LIST_HEAD(name, type)						\
struct name {								\
	struct type *lh_first;	/* first element */			\
}

双链表中元素宏定义为

#define LIST_ENTRY(type)						\
struct {								\
	struct type *le_next;	/* next element */			\
	struct type **le_prev;	/* address of previous next element */	\  //前一个成员le_next的地址
}

逻辑结构图为

元素后插入

#define LIST_INSERT_AFTER(listelm, elm, field) do {			\
	if (((elm)->field.le_next = (listelm)->field.le_next) != NULL)	\
		(listelm)->field.le_next->field.le_prev =		\
		    &(elm)->field.le_next;				\
	(listelm)->field.le_next = (elm);				\
	(elm)->field.le_prev = &(listelm)->field.le_next;		\
} while (0)

逻辑结构图为

元素前插入

#define	LIST_INSERT_BEFORE(listelm, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.le_prev = (listelm)->field.le_prev;		\
	(elm)->field.le_next = (listelm);				\
	*(listelm)->field.le_prev = (elm);				\
	(listelm)->field.le_prev = &(elm)->field.le_next;		\
} while (0)

列表头插入

#define LIST_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) do {				\
	if (((elm)->field.le_next = (head)->lh_first) != NULL)		\
		(head)->lh_first->field.le_prev = &(elm)->field.le_next;\
	(head)->lh_first = (elm);					\
	(elm)->field.le_prev = &(head)->lh_first;			\
} while (0)

元素删除

#define LIST_REMOVE(elm, field) do {					\
	if ((elm)->field.le_next != NULL)				\
		(elm)->field.le_next->field.le_prev =			\
		    (elm)->field.le_prev;				\
	*(elm)->field.le_prev = (elm)->field.le_next;			\
} while (0)

元素替换

#define LIST_REPLACE(elm, elm2, field) do {				\
	if (((elm2)->field.le_next = (elm)->field.le_next) != NULL)	\
		(elm2)->field.le_next->field.le_prev =			\
		    &(elm2)->field.le_next;				\
	(elm2)->field.le_prev = (elm)->field.le_prev;			\
	*(elm2)->field.le_prev = (elm2);				\
} while (0)

3、简单队列

简单队列主要包含头插入，尾插入，元素后插入，头删除操作

/*
 * Simple queue definitions.
 */
 //简单队列头定义
#define SIMPLEQ_HEAD(name, type)					\
struct name {								\
	struct type *sqh_first;	/* first element */			\
	struct type **sqh_last;	/* addr of last next element */		\
}

//队列头初始化，sqh_first=NULL, sqh_last=&sql_first
#define SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(head)					\
	{ NULL, &(head).sqh_first }

//简单队列元素定义
#define SIMPLEQ_ENTRY(type)						\
struct {								\
	struct type *sqe_next;	/* next element */			\
}

/*
 * Simple queue access methods.
 */
#define	SIMPLEQ_FIRST(head)	    ((head)->sqh_first)  //队列头
#define	SIMPLEQ_END(head)	    NULL				//队列尾
#define	SIMPLEQ_EMPTY(head)	    (SIMPLEQ_FIRST(head) == SIMPLEQ_END(head))  //队列空的判断
#define	SIMPLEQ_NEXT(elm, field)    ((elm)->field.sqe_next)  //队列元素的下一个元素

//简单队列遍历
#define SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(var, head, field)				\
	for((var) = SIMPLEQ_FIRST(head);				\
	    (var) != SIMPLEQ_END(head);					\
	    (var) = SIMPLEQ_NEXT(var, field))

/*
 * Simple queue functions.
 */
 //简单队列初始化
#define	SIMPLEQ_INIT(head) do {						\
	(head)->sqh_first = NULL;					\
	(head)->sqh_last = &(head)->sqh_first;				\
} while (0)

//简单队列头插入元素
#define SIMPLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) do {			\
	if (((elm)->field.sqe_next = (head)->sqh_first) == NULL)	\
		(head)->sqh_last = &(elm)->field.sqe_next;		\
	(head)->sqh_first = (elm);					\
} while (0)

//简单队列尾插入元素
#define SIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.sqe_next = NULL;					\
	*(head)->sqh_last = (elm);					\
	(head)->sqh_last = &(elm)->field.sqe_next;			\
} while (0)

//简单队列元素后插入元素
#define SIMPLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, listelm, elm, field) do {		\
	if (((elm)->field.sqe_next = (listelm)->field.sqe_next) == NULL)\
		(head)->sqh_last = &(elm)->field.sqe_next;		\
	(listelm)->field.sqe_next = (elm);				\
} while (0)

//队列头部删除元素
#define SIMPLEQ_REMOVE_HEAD(head, elm, field) do {			\
	if (((head)->sqh_first = (elm)->field.sqe_next) == NULL)	\
		(head)->sqh_last = &(head)->sqh_first;			\
} while (0)

4、尾队列

尾队列中主要包含队列头插入，尾插入，元素后插入，元素前插入，元素删除，元素替换。libevent中用到的队列其实也是尾队列

/*
 * Tail queue definitions.
 */
 //尾队列头定义，其中tqh_last表示最后一个元素的地址
#define TAILQ_HEAD(name, type)						\
struct name {								\
	struct type *tqh_first;	/* first element */			\
	struct type **tqh_last;	/* addr of last next element */		\
}

//队列初始化
#define TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(head)					\
	{ NULL, &(head).tqh_first }

//队列元素定义
#define TAILQ_ENTRY(type)						\
struct {								\
	struct type *tqe_next;	/* next element */			\
	struct type **tqe_prev;	/* address of previous next element */	\
}

/*
 * tail queue access methods
 */
#define	TAILQ_FIRST(head)		((head)->tqh_first)   //队列中的第一个元素
#define	TAILQ_END(head)			NULL				//队列结束
#define	TAILQ_NEXT(elm, field)		((elm)->field.tqe_next) //队列中当前元素的下一个元素
#define TAILQ_LAST(head, headname)					\   //两级队列，即第一队列中的每一个元素又是一个队列
	(*(((struct headname *)((head)->tqh_last))->tqh_last))
/* XXX */
#define TAILQ_PREV(elm, headname, field)				\
	(*(((struct headname *)((elm)->field.tqe_prev))->tqh_last))
#define	TAILQ_EMPTY(head)						\   //队列是否为空
	(TAILQ_FIRST(head) == TAILQ_END(head))  

//队列遍历
#define TAILQ_FOREACH(var, head, field)					\  
	for((var) = TAILQ_FIRST(head);					\
	    (var) != TAILQ_END(head);					\
	    (var) = TAILQ_NEXT(var, field))

//二级队列遍历
#define TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(var, head, headname, field)		\
	for((var) = TAILQ_LAST(head, headname);				\
	    (var) != TAILQ_END(head);					\
	    (var) = TAILQ_PREV(var, headname, field))

/*
 * Tail queue functions.
 */
 //队列初始化
#define	TAILQ_INIT(head) do {						\
	(head)->tqh_first = NULL;					\
	(head)->tqh_last = &(head)->tqh_first;				\
} while (0)

//队列头插入元素
#define TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) do {			\
	if (((elm)->field.tqe_next = (head)->tqh_first) != NULL)	\
		(head)->tqh_first->field.tqe_prev =			\
		    &(elm)->field.tqe_next;				\
	else								\
		(head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next;		\
	(head)->tqh_first = (elm);					\
	(elm)->field.tqe_prev = &(head)->tqh_first;			\
} while (0)

//队列尾插入元素
#define TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.tqe_next = NULL;					\
	(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (head)->tqh_last;			\
	*(head)->tqh_last = (elm);					\
	(head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next;			\
} while (0)

//队列元素后插入元素
#define TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, listelm, elm, field) do {		\
	if (((elm)->field.tqe_next = (listelm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL)\
		(elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev =			\
		    &(elm)->field.tqe_next;				\
	else								\
		(head)->tqh_last = &(elm)->field.tqe_next;		\
	(listelm)->field.tqe_next = (elm);				\
	(elm)->field.tqe_prev = &(listelm)->field.tqe_next;		\
} while (0)


//队列元素前插入
#define	TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(listelm, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (listelm)->field.tqe_prev;		\
	(elm)->field.tqe_next = (listelm);				\
	*(listelm)->field.tqe_prev = (elm);				\
	(listelm)->field.tqe_prev = &(elm)->field.tqe_next;		\
} while (0)

//队列元素删除
#define TAILQ_REMOVE(head, elm, field) do {				\
	if (((elm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL)				\
		(elm)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev =			\
		    (elm)->field.tqe_prev;				\
	else								\
		(head)->tqh_last = (elm)->field.tqe_prev;		\
	*(elm)->field.tqe_prev = (elm)->field.tqe_next;			\
} while (0)

//队列元素替换
#define TAILQ_REPLACE(head, elm, elm2, field) do {			\
	if (((elm2)->field.tqe_next = (elm)->field.tqe_next) != NULL)	\
		(elm2)->field.tqe_next->field.tqe_prev =		\
		    &(elm2)->field.tqe_next;				\
	else								\
		(head)->tqh_last = &(elm2)->field.tqe_next;		\
	(elm2)->field.tqe_prev = (elm)->field.tqe_prev;			\
	*(elm2)->field.tqe_prev = (elm2);				\
} while (0)

5、环形队列

操作包含元素前插入， 元素后插入，头插入，尾接入，元素删除，元素替换

/*
 * Circular queue definitions.
 */
 //队列头定义
#define CIRCLEQ_HEAD(name, type)					\
struct name {								\
	struct type *cqh_first;		/* first element */		\
	struct type *cqh_last;		/* last element */		\
}

//队列头初始化
#define CIRCLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(head)					\
	{ CIRCLEQ_END(&head), CIRCLEQ_END(&head) }

//队列元素定义
#define CIRCLEQ_ENTRY(type)						\
struct {								\
	struct type *cqe_next;		/* next element */		\
	struct type *cqe_prev;		/* previous element */		\
}

/*
 * Circular queue access methods
 */
#define	CIRCLEQ_FIRST(head)		((head)->cqh_first)   //环形队列中的第一个元素
#define	CIRCLEQ_LAST(head)		((head)->cqh_last)	//环形队列中的最后一个元素
#define	CIRCLEQ_END(head)		((void *)(head))
#define	CIRCLEQ_NEXT(elm, field)	((elm)->field.cqe_next)   //下一个元素
#define	CIRCLEQ_PREV(elm, field)	((elm)->field.cqe_prev)   //前一个元素
#define	CIRCLEQ_EMPTY(head)					\    //环形队列是否为空
	(CIRCLEQ_FIRST(head) == CIRCLEQ_END(head))

//环形队列遍历
#define CIRCLEQ_FOREACH(var, head, field)				\
	for((var) = CIRCLEQ_FIRST(head);				\
	    (var) != CIRCLEQ_END(head);					\
	    (var) = CIRCLEQ_NEXT(var, field))

//环形队列反向遍历		
#define CIRCLEQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(var, head, field)			\
	for((var) = CIRCLEQ_LAST(head);					\
	    (var) != CIRCLEQ_END(head);					\
	    (var) = CIRCLEQ_PREV(var, field))

/*
 * Circular queue functions.
 */
 //环形队列初始化
#define	CIRCLEQ_INIT(head) do {						\
	(head)->cqh_first = CIRCLEQ_END(head);				\
	(head)->cqh_last = CIRCLEQ_END(head);				\
} while (0)

//元素后插入
#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_AFTER(head, listelm, elm, field) do {		\
	(elm)->field.cqe_next = (listelm)->field.cqe_next;		\
	(elm)->field.cqe_prev = (listelm);				\
	if ((listelm)->field.cqe_next == CIRCLEQ_END(head))		\
		(head)->cqh_last = (elm);				\
	else								\
		(listelm)->field.cqe_next->field.cqe_prev = (elm);	\
	(listelm)->field.cqe_next = (elm);				\
} while (0)

//元素前插入
#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_BEFORE(head, listelm, elm, field) do {		\
	(elm)->field.cqe_next = (listelm);				\
	(elm)->field.cqe_prev = (listelm)->field.cqe_prev;		\
	if ((listelm)->field.cqe_prev == CIRCLEQ_END(head))		\
		(head)->cqh_first = (elm);				\
	else								\
		(listelm)->field.cqe_prev->field.cqe_next = (elm);	\
	(listelm)->field.cqe_prev = (elm);				\
} while (0)

//队列头插入
#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.cqe_next = (head)->cqh_first;			\
	(elm)->field.cqe_prev = CIRCLEQ_END(head);			\
	if ((head)->cqh_last == CIRCLEQ_END(head))			\
		(head)->cqh_last = (elm);				\
	else								\
		(head)->cqh_first->field.cqe_prev = (elm);		\
	(head)->cqh_first = (elm);					\
} while (0)

//队列尾插入
#define CIRCLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, elm, field) do {			\
	(elm)->field.cqe_next = CIRCLEQ_END(head);			\
	(elm)->field.cqe_prev = (head)->cqh_last;			\
	if ((head)->cqh_first == CIRCLEQ_END(head))			\
		(head)->cqh_first = (elm);				\
	else								\
		(head)->cqh_last->field.cqe_next = (elm);		\
	(head)->cqh_last = (elm);					\
} while (0)

//元素删除
#define	CIRCLEQ_REMOVE(head, elm, field) do {				\
	if ((elm)->field.cqe_next == CIRCLEQ_END(head))			\
		(head)->cqh_last = (elm)->field.cqe_prev;		\
	else								\
		(elm)->field.cqe_next->field.cqe_prev =			\
		    (elm)->field.cqe_prev;				\
	if ((elm)->field.cqe_prev == CIRCLEQ_END(head))			\
		(head)->cqh_first = (elm)->field.cqe_next;		\
	else								\
		(elm)->field.cqe_prev->field.cqe_next =			\
		    (elm)->field.cqe_next;				\
} while (0)

//元素替换
#define CIRCLEQ_REPLACE(head, elm, elm2, field) do {			\
	if (((elm2)->field.cqe_next = (elm)->field.cqe_next) ==		\
	    CIRCLEQ_END(head))						\
		(head).cqh_last = (elm2);				\
	else								\
		(elm2)->field.cqe_next->field.cqe_prev = (elm2);	\
	if (((elm2)->field.cqe_prev = (elm)->field.cqe_prev) ==		\
	    CIRCLEQ_END(head))						\
		(head).cqh_first = (elm2);				\
	else								\
		(elm2)->field.cqe_prev->field.cqe_next = (elm2);	\
} while (0)