写作相关-----电路专业术语及英文翻译
Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Eletrical Circuits
| 电路 |
electrical circuit |
电路模型 |
Circuit model |
| 电源 |
source |
负载 |
load |
| 导线 |
line |
开关 |
switch |
| 电荷 |
electric charge |
电流 |
current |
| 电压 |
voltage |
电位 |
potential |
| 电位升 |
potential rise |
电位降 |
potential drop |
| 电位差 |
potential difference |
参考点 |
Reference point |
| 线性电阻 |
linear resistance |
磁通链 |
magnetic flux linkage |
| 功率 |
power |
能量 |
energy |
| 电阻器 |
resistor |
电阻 |
resistance |
| 电动势 |
electromotive force （e.m.f ） |
伏安特性 |
u-i characteristic |
| 电导器 |
conductor |
电导 |
conductance |
| 电感器 |
inductor |
电感 |
inductance |
| 电容器 |
capacitor |
电容 |
capacitance |
| 欧姆定律 |
Ohm’s Law |
广义欧姆定律 |
generalized Ohm’s Law |
| 参考方向 |
reference direction |
电压极性 |
voltage polarity |
| 正极 |
positive polarity |
负极 |
negative polarity |
| 开路 |
open-circuit |
短路 |
short-circuit |
| 理想独立电压源 |
ideal independent voltage source |
实际电压源 |
physical source |
| 理想独立电流源 |
ideal independent current source |
理想受控源 |
ideal dependent / controlled source |
| 压控电压源 |
voltage controlled voltage source（VCVS） |
压控电流源 |
voltage controlled current source（VCCS） |
| 流控电压源 |
current controlled voltage source（CCVS） |
流控电流源 |
current controlled current source（CCCS） |
| 节点 |
node |
支路 |
branch |
| 回路 |
loop |
路径 |
path |
| 网孔 |
mesh |
网络 |
network |
| 基尔霍夫电流定律 |
Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL） |
基尔霍夫电压定律 |
Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL） |
| 闭合面 |
closed surface |
集总参数 |
lumped parameter |
| 集总（参数）电路 |
lumped circuit |
集总（参数）元件 |
lumped element |
| 分布参数 |
distributed parameter |
分布（参数）电路 |
distributed circuit |
| 直流 |
direct current（DC） |
交流 |
alternating current（AC） |
| 有源元件 |
active element |
无源元件 |
passive element |
| 无损电路 |
lossless circuit |
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Chapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistor circuits
| 端钮 |
terminal |
串联 |
series connection |
| 分压 |
voltage division |
并联 |
parallel connection |
| 分流 |
current division |
等效变换 |
equivalent transformation |
| 等效电阻 |
equivalent resistance |
入端电阻 |
input resistance |
| 最大功率传输定理 |
Maximum power transfer theorem |
Y-Δ变换 |
Wye-Delta transformation |
Chapter 3 methods of Analysis
| 节点法 |
node analysis / node voltage method |
支路电流法 |
branch current method |
| 回路电流法 |
loop analysis / loop current method |
外网孔 |
outer mesh |
| 网孔电流法 |
mesh analysis / mesh current method |
自导纳 |
self admittance |
| 互导纳 |
mutual admittance |
矩阵 |
matrix |
| 行 |
row |
列 |
column |
| 参考节点 |
reference node |
平面电路 |
planar circuit |
| 方程 |
equation |
消去法 |
elimination technique |
| 克莱姆法则 |
Cramer’s rule |
代入法 |
substitution method |
| 运算放大器 |
operational amplifier(op amp) |
同向输入端 |
noninverting input |
| 反向输入端 |
inverting input |
输出端 |
output |
| 等效电路模型 |
equivalent circuit model |
开环放大倍数 |
open-loop gain |
| 闭环放大倍数 |
closed-loop gain |
入端电阻 |
input resistance |
| 输出电阻 |
output resistance |
线性工作区 |
linear region |
| 正向饱和区 |
positive saturation |
反向饱和区 |
negative saturation |
| 同向放大器 |
noninverting amplifier |
反向放大器 |
inverting amplifier |
| 加法器 |
summing amplifier / summer |
积分器 |
integrator |
| 微分器 |
differentiator |
自激振荡 |
self-excited oscillation |
Chapter 4 Circuit Theorems
| 叠加原理 |
superposition theorem |
齐性原理 |
homogeneity property |
| 输入/激励 |
input / excitation |
输出/响应 |
output / response |
| 线性电路 |
linear circuit |
代数和 |
algebraic sum |
| 替代定理 |
substitution theorem |
戴维南定理 |
Thevenin’s theorem |
| 诺顿定理 |
Norton’s theorem |
二端网络 |
two-terminal circuit |
| 开路电压 |
open-circuit voltage |
短路电流 |
short-circuit current |
| 特勒根定理 |
Tellegen’s theorem |
功率平衡定理 |
power-balancing theorem |
| 互易定理 |
reciprocal theorem |
对偶原理 |
principle of duality |
| 对偶元件 |
dual element |
对偶图 |
dual graph |
| 对偶电路 |
dual circuit |
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Chapter 5 Analysis of Op Amp Circuits
| 运算放大器 |
operational amplifier(op amp) |
同向输入端 |
noninverting input |
| 反向输入端 |
inverting input |
输出端 |
output |
| 等效电路模型 |
equivalent circuit model |
开环放大倍数 |
open-loop gain |
| 闭环放大倍数 |
closed-loop gain |
入端电阻 |
input resistance |
| 输出电阻 |
output resistance |
线性工作区 |
linear region |
| 正向饱和区 |
positive saturation |
反向饱和区 |
negative saturation |
| 同向放大器 |
noninverting amplifier |
反向放大器 |
inverting amplifier |
| 加法器 |
summing amplifier / summer |
积分器 |
integrator |
| 微分器 |
differentiator |
自激振荡 |
self-excited oscillation |
Chapter 6 First-order Circuit
| 动态电路 |
dynamic circuit |
一阶电路 |
first-order circuit |
| 一阶微分方程 |
first-order differential equation |
过渡过程 |
transient process/ transient |
| 线性非时变电路 |
linear time-invaried circuit |
单位阶跃函数 |
unit step function |
| 单位冲激函数 |
unit impulse function |
单位斜坡函数 |
unit ramp function |
| 起始条件 |
initial condition |
起始值 |
initial value |
| 换路定则 |
switch law |
零输入响应 |
zero-input response |
| 零状态响应 |
zero-state response |
稳态响应 |
steady-state response |
| 暂态响应 |
transient response |
时间常数 |
time constant |
| 指数函数 |
exponential function |
冲激响应 |
impulse response |
| 阶跃响应 |
step response |
自由响应 |
natural response |
| 自由分量 |
natural component |
强迫响应 |
forced response |
| 强制分量 |
forced component |
全响应 |
complete response |
| 稳态值 |
final value |
卷积 |
convolution |
| 时域延迟 |
time delay |
换路 |
switching |
| 跳变现象 |
jump phenomenon |
脉冲持续时间 |
pulse duration |
| 脉冲重复周期 |
repeating period of pulse |
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Chapter 7 Second-order Circuit
| 常系数微分方程 |
constant coefficients differential equation |
齐次微分方程 |
homogeneous differential equation |
| 二阶电路 |
second-order circuit |
特征方程 |
characteristic equation |
| 特征根 |
characteristic root |
特征值 |
eigenvalue |
| 特征向量 |
eigenvector |
特解 |
particular solution |
| 通解 |
general solution |
自然频率 |
natural frequency |
| 衰减系数 |
damping factor |
谐振频率 |
resonant frequency |
| 过阻尼情况 |
overdamped case |
欠阻尼情况 |
underdamped case |
| 临界情况 |
critically damped case |
固有频率 |
natural frequency |
| 衰减振荡 |
damped oscillation |
无损 |
lossless |
| 正弦响应 |
sinusoidal response |
波形 |
waveform |
| 复数 |
complex |
衰减 |
attenuation |
Chapter 8-9 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis
| 复数 |
complex number |
幅值 |
amplitude / magnitude |
| 相位 |
phase |
相位差 |
phase difference |
| 角频率 |
angular frequency |
周期 |
period |
| 频率 |
frequency |
正弦的 |
sinusoidal |
| 初相角 |
initial phase angle |
瞬时值 |
instantaneous value |
| 最大值 |
maximum |
有效值 |
effective value / root-mean-square value |
| u 领先 i φ |
u leads i by φ |
u 落后 i φ |
u lags i by φ |
| 同相 |
in phase |
反相 |
opposite in phase |
| 实部 |
real part |
虚部 |
imaginary part |
| 直角坐标形式 |
rectangular form |
极坐标形式 |
polar form |
| 指数形式 |
exponential form |
相量 |
phasor |
| 参考相量 |
reference phasor |
旋转相量 |
rotating phasor |
| 电压三角形 |
voltage triangle |
瞬时功率 |
instantaneous power |
| 平均功率 |
average power |
阻抗 |
impedance |
| 阻抗角 |
impedance angle |
阻抗三角形 |
impedance triangle |
| 导纳 |
admittance |
电抗 |
reactance |
| 电纳 |
suspectance |
感性 |
inductive |
| 感抗 |
inductive reactance |
感纳 |
inductive suspectance |
| 容性 |
capacitive |
容抗 |
capacitive reactance |
| 容纳 |
capacitive suspectance |
正弦稳态响应 |
sinusoidal steady-state response |
| 时域 |
time-domain |
相量域 |
phasor-domain |
| 瞬时概率 |
instantaneous power |
视在/表观功率 |
apparent power |
| 功率因数 |
power factor (pf) |
复功率 |
complex power |
| 功率三角形 |
power triangle |
复共轭 |
complex conjugate |
| 有功分量 |
active component |
有功功率 |
active power |
| 无功分量 |
reactive component |
功率守恒定理 |
theorem of conservation of power |
| 无功功率 |
reactive power |
阻抗匹配 |
impedence matching |
| 共轭匹配 |
conjugate matching |
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| 串联谐振 |
series resonance |
并联谐振 |
parallel resonance |
| 谐振频率 |
resonance frequency |
品质因数 |
quality factor |
| 特性阻抗 |
characteristic impedence |
频率响应 |
frequency response |
| 选择性 |
selectivity |
选频特性 |
frequency-selection characteristic |
Chapter 10 Magnetically Coupled Circuits
| 耦合 |
couple |
互感 |
mutual inductance |
| 自感 |
self-inductance |
磁通 |
magnetic flux |
| 线圈 |
coil |
铁心线圈 |
iron core coil |
| 匝数 |
turn |
耦合系数 |
coupling coefficient |
| 变压器 |
transformer |
空心变压器 |
air-core transformer |
| 原边 |
primary coils / windings |
副边 |
secondary coils / windings |
| 引入阻抗 |
reflected impendence |
理想变压器 |
ideal transformer |
| 全耦合 |
unity coupling coefficient |
全耦合变压器 |
perfect coupling transformer |
| 变比 |
turns ratio / transformation ratio |
自耦合变压器 |
auto transformer |
| 多绕组变压器 |
multiple-winding transformer |
激磁电感 |
magnetizing inductance |
| 右螺旋定则 |
right-hand screw rule |
漏感 |
leakage inductance |
| 同名端 |
dotted terminal |
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Chapter 11 Three-phase Circuits
| 对称三相电路 |
symmetrical three-phase circuit |
三相电源 |
three-phase sources |
| 中线 |
neutral line |
中性点 |
neutral point |
| 三相四线制 |
three-phase four-wire system |
相电压 |
phase voltage |
| 线电压 |
line voltage |
相序 |
phase sequence |
| 正序 |
positive / abc sequence |
负序 |
negative / acb sequence |
| 相电流 |
phase current |
线电流 |
line current |
Chapter 12 Steady-State Response of Periodic Excitation
| 信号 |
signal |
周期函数 |
periodic function |
| 周期性非正弦激励 |
nonsinusoidal periodic excitation |
帕斯瓦尔定理 |
Parseval’s theorem |
| 指数形式的付里叶级数 |
exponential Fourier series |
付里叶系数 |
Fourier coefficient |
| 基波 |
fundamental harmonic |
基波频率 |
fundamental frequency |
| 谐波 |
harmonic wave |
高次谐波 |
higher harmonic |
| 频谱 |
frequency spectrum |
谱线 |
spectrum line |
| 线状频谱 |
line spectrum |
奇次谐波 |
oddharmonic |
| 偶次谐波 |
even harmonic |
奇对称 |
odd symmetry |
| 偶对称 |
even symmetry |
半波对称 |
half-wave symmetry |
| 三角形式的付里叶级数 |
trigometric Fourier series |
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Chapter 15 State Variables Approach
| 状态变量 |
state variable |
状态方程 |
state equation |
| 输出方程 |
output equation |
状态空间 |
state space |
| 列向量 |
column vector |
特征值 |
characteristic value |
| 特征向量 |
characteristicvector |
特征方程 |
characteristicequation |
| 相似矩阵 |
similar matrix |
状态转移矩阵 |
state transition matrix |
Chapter 16 Two-port Networks
| 二端口网络 |
two-port network / two-port |
端口 |
port |
| 四端网络 |
four-terminal network / quadripole |
Z参数 |
impedence parameters |
| Y参数 |
admittance parameters |
H参数 |
hybrid parameters |
| T参数 |
transmission parameters |
短路导纳 |
short admittance |
| 开路阻抗 |
open impedance |
策动点 |
driving point |
| （二端口）级联 |
cascade connection |
传播常数 |
transmission constant |
| 衰减系数 |
attenuation constant |
相位系数 |
phase constant |
| 回转器 |
gyrator |
复合二端口 |
composite two-port |
Chapter 17 Nonlinear circuit
| 非线性电路 |
nonlinear circuit |
非线性元件 |
nonlinear element |
| 压控电阻 |
voltage-controlled resistor |
流控电阻 |
current-controlled resistor |
| 工作点 |
operating point |
静态电阻 |
static resistance |
| 动态电阻 |
dynamic resistance |
小信号分析 |
small-signal analysis |
| 小信号模型 |
small-signal mode |
分段线性化法 |
piece-wise linear method |
| 数值解法 |
numerical analysis |
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