Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之ElasticSearch API 实现CRUD

系列文章

  • Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之ElasticSearch概述
  • Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之安装Elasticsearch
  • Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之ElasticSearch倒排索引和分词器
  • Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之ElasticSearch API 实现CRUD
  • Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之什么是Mapping
  • Elasticsearch 6 入门教程之查询语法(查询详解)

用ElasticSearch API 实现CRUD

添加索引:

PUT /lib/
{
	"settings":{
	"index":{  
		"number_of_shards": 5,
        "number_of_replicas": 1
    }    
  }
}

查看索引信息:

  • GET /lib/_settings
  • GET _all/_settings

添加文档:

PUT /lib/user/1
{ 
    "first_name" : "Jane",
    "last_name" :   "Smith",
    "age" :         32,
    "about" :       "I like to collect rock albums",
    "interests":  [ "music" ]
}

POST /lib/user/
{     
    "first_name" : "Douglas",
    "last_name" :   "Fir",
    "age" :         23,
    "about":        "I like to build cabinets",
    "interests":  [ "forestry" ]
}

查看文档:

  • GET /lib/user/1
  • GET /lib/user/
  • GET /lib/user/1?_source=age,interests

更新文档:

PUT /lib/user/1
{ 
	"first_name" : "Jane",
	"last_name" :   "Smith",
	"age" :         36,
	"about" :       "I like to collect rock albums",
	"interests":  [ "music" ]
}

POST /lib/user/1/_update
{
	"doc":{
		"age":33
	}
}

删除一个文档

  • DELETE /lib/user/1

删除一个索引

  • DELETE /lib

批量获取文档

使用es提供的Multi Get API:

使用Multi Get API可以通过索引名、类型名、文档id一次得到一个文档集合,文档可以来自同一个索引库,也可以来自不同索引库

使用curl命令:

curl 'http://192.168.25.131:9200/_mget' -d '{
"docs":[
	{
		"_index": "lib",
		"_type": "user",
		"_id": 1
	},
	{
		"_index": "lib",
		"_type": "user",
		"_id": 2
	}
]}'

在客户端工具中:

GET /_mget
{
    "docs":[   
    {
        "_index": "lib",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": 1
   },
   {
        "_index": "lib",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": 2
   },
   {
        "_index": "lib",
        "_type": "user",
        "_id": 3
   }]
}

可以指定具体的字段:

GET /_mget
{
    "docs":[   
   {
       "_index": "lib",
       "_type": "user",
       "_id": 1,
       "_source": "interests"
   },
   {
       "_index": "lib",
       "_type": "user",
       "_id": 2,
       "_source": ["age","interests"]
   }]
}

获取同索引同类型下的不同文档:

GET /lib/user/_mget
{
    "docs":[   
   {
       "_id": 1
   },
   {
       "_type": "user",
       "_id": 2,
   }]
}

GET /lib/user/_mget
{
    "ids": ["1","2"]
}

使用Bulk API 实现批量操作

bulk的格式:

  • {action:{metadata}}\n
  • {requstbody}\n
  • action:(行为)
  • create:文档不存在时创建
  • update:更新文档
  • index:创建新文档或替换已有文档
  • delete:删除一个文档
  • metadata:_index,_type,_id
  • create 和index的区别

如果数据存在,使用create操作失败,会提示文档已经存在,使用index则可以成功执行。

示例:

  • {"delete":{"_index":"lib","_type":"user","_id":"1"}}

批量添加:

  • POST /lib2/books/_bulk
  • {"index":{"_id":1}}
  • {"title":"Java","price":55}
  • {"index":{"_id":2}}
  • {"title":"Html5","price":45}
  • {"index":{"_id":3}}
  • {"title":"Php","price":35}
  • {"index":{"_id":4}}
  • {"title":"Python","price":50}

批量获取:

  • GET /lib2/books/_mget {
  • "ids": ["1","2","3","4"] }

删除:没有请求体

  • POST /lib2/books/_bulk
  • {"delete":{"_index":"lib2","_type":"books","_id":4}}
  • {"create":{"_index":"tt","_type":"ttt","_id":"100"}}
  • {"name":"lisi"}
  • {"index":{"_index":"tt","_type":"ttt"}}
  • {"name":"zhaosi"}
  • {"update":{"_index":"lib2","_type":"books","_id":"4"}}
  • {"doc":{"price":58}}

bulk一次最大处理多少数据量:

bulk会把将要处理的数据载入内存中,所以数据量是有限制的,最佳的数据量不是一个确定的数值,它取决于你的硬件,你的文档大小以及复杂性,你的索引以及搜索的负载。

一般建议是1000-5000个文档,大小建议是5-15MB,默认不能超过100M,可以在es的配置文件(即$ES_HOME下的config下的elasticsearch.yml)中。

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