testNG简易教程（含安装，注解，配置文件，测试报告等）
一、eclipse安装TestNG插件
1.在线安装
点击eclipse顶部菜单栏Help-->Install New SoftWare，再点击Add按钮，Name：testNG，Location：http://beust.com/eclipse，等几分钟后出现testNG复选框，勾选安装即可。
2.离线安装
a.下载testNG安装包：http://download.csdn.NET/detail/u012100968/9623613
b.将解压后的文件..\eclipse-testng离线包\features\目录下的文件夹org.testng.eclipse_6.9.8.201510130443放到eclipse安装路径下的features目录下
c.将解压后的文件..\eclipse-testng离线包\plugins\目录下的文件夹org.testng.eclipse_6.9.8.201510130443放到eclipse安装路径下的plugins目录下
d.重启eclipse，验证是否安装成功，new-->other-->TestNG-->TestNG class
二、常见注解及xml配置项
1.注解：新建TestNG class的时候，可以看到有这些注解，百度了一下，发现解释都非常拗口难懂，我们用代码测试下：
a.单个TestNG class中，各个被注解方法的执行顺序：
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
/**
* 各注解方法执行顺序
*
* */
public class NewTest01 {
@Test
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 f01...");
}
@Test
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 f02...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeSuite...");
}
}
控制台输出：
测试结论：
单个TestNG class中，各注解方法的执行顺序为：
beforeSuite->beforeTest->beforeClass->beforeMethod->测试方法->afterMethod->beforeMethod->下一个测试方法->afterMethod->afterClass->afterTest->afterSuite
从此我们大概可以看出各注解方法的作用域：beforeSuite和afterSuite是作用于测试套件 suite；beforeTest和afterTest是作用于test；beforeClass和afterClass是作用于测试类class；beforeMethod和afterMethod是作用于测试类中单个方法；
但是，除了beforeMethod和afterMehtod我们可以确定，是作用于单个class中的被@Test注解的测试方法外，其他的几个注解，我们并不清楚在多个测试suite，test，class批量执行是什么样的顺序。
b.多个测试suite,test,class批量执行，各个被注解方法的执行顺序
准备四个测试类：
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
public class NewTest01 {
@Test
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 f01...");
}
@Test
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 f02...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest01 beforeSuite...");
}
}
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class NewTest02 {
@Test
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f01...");
}
@Test
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f02...");
}
@Test
public void f03() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f03...");
}
@Test
public void f04() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f04...");
}
@Test
public void f05() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f05...");
}
@Test
public void f06() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f06...");
}
public void f07() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f07...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeSuite...");
}
}
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
public class NewTest03 {
@Test
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 f01...");
}
@Test
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 f02...");
}
@Test
public void f03() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 f03...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeSuite...");
}
}
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
public class NewTest04 {
@Test
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 f01...");
}
@Test
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 f02...");
}
@Test
public void f03() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 f03...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest04 beforeSuite...");
}
}
准备第一个xml文件，suite1.xml，该xml文件中，NewTest01和NewTest02属于同一个test节点；NewTest03为另一个test节点：
第二个xml文件，suite2.xml，这样，就有两个suite了：
批量执行suite的xml文件，allSuite.xml，该xml文件执行suite1及suite2两个xml文件：
执行结果：
测试结论：
beforeSuite和afterSuite被suite节点分割，单个suite节点内的所有beforeSuite方法先于其他所有方法执行，afterSuite后于其他所有方法执行；
beforeTest和afterTest被test节点分割，单个test节点内所有beforeTest方法先于其他方法执行，afterTest方法后于其他方法执行；
beforeClass和afterClass被class节点分割，以此形成闭环。
以上，是按我个人理解总结概述的，可能有点难理解，有时间的童鞋可以自己测试下，就很明白了。
c.忽略（禁用）测试，不想被执行的用例，可用@Test(enabled = false)来禁用该用例
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class NewTest02 {
/**
* enabled = false 表示用例尚未准备好，不会被执行
*
* */
@Test(groups = {"systemTest"},enabled = false)
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f01...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeSuite...");
}
}
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class NewTest02 {
@Test(groups = {"systemTest"})
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f02...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest"},dependsOnMethods="f02")
/**
* dependsOnMethods 测试用例之间存在依赖关系,f03执行之前，会先执行所依赖的f02测试方法
*
* */
public void f03() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f03...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeSuite...");
}
}
2.配置文件
上面已经粗略的涉及到xml配置文件的使用，这里再细化一点，列举一些常用的测试配置项，某些xml配置是要结合代码注解来使用的
a.通过methods标签指定要执行的测试方法
b.按组测试，测试中可能会将用例分组，这样，我们就需要按组来测试
在测试类中注解@Test(groups = {"systemTest03"})
NewTest02:
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class NewTest02 {
@Test(groups = {"systemTest"})
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f01...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest"})
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f02...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest"})
public void f03() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f03...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest01"})
public void f04() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f04...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest01"})
public void f05() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f05...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest01"})
public void f06() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f06...");
}
public void f07() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 f07...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest02 beforeSuite...");
}
}NewTest03:
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
public class NewTest03 {
@Test(groups = {"systemTest03"})
public void f01() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 f01...");
}
@Test(groups = {"systemTest03"})
public void f02() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 f02...");
}
@Test
public void f03() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 f03...");
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeMethod...");
}
@AfterMethod
public void afterMethod() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterMethod...");
}
@BeforeTest
public void beforeTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeTest...");
}
@AfterTest
public void afterTest() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterTest...");
}
@BeforeClass
public void beforeClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeClass...");
}
@AfterClass
public void afterClass() {
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterClass...");
}
@AfterSuite
public void afterSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 afterSuite...");
}
@BeforeSuite
public void beforeSuite(){
System.out.println("this is NewTest03 beforeSuite...");
}
}
xml文件：以下配置会执行NewTest02，NewTest03中的@Test(groups = {"systemTest03"})及@Test(groups = {"systemTest"})的所有测试方法。
c.XML实现参数化
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestNGDataFromXMl {
@Test
@Parameters({"param01","param02"})
public void xmlDataTest01(String param01,String param02) {
System.out.println("param01=" + param01 + "----param02=" + param02);
}
@Test
@Parameters({"param03","param04"})
public void xmlDataTest02(String param03,String param04) {
System.out.println("param03=" + param03 + "----param04=" + param04);
}
}
另外，xml参数化的优势在于代码和测试数据分离，方便维护，但是缺点是难以定义较复杂的参数，此时我们可能需要另一种参数化的方式：@ DataProvider
package com.etyero.testcase;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class TestNGDataFromDataProvider {
@DataProvider(name = "data1")
// 通过dataProvider参数化测试数据，必须返回Object[][],name用作引用
public Object[][] createData01() {
return new Object[][] { { "A", "a1", "a2" }, { "B", "b1", "b2" }, { "C", "c1", "c2" } };
}
@DataProvider(name = "data2")
//可以定义多组参数化数据
public Object[][] createData02() {
return new Object[][] { { "D", "d1", "d2" }, { "E", "e1", "e2" }, { "F", "f1", "f2" } };
}
@Test(dataProvider = "data1")
public void dataProviderTest01(String name, String name1, String name2) {
// 会自动循环取出data1所有的参数
System.out.println("name=" + name + "----name1=" + name1 + "----name2=" + name2);
}
@Test(dataProvider = "data1")
//同一组参数化数据可以被多个测试方法引用
public void dataProviderTest02(String name, String name1, String name2) {
System.out.println("name=" + name + "----name1=" + name1 + "----name2=" + name2);
}
@Test(dataProvider = "data2")
public void dataProviderTest03(String name, String name1, String name2) {
System.out.println("name=" + name + "----name1=" + name1 + "----name2=" + name2);
}
}
三、测试报告
执行完TestNG用例后，会默认在工程的test-output（默认目录）下生成测试报告，没有的童鞋执行完刷新一下就好了。
默认的测试报告如下，样式较为简陋，但基本信息都有，可以自己点吧点吧，看看报告的各种信息，在此不做赘述
现在我们来用testng-xslt做些美化：
1、下载testng-xslt包，http://testng-xslt.googlecode.com/files/testng-xslt-1.1.zip，也可到我的网盘下载：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qXUwZUG
2、复制testng-results.xsl（testng-xslt-1.1\src\main\resources）文件到test-output目录下
3、复制saxon-8.7.jar（testng-xslt-1.1\lib）文件到project的lib目录下（没有的话，自己新建，一般是用来放project所需的各种jar包）
4、安装ant并配置好环境变量
5、在project目录下，新建build.xml文件，内容如下：
2、复制testng-results.xsl（testng-xslt-1.1\src\main\resources）文件到test-output目录下
3、复制saxon-8.7.jar（testng-xslt-1.1\lib）文件到project的lib目录下（没有的话，自己新建，一般是用来放project所需的各种jar包）
4、安装ant并配置好环境变量
5、在project目录下，新建build.xml文件，内容如下：
cmd进入到build.xml所在目录，ant transform(这个为xml文件中的target name，要对应)，执行完后，打开对应的html，效果如图：
以上，为TestNG从安装到使用的一个简易教程。