Swift—UITextView的常见用法

1、UITextView的创建及基本属性设置#####
//创建UITextView对象
textView = UITextView(frame:CGRectMake(10.0, 120.0, 300.0, 200.0))

//背景颜色设置
textView.backgroundColor = UIColor.grayColor()

//添加到视图上
self.view.addSubview(textView)

//设置textview里面的字体颜色
textView.textColor = UIColor.greenColor()

//设置文本字体
textView.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(18);//使用系统默认字体,指定14号字号
textView.font = UIFont(name: "Helvetica-Bold", size: 18)//指定字体,指定字号

//设置它的背景颜色
textView.backgroundColor = UIColor.grayColor()

//设置显示内容
textView.text ="哈喽,大家好,我是见哥"

//文本对齐方式
textView.textAlignment = .left
其中UITextField的文本的对齐方式有:
public enum NSTextAlignment : Int {
    case left // Visually left aligned
    case center // Visually centered
    case right // Visually right aligned
    /* !TARGET_OS_IPHONE */
    // Visually right aligned
    // Visually centered  
    case justified // Fully-justified. The last line in a paragraph is natural-aligned.
    case natural // Indicates the default alignment for script
}

//文本视图设置圆角
textView.layer.cornerRadius = 20
textView.layer.masksToBounds = true

//是否允许点击链接和附件
textView.isSelectable = false
textView.isSelectable = true

//是否允许进行编辑
textview.isEditable = false
textview.isEditable = true

//返回键的类型
textView.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyType.Done
键盘的返回键类型:
public enum UIReturnKeyType : Int {  
    case `default`
    case go
    case google
    case join
    case next
    case route
    case search
    case send
    case yahoo
    case done
    case emergencyCall
    @available(iOS 9.0, *)
    case `continue`
}

//键盘类型
textView.keyboardType = UIKeyboardType.Default
键盘的类型也是比较多的
public enum UIKeyboardType : Int {
    case `default` // Default type for the current input method.
    case asciiCapable // Displays a keyboard which can enter ASCII characters
    case numbersAndPunctuation // Numbers and assorted punctuation.
    case URL // A type optimized for URL entry (shows . / .com prominently).
    case numberPad // A number pad with locale-appropriate digits (0-9, ۰-۹, ०-९, etc.). Suitable for PIN entry.
    case phonePad // A phone pad (1-9, *, 0, #, with letters under the numbers).
    case namePhonePad // A type optimized for entering a person's name or phone number.
    case emailAddress // A type optimized for multiple email address entry (shows space @ . prominently).
    @available(iOS 4.1, *)
    case decimalPad // A number pad with a decimal point.
    @available(iOS 5.0, *)
    case twitter // A type optimized for twitter text entry (easy access to @ #)
    @available(iOS 7.0, *)
    case webSearch // A default keyboard type with URL-oriented addition (shows space . prominently).
    @available(iOS 10.0, *)
    case asciiCapableNumberPad // A number pad (0-9) that will always be ASCII digits.   
    public static var alphabet: UIKeyboardType { get } // Deprecated
}

//是否可以滚动
textView.scrollEnabled = true

//给文字中的网址和电话号码自动加上链接

textView.dataDetectorTypes = []  //都不加
textView.dataDetectorTypes = .phoneNumber //只有电话号码加
textView.dataDetectorTypes = .link //只有网址加
textView.dataDetectorTypes = .all  //电话和网址都加

//自适应高度
textView.autoresizingMask = UIViewAutoresizing.FlexibleHeight

//设置富文本
 var attributeString:NSMutableAttributedString=NSMutableAttributedString(string: "经常听到,押金不退,晚一天交房租,被讹了。网上报价不真实?经常被忽悠")

//设置字体颜色
attributeString.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.greenColor(), range: NSMakeRange(0, attributeString.length)) 

//文本所有字符字体HelveticaNeue-Bold,16号
attributeString.addAttribute(NSFontAttributeName, value: UIFont(name: "HelveticaNeue-Bold", size: 16)!, range: NSMakeRange(0, attributeString.length))       

//文本0开始5个字符字体HelveticaNeue-Bold,16号
attributeString.addAttribute(NSFontAttributeName, value: UIFont(name: "HelveticaNeue-Bold", size: 26)!, range: NSMakeRange(0, 5))

//设置字体颜色
attributeString.addAttribute(NSForegroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.whiteColor(), range: NSMakeRange(0, 3))

//设置文字背景颜色
attributeString.addAttribute(NSBackgroundColorAttributeName, value: UIColor.orangeColor(), range: NSMakeRange(3, 3))

//赋值富文本
textView.attributedText = attributeString

//选中一段文本
textView.becomeFirstResponder()
textView.selectedRange = NSMakeRange(30, 10)

//获取内容整体高度
var height:CGFloat = textView.contentSize.height

2、自定义菜单#####
//定义2个菜单选择
我们在看一些文档的时候,往往会出现这种情况,我们把手指长按这段文字或者图片...会弹出一个按钮选择菜单,比如:复制,粘贴等我们可以进行一些列的操作,我们可以在这个菜单上加上一些别的东西,例如:分享,邮件,微信等。

var menuItem1:UIMenuItem = UIMenuItem(title: "分享到微信", action: "shareWXMenu:")

var menuItem2:UIMenuItem = UIMenuItem(title: "分享到微博", action: "shareWBMenu:")

var menuController:UIMenuController = UIMenuController.sharedMenuController()

menuController.menuItems = [menuItem1,menuItem2]

//或者
//let mail = UIMenuItem(title: "邮件", action: #selector(ViewController.onMail))
        
//let weixin = UIMenuItem(title: "微信", action: #selector(ViewController.onWeiXin))
        
//let menu = UIMenuController()
        
//menu.menuItems = [mail,weixin]

实现效果如下图:


Swift—UITextView的常见用法_第1张图片
3、代理设置和一些相关方法的实现#####
textView.delegate = self  //指定代理对象

我们可以添加通知来监测UITextField所对应的不同的编辑状态
主要有以下状态:
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidBeginEditingNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSNotificationName const UITextViewTextDidEndEditingNotification;

其对应的通知添加为:

NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: "textDidBeginEditing", name: UITextViewTextDidBeginEditingNotification, object: nil)
NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: "textDidEndEditing", name: UITextViewTextDidEndEditingNotification, object: nil)
NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: "textDidChange", name: UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification, object: nil)

我们多制定对象实现了UITextViewDelegate并作为UITextView的代理就可以实现其所对应代理方法:

func textViewDidBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    //开始编辑时候出发
}

func textViewDidEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) {
    //结束编辑时候出发
}

func textViewShouldBeginEditing(_ textView: UITextView) -> Bool {
    return true //如果返回false,文本视图不能编辑
}

func textViewShouldEndEditing(_ textView: UITextView) -> Bool {
    return true //如果返回false,表示编辑结束之后,文本视图不可再编辑
}

func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldChangeTextIn range: NSRange, replacementText text: String) -> Bool {
    //文本视图内容改变时,触发本方法,如果是回车符号,则textView释放第一响应值,返回false
     if (text ==  "\n") {
         textView.resignFirstResponder()
         return false;
     }
     return true
}

func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
    //文本视图改变后触发本代理方法
}

func textViewDidChangeSelection(_ textView: UITextView) {
    //文本视图 改变选择内容,触发本代理方法
}

 func textView(textView: UITextView, shouldInteractWithURL URL: NSURL, inRange characterRange: NSRange) -> Bool
 {
    //链接在文本中显示。当链接被点击的时候,会触发本代理方法  
     return true
}
func textView(_ textView: UITextView, shouldInteractWith textAttachment: NSTextAttachment, in characterRange: NSRange, interaction: UITextItemInteraction) -> Bool {
    //文本视图允许提供文本附件,文本附件点击时,会触发本代理方法   return true
}
4、点击选中文字弹出按钮的显示######
override func canPerformAction(action:Selector,withSender sender: AnyObject?) -> Bool {
         
          //判断有没有选中文字,
          //如果选择,输出选择的文本
          var isSelect:Bool = textView.selectedRange.length > 0
          
          
         if(action == "shareWXMenu:" && isSelect)//选择文本,并点击分享到微信菜单
         {
             return true;
         }
         else if(action == "shareWBMenu:" && isSelect)//选择文本,并点击分享到微博菜单
         {
             
             return true;
         }
         
         return false; //不显示系统的菜单,改成true对比一下效果
     }

     //分享到微信
     func shareWXMenu(sender: AnyObject?)
     {
         if textView.selectedRange.length > 0 {
             println((textView.text as NSString).substringWithRange(textView.selectedRange))
         }
         
         println("这里实现 分享到微信 功能")
     }
     //分享到微博
     func shareWBMenu(sender: AnyObject?)
     {
         println("这里实现 分享到微博 功能")
     }

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