Debian小问题：sudo不能使用

Debian小问题：sudo不能使用

转自：http://snowolf.javaeye.com/blog/745997

文章分类:操作系统 今天本打算用Debian做负载均衡测试，结果发现：

引用

zlex@localhost:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install tomcat6

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for zlex:
zlex is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.

sudo不能使用？！顿时无语！
Google搜索无数，发现：
xxx is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.
linux默认没有为当前用户开启sudo权限！
切换到root用户：

su

su

修改 /etc/sudoers 文件编写权限：

chmod u+w /etc/sudoers

chmod u+w /etc/sudoers

编辑该文件：

vi /etc/sudoers

vi /etc/sudoers

将zlex    ALL=(ALL) ALL 加入其中：

引用

# /etc/sudoers
#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
#

Defaults        env_reset

# Host alias specification

# User alias specification

# Cmnd alias specification

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL) ALL
zlex    ALL=(ALL) ALL

# Uncomment to allow members of group sudo to not need a password
# (Note that later entries override this, so you might need to move
# it further down)
# %sudo ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL

还原/etc/sudoers 文件编写权限，并退出：

chmod u-w /etc/sudoers
exit

chmod u-w /etc/sudoers
exit

再次执行命令：

引用

zlex@localhost:~/Desktop$ sudo apt-get install tomcat6

We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:

    #1) Respect the privacy of others.
    #2) Think before you type.
    #3) With great power comes great responsibility.

[sudo] password for zlex:
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树      
正在读取状态信息... 完成      
E: 无法找到软件包 tomcat6

sudo终于可以用了！


有时候我们只需要执行一条root权限的命令也要su到root，是不是有些不方便？这时可以用sudo代替。

补充：
使用visudo命令 ，移动光标，找到root    ALL=(ALL)       ALL 一行，按a，进入append模式，输入your_user_name ALL=(ALL) ，然后按Esc，再输入:w保存文件，再:q退出。这样就把自己加入了sudo组，可以使用sudo命令了。

如果觉得在sudo的时候输入密码麻烦，把刚才的输入换成your_user_name ALL=(ALL)NOPASSWD: ALL