如何利用TreeSet实现数据的排序(Comparable、Comparator )

排序实际上针对的是对对象数组进行的排序处理,如果要对对象数组进行排序,对象所在的类一定要实现Comparable接口(可比较接口)并且覆写compareTo()方法,但如果这个类不是我们自己定义的,那就没办法比较了,所以这个方法很不灵活。
例:
Person.java

public class Person implements Comparable{
    private Integer age;
    private String name;

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Person o) {
        //按年龄升序排序
        return this.getAge() - o.getAge();
    }
}

TestTreeSet.java

import java.util.TreeSet;

public class TestTreeSet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person person1 = new Person();
        Person person2 = new Person();
        Person person3 = new Person();
        person1.setAge(20);
        person1.setName("Tonny");
        person2.setAge(25);
        person2.setName("Jack");
        person3.setAge(17);
        person3.setName("Calm");

        TreeSet treeSet = new TreeSet<>();
        treeSet.add(person1);
        treeSet.add(person2);
        treeSet.add(person3);
        //Person类实现可比较接口
        for(Person person : treeSet){
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }
}

输出结果:
如何利用TreeSet实现数据的排序(Comparable、Comparator )_第1张图片

更为灵活的方法是通过实现Comparator类来新建一个比较器,然后通过该比较器对类进行排序。
Comparator是比较器接口

在TreeSet构造方法中传入比较器接口实现类的对象有三种方式:匿名内部类、Lambda表达式、方法引用

例:匿名内部类法
Person.java

public class Person {
    private Integer age;
    private String name;

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

TestTreeSet.java

import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class TestTreeSet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person person1 = new Person();
        Person person2 = new Person();
        Person person3 = new Person();
        person1.setAge(20);
        person1.setName("Tonny");
        person2.setAge(25);
        person2.setName("Jack");
        person3.setAge(17);
        person3.setName("Calm");

        //TreeSet构造方法中传入比较器接口实现类的对象
        TreeSet treeSet = new TreeSet<>(new Comparator() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Person o1, Person o2) {
                return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
                }
                });
        treeSet.add(person1);
        treeSet.add(person2);
        treeSet.add(person3);
        for(Person person : treeSet){
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }
}

Lambda表达式法
Person.java

public class Person {
    private Integer age;
    private String name;

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

TestTreeSet.java

import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class TestTreeSet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person person1 = new Person();
        Person person2 = new Person();
        Person person3 = new Person();
        person1.setAge(20);
        person1.setName("Tonny");
        person2.setAge(25);
        person2.setName("Jack");
        person3.setAge(17);
        person3.setName("Calm");

        //TreeSet构造方法中传入比较器接口实现类的对象
        TreeSet treeSet = new TreeSet<>((o1, o2)->(o1.getAge() - o2.getAge()));
        treeSet.add(person1);
        treeSet.add(person2);
        treeSet.add(person3);
        for(Person person : treeSet){
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }
}

方法引用法
Person.java

public class Person {
    private Integer age;
    private String name;

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

TestTreeSet.java

import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.TreeSet;

public class TestTreeSet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person person1 = new Person();
        Person person2 = new Person();
        Person person3 = new Person();
        person1.setAge(20);
        person1.setName("Tonny");
        person2.setAge(25);
        person2.setName("Jack");
        person3.setAge(17);
        person3.setName("Calm");

        //TreeSet构造方法中传入比较器接口实现类的对象
        TreeSet treeSet = new TreeSet<>(TestTreeSet::compare);
        treeSet.add(person1);
        treeSet.add(person2);
        treeSet.add(person3);
        for(Person person : treeSet){
            System.out.println(person);
        }
    }
    public static int compare(Person o1, Person o2){
        return o1.getAge() - o2.getAge();
    }
}

如何利用TreeSet实现数据的排序(Comparable、Comparator )_第2张图片

Comparator与Comparable的区别
Comparable是排序接口,若一个类实现了Comparable接口,就;意味着“该类支持排序”。
而Comparator是比较器,若需要控制某个类的次序,可以建立一个“该类的比较器”来进行排序。
Comparator相当于一个“外部比较器”;Comparable相当于一个“内部比较器”。

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