Redhat红帽系统的yum修改成Contros的yum

Redhat红帽系统的yum修改成Contros的yum

redhat 默认自带的 yum 源需要注册，才能更新。我们想不花钱，需要替换掉redhat的yum源，最好是国内的源。

1、查看自带的yum软件包

[root@linuxprobe ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum
yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
yum-3.4.3-167.el7.centos.noarch
yum-langpacks-0.4.2-7.el7.noarch
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch
yum-utils-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch
yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch

这下面列出来的软件包，要记住一下，后面要根据其来搜索rpm包来安装新版本。比如”yum-utils”、”yum-langpacks”等等。

2、卸载这些安装包

rpm -qa | grep yum | xargs rpm -e --nodeps
rpm -qa |grep yum

[root@linuxprobe package]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
warning: /etc/yum.conf saved as /etc/yum.conf.rpmsave
warning: /etc/logrotate.d/yum saved as /etc/logrotate.d/yum.rpmsave
[root@linuxprobe package]# rpm -qa |grep yum
[root@linuxprobe package]#

3、保证上网正常

ping www.baidu.com

如果不能ping通百度则有可能需要配置路由：

查看路由表
route

增加默认路由
route add default gw 192.168.X.X # 和主机保持一致默认网关
注：删除默认路由 route del default gw 192.168.X.X

重启网卡
service network restart

4、进入以下网站下载对应的rpm包

阿里云网络源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
网易163网络源地址：http://mirrors.163.com/
CentOS网络源地址：http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/
使用CTRL+F输入关键字查找对应的安装包即可。

5、找到安装包后下载下来

由于输出结果较多，故省略，下面是指令

wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-167.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-53.el7.noarch.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-43.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm 
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-langpacks-0.4.2-7.el7.noarch.rpm 
wget  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch.rpm 

6、安装

输入指令rpm -ivh yum-*，遇到报错，依赖项问题。

[root@xhb Packages]# rpm -ivh yum-*
warning: yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    rpm >= 0:4.11.3-22 is needed by yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch

另外再回去找安装包下载下来：

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm

输入指令更新rpm：

rpm -Uvh rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

再次运行rpm -ivh yum-*，可以正常安装了。

[root@xhb Packages]# rpm -ivh yum-*
warning: yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 20%]
   2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-4################################# [ 40%]
   3:yum-3.4.3-154.el7.centos         ################################# [ 60%]
   4:yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-42.el7   ################################# [ 80%]
   5:yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7          ################################# [100%]

7、更新源

下面更新源即可使用CentOS yum源了

[root@node1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

8、更新缓存

8.1、更新缓存报错解决

[root@node1 ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-
              : manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404 - Not Found
Trying other mirror.
To address this issue please refer to the below knowledge base article 

https://access.redhat.com/articles/1320623

If above article doesn't help to resolve this issue please create a bug on https://bugs.centos.org/

http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/%24releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#7 - "Failed connect to mirrors.aliyuncs.com:80; No route to host"
Trying other mirror.

尝试CentOS-Base.repo内容更改为163的源

#CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$7 - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$7 - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$7 - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$7 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

8、之后运行yum clean all清除缓存

9、运行yum makecache从阿里云中加载仓库的metadata数据，生成缓存。

10、查看仓库的信息列表 yum repolist ，配置成功

11、验证是否成功

[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# yum install -y tree
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do
[root@linuxprobe yum.repos.d]# yum install -y vim
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Package 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.629-6.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

参考文档：
https://www.cnblogs.com/zhoujun007/articles/11624461.html
https://blog.csdn.net/hongbin_xu/article/details/79316614
https://blog.csdn.net/chengyuqiang/article/details/80077508
https://www.jianshu.com/p/47c1381e5780