监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器

博文目录

一、Nagios

1、Nagios介绍

2、Nagios主要功能

3、Nagios的作用

4、Nagios常见的监控状态

5、Nagios的原理

二、安装LAMP环境

三、安装Nagios

1、安装Nagios组件

2、配置Apache支持Nagios

3、配置SendMail邮件

四、Nagios监控Linux客户端

1、安装依赖程序

2、安装Nagios-plugins插件

3、安装NRPE插件

一、Nagios

1、Nagios介绍

Nagios是一款开源的免费网络监视工具,能有效监控Windows、Linux和Unix的主机状态,交换机路由器等网络设备,打印机等。在系统或服务状态异常时发出邮件或短信报警第一时间通知网站运维人员,在状态恢复后发出正常的邮件或短信通知。

2、Nagios主要功能

网络服务监控(SMTP、POP3、HTTP、NNTP、ICMP、SNMP、FTP、SSH);

主机资源监控(CPU load、disk usage、system logs),也包括Windows主机(使用NSClient++ plugin);

可以指定自己编写的Plugin通过网络收集数据来监控任何情况(温度、警告……);

可以通过配置Nagios远程执行插件远程执行脚本;

远程监控支持SSH或SSL加通道方式进行监控;

简单的plugin设计允许用户很容易的开发自己需要的检查服务,支持很多开发语言(shell scripts、C++、Perl、ruby、Python、PHP、C#等);

包含很多图形化数据Plugins(Nagiosgraph、Nagiosgrapher、PNP4Nagios等);

可并行服务检查;

能够定义网络主机的层次, 允许逐级检查, 就是从父主机开始向下检查;

当服务或主机出现问题时发出通告,可通过email, pager, sms 或任意用户自定义的plugin>
进行通知;

能够自定义事件处理机制重新激活出问题的服务或主机;

自动日志循环;

支持冗余监控;

包括Web界面可以查看当前网络状态,通知,问题历史,日志文件等。

3、Nagios的作用

监控计算机硬件;监控网络;支持邮件或者短信发送警报。

4、Nagios常见的监控状态

OK状态:运行正常状态显示颜色为绿色,监控级别0;

WARNING:警告状态,监控状态颜色为黄色,监控级别1;

CRITICL:出现故障或者严重问题,监控状态颜色为红色,监控级别2;

UNKNOWN:未知错误,监控状态颜色为深黄色,监控级别3;

5、Nagios的原理

1)Nagiosz依赖的组件

LAMP环境;
nrpe组件远程管理使用;

2)Nagios原理

Nagios执行check_nrpe插件通知或者检测计算机的服务或者进程;
将采集的进程状态保存到消息队列中;
通过Nagios图形化管理界面展示给用户;

二、安装LAMP环境

此环境用到的软件包及镜像请访问:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1Q0WoV7bBUYUB8F_JMtDaOw
提取码:b0ah

[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install httpd php mariadb mariadb-server php-mysql openssl-devel  
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.php   

[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl start httpd    
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl enable httpd  
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl start mariadb    
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl enable mariadb    
[root@centos01 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nagios   

[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxvf /mnt/nagios-4.0.1.tar.gz -C /usr/src/   
[root@centos01 ~]# cd /usr/src/nagios-4.0.1/   
[root@centos01 nagios-4.0.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios  
[root@centos01 nagios-4.0.1]# make all && make install && make install-init   
           
[root@centos01 nagios-4.0.1]# make install-commandmode && make install-config  
             
[root@centos01 ~]# chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios   
[root@centos01 ~]# chkconfig --add nagios    
[root@centos01 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 nagios on   

客户端访问php页面
监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器_第1张图片

三、安装Nagios

1、安装Nagios组件

[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxvf /mnt/nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz -C /usr/src/  
          
[root@centos01 ~]# cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-1.5/   
[root@centos01 nagios-plugins-1.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios   
                
[root@centos01 nagios-plugins-1.5]# make && make install
[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxvf /mnt/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz -C /usr/src/   
[root@centos01 ~]# cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.15/     
[root@centos01 nrpe-2.15]# ./configure && make all && make install-plugin  
         

2、配置Apache支持Nagios

[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf        
354 ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
355 
356 
357     Options ExecCGI
358     AllowOverride None
359     Order allow,deny
360     Allow from all
361     AuthName "Nagios Access"
362     AuthType Basic
363     AuthUserFile "/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users"
364     Require valid-user
365 
366 
367 Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
368 
369 
370     Options None
371     AllowOverride None
372     Order allow,deny
373     Allow from all
374     AuthName "Nagios Access"
375     AuthType Basic
376     AuthUserFile "/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users"
377     Require valid-user
378 
[root@centos01 ~]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin  
    
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart httpd    

3、配置SendMail邮件

[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxvf /mnt/sendEmail-v1.55.tar.gz   
[root@centos01 ~]# mv sendEmail-v1.55/sendEmail /usr/local/bin/   
      
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg   
  36 cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/conf
[root@centos01 ~]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/conf/  
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg   
239 define command{
240         command_name     notify-host-by-sendEmail
241         command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState    : $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail -o fqdn=FQND     -f [email protected] -t $CONTACTEMAIL$ -s smtp.qq.com -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" -xu 8214    09986 -xp hehe
242 
243 }
244 define command{
245         command_name    notify-service-by-sendEmail
246         command_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC    $\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOU    TPUT$\n" | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail -o fqdn=FQDN -f [email protected] -t $CONTACTEMAIL$ -s smtp.qq.com -u "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Se    rvice Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" -xu 2807489749 -xp hehe
247 }
248 define command{
249         command_name     check_nrpe
250         command_line    $USER1$/check_nrpe  -H  $HOSTADDRESS$  -c  $ARG1$
251 }
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg  
55 define contact{
 56         contact_name                            821409986
 57         alias                                   821409986
 58         service_notification_period             24x7
 59         host_notification_period                24x7
 60         service_notification_options            w,u,c,r
 61         host_notification_options               d,u,r
 62         service_notification_commands           notify-service-by-sendEmail
 63         host_notification_commands              notify-host-by-sendEmail
 64         email   [email protected]
 65 }
 66 define contactgroup{
 67         contactgroup_name       821409986
 68         alias                   Nagios admin
 69         members                 821409986
 70 }
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/conf/hostgroups.cfg   
define hostgroup{
        hostgroup_name                  web-server
        alias                           web-server
        members                         192.168.100.20    
}

[root@centos01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/conf/192.168.100.20.cfg   
define host{
        host_name                       192.168.100.20
        alias                           web-server
        address                         192.168.100.20
        check_command                   check-host-alive
        max_check_attempts              5
        check_period                            24x7
        notification_period                     24x7
        notification_options            d,u,r
        contact_groups                  821409986
}

define service{
        host_name                       192.168.100.20
        service_description             check-host-alive
        check_command                   check-host-alive
        max_check_attempts              3
        normal_check_interval           2
        retry_check_interval            2
        check_period                            24x7
#       notification                    web-server_interval 10
        notification_period                     24x7
        notification_options            w,u,c,r
        contact_groups                  821409986
}

define service{
        host_name                       192.168.100.20
        service_description             check-procs
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_total_procs
        max_check_attempts              3
        normal_check_interval           2
        retry_check_interval            2
        check_period                            24x7
        notification_interval           10
        notification_period                     24x7
        notification_options            w,u,c,r
        contact_groups                  821409986
}

define service{
        host_name                       192.168.100.20
        service_description             check-load
        check_command                   check_nrpe!check_load
        max_check_attempts              3
        normal_check_interval           2
        retry_check_interval            2
        check_period                            24x7
        notification_interval           10
        notification_period                     24x7
        notification_options            w,u,c,r
        contact_groups                  821409986
}
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart httpd   
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart nagios    

客户端访问nagios的WEB界面
监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器_第2张图片

四、Nagios监控Linux客户端

1、安装依赖程序

[root@centos02 ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel openssl    
[root@centos02 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nagios    

2、安装Nagios-plugins插件

[root@centos02 ~]# scp [email protected]:/mnt/nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz /root/  
          
[root@centos02 ~]# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz -C /usr/src/   
[root@centos02 ~]# cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-1.5/    
[root@centos02 nagios-plugins-1.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios    
[root@centos02 nagios-plugins-1.5]# make && make install   

3、安装NRPE插件

[root@centos02 ~]# scp [email protected]:/mnt/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz /root   
[root@centos02 ~]# tar zxvf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz -C /usr/src/   
[root@centos02 ~]# cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.15/   
[root@centos02 nrpe-2.15]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios   
[root@centos02 nrpe-2.15]# make all && make install-plugin && make install-daemon && make install-daemon-config   
[root@centos02 ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg   
81 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.100.10    

[root@centos02 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d 

客户端访问nagios的WEB界面
监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器_第3张图片

监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器_第4张图片

监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器_第5张图片

———————— 本文至此结束,感谢阅读 ————————

你可能感兴趣的:(监控三剑客之Nagios监控服务器)