华为IS-IS+BGP大型综合实验！！实验较复杂，观看要有准备！！！
文章目录
- 前言
- 一：环境
- 1.1：环境介绍
- 1.2：实验目的
- 1.3：实验拓扑图
- 二：实验配置
- 2.1：先配置所有路由的IP地址
- 2.2：通过ISIS配置将AS内部的直连和环回口路由宣告
- 2.3：通过配置BGP协议将所有的用户业务路由宣告
- 2.4：通过配置路由反射器实现市内、省内路由互通
- 2.5：通过建立EBGP邻居实现全省和互联网路由互传
- 三：实验总结
- 3.1：配置IS-IS的方法
- 3.2：IBGP建立邻居关系
- 3.3：EBGP建立邻居关系
- 3.4：下一跳优化
- 3.5：配置路由反射器
前言
- 本次实验很大，很复杂，如果想认真看请做好时间准备
- 本次实验涉及到的知识点有：IS-IS配置，BGP邻居关系的建立，BGP下一跳的优化，路由反射器的配置等
- 有疑问请留言或者私聊我
一：环境
1.1：环境介绍
- eNSP软件
- 8台路由器，分为基层，市干核心，省干核心，国干核心路由
1.2：实验目的
- 通过ISIS配置将AS内部的直连和环回口路由宣告
- 通过配置BGP协议将所有的用户业务路由宣告
- 通过配置路由反射器实现市内、省内路由互通
- 通过建立EBGP邻居实现全省和互联网路由互传
1.3：实验拓扑图
二：实验配置
2.1：先配置所有路由的IP地址
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'//以R8为例，使用相同方法配置所有路由IP地址'sys '//进入系统视图' Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei]sysn R8 '//修改名称为R8' [R8]int g0/0/0 '//进入接口' [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.0.0.2 30 '//添加IP地址' [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh '//保存' [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 '//进入接口' [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 48.0.0.2 30 '//添加IP地址' [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh '//保存' [R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0 '//进入回环接口' [R8-LoopBack0]ip address 8.8.8.8 32 '//添加IP地址' [R8-LoopBack0]q '//退出' [R8]dis ip int b '//查看接口IP地址情况' *down: administratively down !down: FIB overload down ^down: standby (l): loopback (s): spoofing (d): Dampening Suppressed The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4 The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8 The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4 The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8 Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol Ethernet0/0/0 unassigned down down Ethernet0/0/1 unassigned down down GigabitEthernet0/0/0 78.0.0.2/30 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/1 48.0.0.2/30 up up GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down GigabitEthernet0/0/3 unassigned down down LoopBack0 8.8.8.8/32 up up(s) NULL0 unassigned up up(s) Serial0/0/0 unassigned down down Serial0/0/1 unassigned down down Serial0/0/2 unassigned down down Serial0/0/3 unassigned down down
2.2：通过ISIS配置将AS内部的直连和环回口路由宣告
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R1的IS-IS配置
[R1]isis 1 '//开启isis 1' [R1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 '//宣告NSAP' [R1-isis-1]is-level level-1 '//配置IS-IS路由类型' [R1-isis-1]q [R1]int g0/0/0 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis en '//开启isis' [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1 [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]isis en [R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int loo 0 [R1-LoopBack0]isis en -
R2,R3,R5,R6,R7的IS-IS配置
'//配置方法同R1' '//各路由器的NSAP' R2的NSAP为network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 R3的NSAP为network-entity 49.0000.0010.0100.1001.00 R5的NSAP为network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 R6的NSAP为network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 R7的NSAP为network-entity 49.0000.0010.0100.1001.00 '//各路由器的ISIS路由类型' R2的路由类型为is-level level-1-2 R3的路由类型为is-level level-2 R5的路由类型为is-level level-1 R6的路由类型为is-level level-1-2 R7的路由类型为is-level level-2 '//个路由器的接口都要开启isis' 其中：R3的G0/0/1和R7的G0/0/1接口不需要开启isis -
若想要R1和R5学习到其它路由信息，我们需要通过路由泄露的方法实现
[R2]isis 1 [R2-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1 [R6]isis 1 [R6-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1 '//此时，R1和R5可以学习到其它路由信息'
2.3：通过配置BGP协议将所有的用户业务路由宣告
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先配置IBGP协议，先建立邻居关系
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'//R1与R2、R3、R6、R7建立邻居关系' [R1]router id 1.1.1.1 '//宣告router id' [R1]bgp 56001 '//开启bgp，56001为所在AS区域号' [R1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 56001 '//与AS区域号为56001，ip为2.2.2.2的路由建立邻居关系' [R1-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0 '//与ip2.2.2.2的路由loopback 0接口建立邻居关系' [R1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 56001 [R1-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R1-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 56001 [R1-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R1-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 56001 [R1-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R1-bgp] '//R2与R1、R3、R5、R6建立邻居关系' [R2]router id 2.2.2.2 [R2]bgp 56001 [R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 56001 [R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 56001 [R2-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 56001 [R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R2-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 56001 [R2-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 '//R3与R1、R2、R5、R7建立邻居关系' [R3]router id 3.3.3.3 [R3]bgp 56001 [R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 56001 [R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 56001 [R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 56001 [R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R3-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 56001 [R3-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 '//R5与R2、R3、R6、R7建立邻居关系' [R5]router id 5.5.5.5 [R5]bgp 56001 [R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 56001 [R5-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 56001 [R5-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 56001 [R5-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R5-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 56001 [R5-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 '//R6与R1、R2、R5、R7建立邻居关系' [R6]router id 6.6.6.6 [R6]bgp 56001 [R6-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 56001 [R6-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 as-number 56001 [R6-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 56001 [R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 56001 [R6-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 '//R7与R1、R3、R5、R6建立邻居关系' [R7]router id 7.7.7.7 [R7]bgp 56001 [R7-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 as-number 56001 [R7-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 56001 [R7-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 as-number 56001 [R7-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 as-number 56001 [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]dis bgp peer '//查看邻居关系建立情况，相同命令查看其它路由的邻居关系' BGP local router ID : 7.7.7.7 Local AS number : 56001 Total number of peers : 4 Peers in established state : 4 Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre fRcv 1.1.1.1 4 56001 6 6 0 00:04:57 Established 0 3.3.3.3 4 56001 6 6 0 00:04:58 Established 0 5.5.5.5 4 56001 6 6 0 00:04:58 Established 0 6.6.6.6 4 56001 6 6 0 00:04:56 Established 0 -
添加并宣告业务网段
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[R1]int loo 1 [R1-LoopBack1]ip add 11.0.0.1 30 [R1-LoopBack1] [R1]bgp 56001 [R1-bgp]net [R1-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 30
2.4：通过配置路由反射器实现市内、省内路由互通
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'//刚刚宣告完毕我们发现R5学习不到此条业务网段，我们通过配置路由反射器来让他学习到' [R2]bgp 56001 [R2-bgp]reflector cluster-id 100 [R2-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 reflect-client [R2-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 reflect-client '//此时R5已经可以学习到这条业务路由了，但是生产环境中我们还需要在R6上配置路由反射器，实现市内路由互通' [R6]bgp 56001 [R6-bgp]reflector cluster-id 100 [R6-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 reflect-client [R6-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 reflect-client '//想要实现省内路由互通，我们需要在R3和R7上配置路由反射器' [R3]bgp 56001 [R3-bgp]reflector cluster-id 200 [R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 reflect-client '//因为R3与R6没有建立邻居关系，所以不需要做R6的反射' [R7]bgp 56001 [R7-bgp]reflector cluster-id 200 [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 reflect-client '//因为R7与R2没有建立邻居关系，所以不需要做R2的反射' '//此时已经实现省内互通'
2.5：通过建立EBGP邻居实现全省和互联网路由互传
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建立EBGP邻居
'//先配置静态路由' [R3]ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 34.0.0.2 [R7]ip route-static 8.8.8.8 32 78.0.0.2 [R4]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 34.0.0.1 [R8]ip route-static 7.7.7.7 32 78.0.0.1 '//配置EBGP邻居' [R3]bgp 56001 [R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 56002 [R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R3-bgp]peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2 [R4]router id 4.4.4.4 [R4]bgp 56002 [R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 as-number 56001 [R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R4-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 ebgp-max-hop 2 [R7]bgp 56001 [R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 56002 [R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 ebgp-max-hop 2 [R8]router id 8.8.8.8 [R8]bgp 56002 [R8-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 56001 [R8-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0 [R8-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 ebgp-max-hop 2 '//通过使用dis bgp peer命令查看邻居关系' [R8-bgp]dis bgp peer ...省略内容 -
R4添加一条业务网段
[R4]int loo 1 [R4-LoopBack1]ip add 44.0.0.1 30 [R4-LoopBack1]q [R4]bgp 56002 [R4-bgp]net [R4-bgp]network 44.0.0.0 30 -
R3和R7做下一跳优化
[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local [R3-bgp]peer 2.2.2.2 next-hop-local [R3-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local [R3-bgp]peer 7.7.7.7 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 3.3.3.3 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 5.5.5.5 next-hop-local [R7-bgp]peer 6.6.6.6 next-hop-local '//例如R3做完下一跳优化后，其他邻居路由器查看路由表的时候会发现44.0.0.0的网段下一条变为3.3.3.3' -
在R1上ping测试44.0.0.1这个业务地址
'//R4没有回程路由，所以我们需要带源地址pingR4' [R1]ping -a 11.0.0.1 44.0.0.1 PING 44.0.0.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 44.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=110 ms Reply from 44.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=70 ms Reply from 44.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=70 ms Reply from 44.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=60 ms Reply from 44.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=90 ms --- 44.0.0.1 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 60/80/110 ms -
实验结束
三：实验总结
3.1：配置IS-IS的方法
1、启动IS-IS进程，根据区域规划配置NET地址
2、根据网络结构配置IS-IS路由类型
3、在接口下，将口宣告到IS-IS进程中
[R1]isis 1 '//开启isis 1'
[R1-isis-1]network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 '//宣告NSAP'
[R1-isis-1]is-level level-1 '//配置IS-IS路由类型'
[R1-isis-1]q
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]isis en '//开启isis'
'//路由泄露'
isis 1
import-route isis level-2 into level-1
3.2：IBGP建立邻居关系
1、启用BGP，后面跟AS系统号
2、宣告Route-id，建立邻居关系用
3、宣告和谁建立邻居关系，
4、通告BGP路由，（network、import）
[R1]router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1]bgp 100
[R1-bgp] peer 7.7.7.7 as-number 100
[R1-bgp] peer 7.7.7.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[R1-bgp] network 1.1.1.1 32
3.3：EBGP建立邻居关系
1、配置控制层面静态路由
ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 34.0.0.2
2、配置EBGP邻居
bgp 56001
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 56002
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
3.4：下一跳优化
[R3-bgp]peer 1.1.1.1 next-hop-local
3.5：配置路由反射器
bgp 56001
reflector cluster-id 100
peer 1.1.1.1 reflect-client
peer 5.5.5.5 reflect-client
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1、配置控制层面静态路由
ip route-static 4.4.4.4 32 34.0.0.2
2、配置EBGP邻居
bgp 56001
peer 4.4.4.4 as-number 56002
peer 4.4.4.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
peer 4.4.4.4 ebgp-max-hop 2