使用 JSONPath 解析 JSON 完整内容详解

转载:http://www.ibloger.net/article/2329.html

JsonPath是一种简单的方法来提取给定JSON文档的部分内容。 JsonPath有许多编程语言,如Javascript,Python和PHP,Java。

JsonPath提供的json解析非常强大,它提供了类似正则表达式的语法,基本上可以满足所有你想要获得的json内容。下面我把官网介绍的每个表达式用代码实现,可以更直观的知道该怎么用它。

GitHub:https://github.com/json-path/JsonPath

以下是从GitHub中用我蹩脚的英格利希,翻译过来的,将就着看吧,推荐去管网上面阅读。


JsonPath可在Central Maven存储库中找到。 Maven用户将其添加到您的POM。


    com.jayway.jsonpath
    json-path
    2.2.0

如果您需要帮助,请在Stack Overflow中提问。 标记问题'jsonpath'和'java'。

JsonPath表达式总是以与XPath表达式结合使用XML文档相同的方式引用JSON结构。

JsonPath中的“根成员对象”始终称为$,无论是对象还是数组。

JsonPath表达式可以使用点表示法

$.store.book [0].title

或括号表示法

$['store']['book'][0]['title']

操作符

操作 说明
$ 查询根元素。这将启动所有路径表达式。
@ 当前节点由过滤谓词处理。
* 通配符,必要时可用任何地方的名称或数字。
.. 深层扫描。 必要时在任何地方可以使用名称。
. 点,表示子节点
['' (, '')] 括号表示子项
[ (, )] 数组索引或索引
[start:end] 数组切片操作
[?()] 过滤表达式。 表达式必须求值为一个布尔值。

函数

函数可以在路径的尾部调用,函数的输出是路径表达式的输出,该函数的输出是由函数本身所决定的。

函数 描述 输出
min() 提供数字数组的最小值 Double
max() 提供数字数组的最大值 Double
avg() 提供数字数组的平均值 Double
stddev() 提供数字数组的标准偏差值 Double
length() 提供数组的长度 Integer

过滤器运算符

过滤器是用于筛选数组的逻辑表达式。一个典型的过滤器将是[?(@.age > 18)],其中@表示正在处理的当前项目。 可以使用逻辑运算符&&和||创建更复杂的过滤器。 字符串文字必须用单引号或双引号括起来([?(@.color == 'blue')] 或者 [?(@.color == "blue")]).

操作符 描述
== left等于right(注意1不等于'1')
!= 不等于
< 小于
<= 小于等于
> 大于
>= 大于等于
=~ 匹配正则表达式[?(@.name =~ /foo.*?/i)]
in 左边存在于右边 [?(@.size in ['S', 'M'])]
nin 左边不存在于右边
size (数组或字符串)长度
empty (数组或字符串)为空

Java操作示例

JSON

{
    "store": {
        "book": [
            {
                "category": "reference",
                "author": "Nigel Rees",
                "title": "Sayings of the Century",
                "price": 8.95
            },
            {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "Evelyn Waugh",
                "title": "Sword of Honour",
                "price": 12.99
            },
            {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "Herman Melville",
                "title": "Moby Dick",
                "isbn": "0-553-21311-3",
                "price": 8.99
            },
            {
                "category": "fiction",
                "author": "J. R. R. Tolkien",
                "title": "The Lord of the Rings",
                "isbn": "0-395-19395-8",
                "price": 22.99
            }
        ],
        "bicycle": {
            "color": "red",
            "price": 19.95
        }
    },
    "expensive": 10
}
JsonPath (点击链接测试) 结果
$.store.book[*].author 获取json中store下book下的所有author值
$..author 获取所有json中所有author的值
$.store.* 所有的东西,书籍和自行车
$.store..price 获取json中store下所有price的值
$..book[2] 获取json中book数组的第3个值
$..book[-2] 倒数的第二本书
$..book[0,1] 前两本书
$..book[:2] 从索引0(包括)到索引2(排除)的所有图书
$..book[1:2] 从索引1(包括)到索引2(排除)的所有图书
$..book[-2:] 获取json中book数组的最后两个值
$..book[2:] 获取json中book数组的第3个到最后一个的区间值
$..book[?(@.isbn)] 获取json中book数组中包含isbn的所有值
$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)] 获取json中book数组中price<10的所有值
$..book[?(@.price <= $['expensive'])] 获取json中book数组中price<=expensive的所有值
$..book[?(@.author =~ /.*REES/i)] 获取json中book数组中的作者以REES结尾的所有值(REES不区分大小写)
$..* 逐层列出json中的所有值,层级由外到内
$..book.length() 获取json中book数组的长度

阅读文档

使用JsonPath的最简单的最直接的方法是通过静态读取API。

Java
String json = "...";
List> authors = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author");
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如果你只想读取一次,那么上面的代码就可以了

如果你还想读取其他路径,现在上面不是很好的方法,因为他每次获取都需要再解析整个文档。所以,我们可以先解析整个文档,再选择调用路径。

Java
String json = "...";
Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json); String author0 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[0].author"); String author1 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[1].author");
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JsonPath还提供流畅的API。 这也是最灵活的一个。

Java
String json = "...";
ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(json); List> authorsOfBooksWithISBN = ctx.read("$.store.book[?(@.isbn)].author"); List, Object>> expensiveBooks = JsonPath .using(configuration) .parse(json) .read("$.store.book[?(@.price > 10)]", List.class);
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何时返回

当在java中使用JsonPath时,重要的是要知道你在结果中期望什么类型。 JsonPath将自动尝试将结果转换为调用者预期的类型。

Java
// 抛出 java.lang.ClassCastException 异常
List> list = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author") // 正常 String author = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author")
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当评估路径时,你需要理解路径确定的概念。路径是不确定的,它包含

  • .. :深层扫描操作

  • ?() :表达式

  • [, (, )] :多个数组索引

不确定的路径总是返回一个列表(由当前的JsonProvider表示)。

默认情况下,MappingProvider SPI提供了一个简单的对象映射器。 这允许您指定所需的返回类型,MappingProvider将尝试执行映射。 在下面的示例中,演示了Long和Date之间的映射。

Java
String json = "{\"date_as_long\" : 1411455611975}";
Date date = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$['date_as_long']", Date.class);
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如果您将JsonPath配置为使用JacksonMappingProvider或GsonMappingProvider,您甚至可以将JsonPath输出直接映射到POJO中。

Java
Book book = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0]", Book.class);
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要获取完整的泛型类型信息,请使用TypeRef。

Java
TypeRef>> typeRef = new TypeRef>>(){}; List> titles = JsonPath.parse(JSON_DOCUMENT).read("$.store.book[*].title", typeRef);
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谓词

在JsonPath中创建过滤器谓词有三种不同的方法。

内联谓词

内联谓词是路径中定义的谓词。

Java
List, Object>> books = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)]");
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你可以使用 && 和 || 结合多个谓词 [?(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction')] , [?(@.category == 'reference' || @.price > 10)].

你也可以使用!否定一个谓词 [?(!(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction'))].

过滤谓词

谓词可以使用Filter API构建,如下所示:

Java
import static com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath.parse; import static com.jayway.jsonpath.Criteria.where; import static com.jayway.jsonpath.Filter.filter; ... ... Filter cheapFictionFilter = filter( where("category").is("fiction").and("price").lte(10D) ); List, Object>> books = parse(json).read("$.store.book[?]", cheapFictionFilter);
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注意占位符? 为路径中的过滤器。 当提供多个过滤器时,它们按照占位符数量与提供的过滤器数量相匹配的顺序应用。 您可以在一个过滤器操作[?,?]中指定多个谓词占位符,这两个谓词都必须匹配。

过滤器也可以与“OR”和“AND”

Java
Filter fooOrBar = filter(
   where("foo").exists(true)).or(where("bar").exists(true) ); Filter fooAndBar = filter( where("foo").exists(true)).and(where("bar").exists(true) );
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自定义

第三个选择是实现你自己的谓词

Java
Predicate booksWithISBN = new Predicate() { @Override public boolean apply(PredicateContext ctx) { return ctx.item(Map.class).containsKey("isbn"); } }; List, Object>> books = reader.read("$.store.book[?].isbn", List.class, booksWithISBN);
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Path vs Value

在Goessner实现中,JsonPath可以返回Path或Value。 值是默认值,上面所有示例返回。 如果你想让我们查询的元素的路径可以通过选项来实现。

Java
Configuration conf = Configuration.builder().options(Option.AS_PATH_LIST).build(); List> pathList = using(conf).parse(json).read("$..author"); assertThat(pathList).containsExactly( "$['store']['book'][0]['author']", "$['store']['book'][1]['author']", "$['store']['book'][2]['author']", "$['store']['book'][3]['author']");
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调整配置

选项创建配置时,有几个可以改变默认行为的选项标志。

DEFAULT_PATH_LEAF_TO_NULL

此选项使JsonPath对于缺少的叶子返回null。 考虑下面的json

[
   {
      "name" : "john",
      "gender" : "male"
   },
   {
      "name" : "ben"
   }
]
Java
Configuration conf = Configuration.defaultConfiguration(); // 正常 String gender0 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[0]['gender']"); // 异常 PathNotFoundException thrown String gender1 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[1]['gender']"); Configuration conf2 = conf.addOptions(Option.DEFAULT_PATH_LEAF_TO_NULL); // 正常 String gender0 = JsonPath.using(conf2).parse(json).read("$[0]['gender']"); // 正常 (返回 null) String gender1 = JsonPath.using(conf2).parse(json).read("$[1]['gender']");
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ALWAYS_RETURN_LIST

此选项配置JsonPath返回列表

Java
Configuration conf = Configuration.defaultConfiguration(); // 正常 List> genders0 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[0]['gender']"); // 异常 PathNotFoundException thrown List> genders1 = JsonPath.using(conf).parse(json).read("$[1]['gender']");
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SUPPRESS_EXCEPTIONS

该选项确保不会从路径评估传播异常。 遵循这些简单的规则:

  • 如果选项ALWAYS_RETURN_LIST存在,将返回一个空列表

  • 如果选项ALWAYS_RETURN_LIST不存在返回null

JsonProvider SPI

JsonPath is shipped with three different JsonProviders:

  • JsonSmartJsonProvider (default)

  • JacksonJsonProvider

  • JacksonJsonNodeJsonProvider

  • GsonJsonProvider

  • JsonOrgJsonProvider

更改配置默认值只能在应用程序初始化时完成。 强烈不建议在运行时进行更改,尤其是在多线程应用程序中。

Java
Configuration.setDefaults(new Configuration.Defaults() { private final JsonProvider jsonProvider = new JacksonJsonProvider(); private final MappingProvider mappingProvider = new JacksonMappingProvider(); @Override public JsonProvider jsonProvider() { return jsonProvider; } @Override public MappingProvider mappingProvider() { return mappingProvider; } @Override public Set> options() { return EnumSet.noneOf(Option.class); } });
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请注意,JacksonJsonProvider需要com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.4.5,GsonJsonProvider需要在您的类路径上使用com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1。

Cache SPI

在JsonPath 2.1.0中,引入了一种新的Cache SPI。 这允许API消费者以适合其需求的方式配置路径缓存。 缓存必须在首次访问之前配置,或者抛出JsonPathException。 JsonPath附带两个缓存实现

  • com.jayway.jsonpath.spi.cache.LRUCache(默认,线程安全)

  • com.jayway.jsonpath.spi.cache.NOOPCache(无缓存)

如果要实现自己的缓存,API很简单。

Java
CacheProvider.setCache(new Cache() { //Not thread safe simple cache private Map, JsonPath> map = new HashMap, JsonPath>(); @Override public JsonPath get(String key) { return map.get(key); } @Override public void put(String key, JsonPath jsonPath) { map.put(key, jsonPath); } });
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Java操作示例源码

json

{"store":{"book":[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{"color":"red","price":19.95}},"expensive":10}

java

Java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath; public class TestJsonPath { public static void main(String[] args) { String sjson = readtxt(); print("--------------------------------------getJsonValue--------------------------------------"); getJsonValue(sjson); } private static String readtxt() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); try { FileReader fr = new FileReader("D:/books.txt"); BufferedReader bfd = new BufferedReader(fr); String s = ""; while((s=bfd.readLine())!=null) { sb.append(s); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(sb.toString()); return sb.toString(); } private static void getJsonValue(String json) { //The authors of all books:获取json中store下book下的所有author值 List> authors1 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author"); //All authors:获取所有json中所有author的值 List> authors2 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..author"); //All things, both books and bicycles //authors3返回的是net.minidev.json.JSONArray:获取json中store下的所有value值,不包含key,如key有两个,book和bicycle List> authors3 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.*"); //The price of everything:获取json中store下所有price的值 List> authors4 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store..price"); //The third book:获取json中book数组的第3个值 List> authors5 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[2]"); //The first two books:获取json中book数组的第1和第2两个个值 List> authors6 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[0,1]"); //All books from index 0 (inclusive) until index 2 (exclusive):获取json中book数组的前两个区间值 List> authors7 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[:2]"); //All books from index 1 (inclusive) until index 2 (exclusive):获取json中book数组的第2个值 List> authors8 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[1:2]"); //Last two books:获取json中book数组的最后两个值 List> authors9 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[-2:]"); //Book number two from tail:获取json中book数组的第3个到最后一个的区间值 List> authors10 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[2:]"); //All books with an ISBN number:获取json中book数组中包含isbn的所有值 List> authors11 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.isbn)]"); //All books in store cheaper than 10:获取json中book数组中price<10的所有值 List> authors12 = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[?(@.price < 10)]"); //All books in store that are not "expensive":获取json中book数组中price<=expensive的所有值 List> authors13 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.price <= $['expensive'])]"); //All books matching regex (ignore case):获取json中book数组中的作者以REES结尾的所有值(REES不区分大小写) List> authors14 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book[?(@.author =~ /.*REES/i)]"); //Give me every thing:逐层列出json中的所有值,层级由外到内 List> authors15 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..*"); //The number of books:获取json中book数组的长度 List> authors16 = JsonPath.read(json, "$..book.length()"); print("**********authors1**********"); print(authors1); print("**********authors2**********"); print(authors2); print("**********authors3**********"); printOb(authors3); print("**********authors4**********"); printOb(authors4); print("**********authors5**********"); printOb(authors5); print("**********authors6**********"); printOb(authors6); print("**********authors7**********"); printOb(authors7); print("**********authors8**********"); printOb(authors8); print("**********authors9**********"); printOb(authors9); print("**********authors10**********"); printOb(authors10); print("**********authors11**********"); printOb(authors11); print("**********authors12**********"); printOb(authors12); print("**********authors13**********"); printOb(authors13); print("**********authors14**********"); printOb(authors14); print("**********authors15**********"); printOb(authors15); print("**********authors16**********"); printOb(authors16); } private static void print(List> list) { for(Iterator> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) { System.out.println(it.next()); } } private static void printOb(List> list) { for(Iterator> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) { System.out.println(it.next()); } } private static void print(String s) { System.out.println("\n"+s); } } 输出 {"store":{"book":[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{"color":"red","price":19.95}},"expensive":10} --------------------------------------getJsonValue-------------------------------------- SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.0.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.0.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.10/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] ERROR StatusLogger No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. **********authors1********** Nigel Rees Evelyn Waugh Herman Melville X-rapido J. R. R. Tolkien **********authors2********** Nigel Rees Evelyn Waugh Herman Melville X-rapido J. R. R. Tolkien **********authors3********** [{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}] {color=red, price=19.95} **********authors4********** 8.95 12.99 8.99 32.68 22.99 19.95 **********authors5********** {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} **********authors6********** {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95} {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99} **********authors7********** {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95} {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99} **********authors8********** {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99} **********authors9********** {category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68} {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99} **********authors10********** {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} {category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68} {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99} **********authors11********** {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} {category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68} {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99} **********authors12********** {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95} {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} **********authors13********** {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95} {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} **********authors14********** {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95} **********authors15********** {book=[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}], bicycle={color=red, price=19.95}} 10 [{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}] {color=red, price=19.95} {category=reference, author=Nigel Rees, title=Sayings of the Century, price=8.95} {category=fiction, author=Evelyn Waugh, title=Sword of Honour, price=12.99} {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} {category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68} {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99} reference Nigel Rees Sayings of the Century 8.95 fiction Evelyn Waugh Sword of Honour 12.99 fiction Herman Melville Moby Dick 0-553-21311-3 8.99 JavaWeb X-rapido Top-link 0-553-211231-3 32.68 fiction J. R. R. Tolkien The Lord of the Rings 0-395-19395-8 22.99 red 19.95 **********authors16********** 5
浏览器Flash插件异常,复制失败!

示例2

Java
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration; import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath; import com.jayway.jsonpath.ReadContext; public class TestJsonPath3 { public static void main(String[] args) { String sjson = readtxt(); print("-----------------------getJsonValue0-----------------------"); getJsonValue0(sjson); print("-----------------------getJsonValue1-----------------------"); getJsonValue1(sjson); print("-----------------------getJsonValue2-----------------------"); getJsonValue2(sjson); print("-----------------------getJsonValue3-----------------------"); getJsonValue3(sjson); print("-----------------------getJsonValue4-----------------------"); getJsonValue4(sjson); } private static String readtxt() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); try { FileReader fr = new FileReader("D:/books.txt"); BufferedReader bfd = new BufferedReader(fr); String s = ""; while((s=bfd.readLine())!=null) { sb.append(s); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(sb.toString()); return sb.toString(); } /** * 读取json的一种写法,得到匹配表达式的所有值 * */ private static void getJsonValue0(String json) { List> authors = JsonPath.read(json, "$.store.book[*].author"); print(authors); } /** * 读取JSON得到某个具体值(推荐使用这种方法,一次解析多次调用) * */ private static void getJsonValue1(String json) { Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json); String author0 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[0].author"); String author1 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[1].author"); print(author0); print(author1); } /** * 读取json的一种写法 * */ private static void getJsonValue2(String json) { ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(json); // 获取json中book数组中包含isbn的作者 List> authorsOfBooksWithISBN = ctx.read("$.store.book[?(@.isbn)].author"); // 获取json中book数组中价格大于10的对象 List, Object>> expensiveBooks = JsonPath .using(Configuration.defaultConfiguration()) .parse(json) .read("$.store.book[?(@.price > 10)]", List.class); print(authorsOfBooksWithISBN); print("********Map********"); printListMap(expensiveBooks); } /** * 读取JSON得到的值是一个String,所以不能用List存储 * */ private static void getJsonValue3(String json) { //Will throw an java.lang.ClassCastException //List list = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author"); //由于会抛异常,暂时注释上面一行,要用的话,应使用下面的格式 String author = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[0].author"); print(author); } /** * 读取json的一种写法,支持逻辑表达式,&&和|| */ private static void getJsonValue4(String json) { List, Object>> books1 = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[?(@.price < 10 && @.category == 'fiction')]"); List, Object>> books2 = JsonPath.parse(json).read("$.store.book[?(@.category == 'reference' || @.price > 10)]"); print("********books1********"); printListMap(books1); print("********books2********"); printListMap(books2); } private static void print(List> list) { for(Iterator> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) { System.out.println(it.next()); } } private static void printListMap(List, Object>> list) { for(Iterator, Object>> it = list.iterator();it.hasNext();) { Map, Object> map = it.next(); for(Iterator iterator =map.entrySet().iterator();iterator.hasNext();) { System.out.println(iterator.next()); } } } private static void print(String s) { System.out.println("\n"+s); } } 输出 {"store":{"book":[{"category":"reference","author":"Nigel Rees","title":"Sayings of the Century","price":8.95},{"category":"fiction","author":"Evelyn Waugh","title":"Sword of Honour","price":12.99},{"category":"fiction","author":"Herman Melville","title":"Moby Dick","isbn":"0-553-21311-3","price":8.99},{"category":"JavaWeb","author":"X-rapido","title":"Top-link","isbn":"0-553-211231-3","price":32.68},{"category":"fiction","author":"J. R. R. Tolkien","title":"The Lord of the Rings","isbn":"0-395-19395-8","price":22.99}],"bicycle":{"color":"red","price":19.95}},"expensive":10} -----------------------getJsonValue0----------------------- SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.0.2/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.0.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/D:/workSpaces/SupportPackge/MavenRepository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1.7.10/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class] SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory] ERROR StatusLogger No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Nigel Rees Evelyn Waugh Herman Melville X-rapido J. R. R. Tolkien -----------------------getJsonValue1----------------------- Nigel Rees Evelyn Waugh -----------------------getJsonValue2----------------------- Herman Melville X-rapido J. R. R. Tolkien ********Map******** category=fiction author=Evelyn Waugh title=Sword of Honour price=12.99 category=JavaWeb author=X-rapido title=Top-link isbn=0-553-211231-3 price=32.68 category=fiction author=J. R. R. Tolkien title=The Lord of the Rings isbn=0-395-19395-8 price=22.99 -----------------------getJsonValue3----------------------- Nigel Rees -----------------------getJsonValue4----------------------- ********books1******** category=fiction author=Herman Melville title=Moby Dick isbn=0-553-21311-3 price=8.99 ********books2******** category=reference author=Nigel Rees title=Sayings of the Century price=8.95 category=fiction author=Evelyn Waugh title=Sword of Honour price=12.99 category=JavaWeb author=X-rapido title=Top-link isbn=0-553-211231-3 price=32.68 category=fiction author=J. R. R. Tolkien title=The Lord of the Rings isbn=0-395-19395-8 price=22.99
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过滤器示例

Java
public static void main(String[] args) { String json = readtxt(); Object document = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(json); // 过滤器链(查找包含isbn并category中有fiction或JavaWeb的值) Filter filter = Filter.filter(Criteria.where("isbn").exists(true).and("category").in("fiction", "JavaWeb")); List> books = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[?]", filter); printOb(books); System.out.println("\n----------------------------------------------\n"); // 自定义过滤器 Filter mapFilter = new Filter() { @Override public boolean apply(PredicateContext context) { Map, Object> map = context.item(Map.class); if (map.containsKey("isbn")) { return true; } return false; } }; List> books2 = JsonPath.read(document, "$.store.book[?]", mapFilter); printOb(books2); } 输出 {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} {category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68} {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99} ---------------------------------------------- {category=fiction, author=Herman Melville, title=Moby Dick, isbn=0-553-21311-3, price=8.99} {category=JavaWeb, author=X-rapido, title=Top-link, isbn=0-553-211231-3, price=32.68} {category=fiction, author=J. R. R. Tolkien, title=The Lord of the Rings, isbn=0-395-19395-8, price=22.99}
浏览器Flash插件异常,复制失败!

由此可见,使用过滤器,或者使用上述的表达式,都是可以达到理想的效果

示例中的books2中,注意到context.item(Map.class); 这句话

这句中的Map.class是根据预定的结果类型定义的,如果返回的是String类型值,那就改为String.class

我的示例只简单判断了一下isbn属性,可以根据实际情况进行变更条件

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