1、需求
基于C# winform用200行代码实现简易五子棋双人对战,支持悔棋,需要的知识有C# winform界面,C#,以及几张素材图片。
2、界面
界面设计如图1所示,背影图是用Graphics自己画的,但在生成棋子图片的时候,消失了,知道的同学告诉我一下谢谢,因此自己截图做背影,把图片导入项目得到背景图,设想是可以有双人,人机,联网三个模式,后续会加入。
图1
3、算法描述
由于只是双人对战,因此算法就是简单判断是否赢棋,五子棋规则是横竖斜三个方向有一个方向能有连续五个棋子即赢棋,所以分别判断感人方向,这里采用递归判断,思想非常简单。
(1)遍历每个棋子
(2)斜方向找相同棋子,如果找到就继续找,找到五个即赢棋,游戏结束转(5)
(3)横方向找相同棋子,如果找到就继续找,找到五个即赢棋,游戏结束转(5)
(4)竖方向找相同棋子,如果找到就继续找,找到五个即赢棋,游戏结束转(5)
(5)点击确实重新初始化游戏数据
4、代码实现
2中提到使用Graphics画棋盘,但生成棋子后却不能消失了,因此使用的画好后的截图,给出的代码有画棋盘的(draw_chess_grid函数),但在程序中没有调用。检测棋盘赢局用的是递归,为了思路清楚,把每个方向分开写成一个函数,在代码中有注释。详细代码如下:
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WindowsFormsAppAnimalRegonize { public partial class FormChess : Form { class Pos { public int X { get; set; } public int Y { get; set; } public bool Have_chess { get; set; } public int Type { get; set; } public Pos(int X, int Y, bool Have_chess, int Type) { this.X = X; this.Y = Y; this.Have_chess = Have_chess; this.Type = Type; } } private List null_chess_pos_list;//棋子位置序列 private Stack cur_chess_btn_list;//当前所下的棋子,悔棋时用 private int game_type;//当前哪方下棋 private string[] game_types = {"双人对战","人机对战","联网对战" }; public FormChess() { InitializeComponent(); comboBox1.Items.AddRange(game_types); comboBox1.SelectedIndex = 0; } private void init_game() { //黑棋先走 game_type = 0; if (null_chess_pos_list == null) { null_chess_pos_list = new List(); for (int x = 0; x < 13; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < 13; y++) { new_chess_pos(30 + 50 * x, 30 + 50 * y); var pos = new Pos(x, y, false, -1);//-1代表此位置没有棋子,0代表黑棋,1代表白棋 null_chess_pos_list.Add(pos); } } } else { for (int i = 0; i < null_chess_pos_list.Count; i++) { null_chess_pos_list[i].Have_chess = false; null_chess_pos_list[i].Type = -1; } } if (cur_chess_btn_list == null) cur_chess_btn_list = new Stack(); else { while (cur_chess_btn_list.Count > 0) { var btn = cur_chess_btn_list.Peek(); btn.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.chess_bg1;//设置背景色为透明 cur_chess_btn_list.Pop(); } } set_game_type_label(); } //绘制棋盘 private void draw_chess_grid() { var graphics = this.CreateGraphics(); this.Show();//一定要加这句,不然无法显示 var pen = new Pen(Brushes.Black, 2.0f); for (int x = 0; x < 13; x++) { var p1 = new Point(50 + x * 50, 50); var p2 = new Point(50 + x * 50, 50 + 50 * 12); graphics.DrawLine(pen, p1, p2); } for (int y = 0; y < 13; y++) { var p1 = new Point(50, 50 + y * 50); var p2 = new Point(50 + 50 * 12, 50 + y * 50); graphics.DrawLine(pen, p1, p2); } } //右上方向判断 private void right_up_check(Pos pos,int count) { if (count == 5) { if (pos.Type == 0)MessageBox.Show("黑方赢棋", "系统提示"); else MessageBox.Show("白方赢棋", "系统提示"); init_game(); return; } if(pos.X + 1 <13 && pos.Y - 1 >0 && pos.Type != -1) { var index = get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(pos.X + 1, pos.Y - 1); if (null_chess_pos_list[index].Type == pos.Type) right_up_check(null_chess_pos_list[index],count + 1); } } //左上方向判断 private void left_up_check(Pos pos, int count) { if (count == 5) { if (pos.Type == 0) MessageBox.Show("黑方赢棋", "系统提示"); else MessageBox.Show("白方赢棋", "系统提示"); init_game(); return ; } if (pos.X - 1 > 0 && pos.Y - 1 > 0 && pos.Type != -1) { var index = get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(pos.X - 1, pos.Y - 1); if (null_chess_pos_list[index].Type == pos.Type ) left_up_check(null_chess_pos_list[index], count + 1); } } //横向方向判断 private void horizontal_check(Pos pos, int count) { if (count == 5) { if (pos.Type == 0) MessageBox.Show("黑方赢棋", "系统提示"); else MessageBox.Show("白方赢棋", "系统提示"); init_game(); return ; } if (pos.X + 1 < 13 && pos.Type != -1) { var index = get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(pos.X + 1, pos.Y ); if (null_chess_pos_list[index].Type == pos.Type) horizontal_check(null_chess_pos_list[index], count + 1); } } //竖向方向判断 private void vertical_check(Pos pos, int count) { if (count == 5) { if (pos.Type == 0) MessageBox.Show("黑方赢棋", "系统提示"); else MessageBox.Show("白方赢棋", "系统提示"); init_game(); return ; } if (pos.Y + 1 < 13 && pos.Type != -1) { var index = get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(pos.X , pos.Y + 1); if (null_chess_pos_list[index].Type == pos.Type) vertical_check(null_chess_pos_list[index], count + 1); } } //判断赢局 private void check_win() { for (int i = 0; i < null_chess_pos_list.Count; i++) { left_up_check(null_chess_pos_list[i], 1); right_up_check(null_chess_pos_list[i], 1); horizontal_check(null_chess_pos_list[i], 1); vertical_check(null_chess_pos_list[i], 1); } } //初始生成下棋位置 private void new_chess_pos(int x,int y) { var button = new Button(); button.Location = new Point(x, y); button.Size = new Size(40, 40); set_btn_style(button); this.Controls.Add(button); button.Click += new EventHandler(button1_Click); } //窗口坐标转点坐标 private Point location_to_point(Button button) { return new Point((button.Location.X - 30)/50, (button.Location.Y - 30)/50); } //根据点坐标得到索引 private int get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(int x,int y) { for (int i = 0; i < null_chess_pos_list.Count; i++) if (null_chess_pos_list[i].X == x && null_chess_pos_list[i].Y == y)return i; return -1; } //走棋 private void move_chess(Button button) { var point = location_to_point(button); var index = get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(point.X, point.Y); if (null_chess_pos_list[index].Have_chess) return; null_chess_pos_list[index].Have_chess = true; if (game_type == 0) { button.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.black; null_chess_pos_list[index].Type = 0; game_type = 1; } else { button.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.white; null_chess_pos_list[index].Type = 1; game_type = 0; } set_game_type_label(); //添加到下棋栈列 cur_chess_btn_list.Push(button); check_win(); } // 设置透明按钮样式 private void set_btn_style(Button btn) { btn.FlatStyle = FlatStyle.Flat;//样式 btn.ForeColor = Color.Transparent;//前景 btn.BackColor = Color.Transparent;//去背景 btn.FlatAppearance.BorderSize = 0;//去边线 btn.FlatAppearance.MouseOverBackColor = Color.Transparent;//鼠标经过 btn.FlatAppearance.MouseDownBackColor = Color.Transparent;//鼠标按下 } //提示当前由哪方下棋 private void set_game_type_label() { if (game_type == 0) label_game_type.Text = "黑方下棋"; else label_game_type.Text = "白方下棋"; } //悔棋 private void back_chess() { if (cur_chess_btn_list==null) return; if (cur_chess_btn_list.Count == 0) return; var btn = cur_chess_btn_list.Peek(); var p = location_to_point(btn); var index = get_pos_index_from_null_chess_list(p.X,p.Y); null_chess_pos_list[index].Type = -1; null_chess_pos_list[index].Have_chess = false; btn.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.chess_bg1; cur_chess_btn_list.Pop(); if (game_type == 0) game_type = 1; else game_type = 0; set_game_type_label(); } //下棋点击事件 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { move_chess((Button)sender); } private void button_start_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { switch (comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString()) { case "双人对战": init_game(); break; case "人机对战": break; case "联网对战": break; } } //悔棋 private void button_back_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { back_chess(); } //重置游戏 private void button_reset_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { switch (comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString()) { case "双人对战": init_game(); break; case "人机对战": break; case "联网对战": break; } } } }
5、结果
测试结果之一如图2,其他方向与悔棋均能通过测试。
图2