Win10需要用linux子系统WSL支持,WSL的开启方法如下:
PowerShell 下执行以下命令开启WSL功能:
Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all
普通命令行cmd下执行:
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
在win10应用商店中可以直接搜索Ubuntu进行安装,如果没有应用商店,则需要手动安装。可以参考《手动下载适用于 Linux 的 Windows 子系统发行版包》
由于路由器固件编译,不需要用到root账户,所以我们可以新建一个普通账户,Ubuntu中新建一个普通账户方法:
1.创建一个名为admin的账户
sudo useradd -r -m -s /bin/bash admin
参数意义如下:
-r:建立系统账号
-m:自动建立用户的登入目录
-s:指定用户登入后所使用的shell
输入 ls /home/ 可以看到用户目录被成功创建了。
2.给admin账户创建密码为123456:
sudo passwd 123456
3.利用cat命令打开etc目录下面的passwd文件,可以在最后一行看到被新建的账户。
cat /etc/passwd
至此新建普通账户完成,使用su命令即可切换到admin账户登录
su admin
4.修改用户权限
为admin这个账户添加sudo的权限,不然后面运行时会出现“xxx is not in the sudoers file.This incident will be reported” 的报错。
这里采用修改/etc/sudoers文件的方法分配用户权限。因为此文件只有r权限,在改动前需要增加w权限,改动后,再去掉w权限。
sudo chmod +w /etc/sudoers
sudo vim /etc/sudoers
# 在 # User privilege specification下添加下方的配置语句
# admin ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
# 注意!上面admin前加# 是为了注释,在实际中不要加#,具体看图
sudo chmod -w /etc/sudoers
由于Ubuntu的软件源更新是在国外,更新非常慢,所以需要将更新源替换为国内源。内有很多Ubuntu的镜像源,包括阿里的、网易的,还有很多教育网的源,比如:清华源、中科大源。
1.首先备份软件源文件:
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak_yyyymmdd
2.使用vim命令修改源文件
【vim的使用请参考:https://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-vim.html】
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
打开/etc/apt/sources.list文件之后,按键盘上的 i 键进入编辑模式,在文件最前面添加以下条目:
#添加阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
添加完条目之后,按以下esc键退出编辑模式,并输入键盘上的 :键切换到底线命令模式,再输入wq保存并退出。
3.进行源更新,输入以下两条命令:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
4.其他国内的源:
##中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
##163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
##清华源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
这里推荐两个大神的源码,一个是Lean,还有一个是ptpt52基于OpenWrt项目做了许多易用性改进的X-WRT。
Lean:https://github.com/coolsnowwolf/lede
X-WRT:https://github.com/x-wrt/x-wrt
上面两位大神都给出了编译的操作过程,经过前面的准备,接下来只要按照大神给出的代码就可以进行编译了。
这里先推荐X-WRT的编译教程,写的比较详细:
https://blog.x-wrt.com/docs/build/
按照上面的链接进行编译,基本都会成功。如果不成功那就需要仔细检查哪里出了问题。如果上面的编译成功了,那就可以继续参考Lean的教程编译Lean的OpenWrt固件。
教程地址依然是:https://github.com/coolsnowwolf/lede
如果还不清楚如何编译,那就参考下方由B站up主梦程MI上传的视频教程
超详细openwrt编译教程 手把手教你用WSL编译openwrt,最高效率工作