> kubernetes 1.5.0 , 配置文档
# 1 初始化环境
## 1.1 环境：
| 节 点 | I P |
|--------|-------------|
|node-1|10.6.0.140|
|node-2|10.6.0.187|
|node-3|10.6.0.188|
## 1.2 设置hostname
hostnamectl --static set-hostname hostname
| I P | hostname |
|-------------|-------------|
|10.6.0.140|k8s-node-1|
|10.6.0.187|k8s-node-2|
|10.6.0.188|k8s-node-3|
## 1.3 配置 hosts
```
vi /etc/hosts
```
| I P | hostname |
|-------------|-------------|
|10.6.0.140|k8s-node-1|
|10.6.0.187|k8s-node-2|
|10.6.0.188|k8s-node-3|
# 2.0 部署 kubernetes master
## 2.1 添加yum
# 使用我朋友的 yum 源，嘿嘿 cat </etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [mritdrepo] name=Mritd Repository baseurl=https://yum.mritd.me/centos/7/x86_64 enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://cdn.mritd.me/keys/rpm.public.key EOF yum makecache yum install -y socat kubelet kubeadm kubectl kubernetes-cni
## 2.2 安装docker
wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh systemctl enable docker systemctl start docker
## 2.3 安装 etcd 集群
yum -y install etcd # 创建etcd data 目录 mkdir -p /opt/etcd/data chown -R etcd:etcd /opt/etcd/ # 修改配置文件，/etc/etcd/etcd.conf 需要修改如下参数： ETCD_NAME=etcd1 ETCD_DATA_DIR="/opt/etcd/data/etcd1.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://10.6.0.140:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.6.0.140:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://10.6.0.140:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=http://10.6.0.140:2380,etcd2=http://10.6.0.187:2380,etcd3=http://10.6.0.188:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="k8s-etcd-cluster" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://10.6.0.140:2379"
# 修改 etcd 启动文件 sed -i 's/\\\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\\\"/\\\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\\\" --listen-client-urls=\\\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\\\" --advertise-client-urls=\\\"${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS}\\\" --initial-cluster-token=\\\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN}\\\" --initial-cluster=\\\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER}\\\" --initial-cluster-state=\\\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE}\\\"/g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
# 启动 etcd
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl start etcd
systemctl status etcd
# 查看集群状态
etcdctl cluster-health
## 2.4 下载镜像
images=(kube-proxy-amd64:v1.5.1 kube-discovery-amd64:1.0 kubedns-amd64:1.9 kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.5.1 kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.5.1 kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.5.1 etcd-amd64:3.0.14-kubeadm kube-dnsmasq-amd64:1.4 exechealthz-amd64:1.2 pause-amd64:3.0 kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.5.0 dnsmasq-metrics-amd64:1.0) for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do docker pull jicki/$imageName docker tag jicki/$imageName gcr.io/google_containers/$imageName docker rmi jicki/$imageName done ``` ``` # 如果速度很慢，可配置一下加速 docker 启动文件 增加 --registry-mirror="http://b438f72b.m.daocloud.io" ```
## 2.4 启动 kubernetes
```
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
```
## 2.5 创建集群
``` kubeadm init --api-advertise-addresses=10.6.0.140 \ --external-etcd-endpoints=http://10.6.0.140:2379,http://10.6.0.187:2379,http://10.6.0.188:2379 \ --use-kubernetes-version v1.5.1 \ --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16 ``` ``` Flag --external-etcd-endpoints has been deprecated, this flag will be removed when componentconfig exists [kubeadm] WARNING: kubeadm is in alpha, please do not use it for production clusters. [preflight] Running pre-flight checks [preflight] Starting the kubelet service [init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.5.1 [tokens] Generated token: "c53ef2.d257d49589d634f0" [certificates] Generated Certificate Authority key and certificate. [certificates] Generated API Server key and certificate [certificates] Generated Service Account signing keys [certificates] Created keys and certificates in "/etc/kubernetes/pki" [kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" [kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" [apiclient] Created API client, waiting for the control plane to become ready [apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 15.299235 seconds [apiclient] Waiting for at least one node to register and become ready [apiclient] First node is ready after 1.002937 seconds [apiclient] Creating a test deployment [apiclient] Test deployment succeeded [token-discovery] Created the kube-discovery deployment, waiting for it to become ready [token-discovery] kube-discovery is ready after 2.502881 seconds [addons] Created essential addon: kube-proxy [addons] Created essential addon: kube-dns Your Kubernetes master has initialized successfully! You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: http://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/addons/ You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each node: kubeadm join --token=c53ef2.d257d49589d634f0 10.6.0.140 ```
## 2.6 记录 token
You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each node: kubeadm join --token=c53ef2.d257d49589d634f0 10.6.0.140
## 2.7 配置网络
``` # 建议先下载镜像，否则容易下载不到 docker pull quay.io/coreos/flannel-git:v0.6.1-28-g5dde68d-amd64 # 或者这样 docker pull jicki/flannel-git:v0.6.1-28-g5dde68d-amd64 docker tag jicki/flannel-git:v0.6.1-28-g5dde68d-amd64 quay.io/coreos/flannel-git:v0.6.1-28-g5dde68d-amd64 docker rmi jicki/flannel-git:v0.6.1-28-g5dde68d-amd64 ``` ``` # http://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/addons/ 这里有多种网络模式，选择一种 # 这里选择 Flannel 选择 Flannel init 时必须配置 --pod-network-cidr kubectl create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml ```
## 2.8 检查 kubelet 状态
systemctl status kubelet
# 3.0 部署 kubernetes node
## 3.1 安装docker
``` wget -qO- https://get.docker.com/ | sh systemctl enable docker systemctl start docker ```
## 3.2 下载镜像
``` images=(kube-proxy-amd64:v1.5.1 kube-discovery-amd64:1.0 kubedns-amd64:1.9 kube-scheduler-amd64:v1.5.1 kube-controller-manager-amd64:v1.5.1 kube-apiserver-amd64:v1.5.1 etcd-amd64:3.0.14-kubeadm kube-dnsmasq-amd64:1.4 exechealthz-amd64:1.2 pause-amd64:3.0 kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.5.0 dnsmasq-metrics-amd64:1.0) for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do docker pull jicki/$imageName docker tag jicki/$imageName gcr.io/google_containers/$imageName docker rmi jicki/$imageName done ```
## 3.3 启动 kubernetes
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
## 3.4 加入集群
kubeadm join --token=c53ef2.d257d49589d634f0 10.6.0.140
Node join complete: * Certificate signing request sent to master and response received. * Kubelet informed of new secure connection details. Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the master to see this machine join.
## 3.5 查看集群状态
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get node NAME STATUS AGE k8s-node-1 Ready,master 27m k8s-node-2 Ready 6s k8s-node-3 Ready 9s
## 3.6 查看服务状态
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get pods --all-namespaces NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kube-system dummy-2088944543-qrp68 1/1 Running 1 1h kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-node-1 1/1 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-node-1 1/1 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-discovery-1769846148-g2lpc 1/1 Running 1 1h kube-system kube-dns-2924299975-xbhv4 4/4 Running 3 1h kube-system kube-flannel-ds-39g5n 2/2 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-flannel-ds-dwc82 2/2 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-flannel-ds-qpkm0 2/2 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-proxy-16c50 1/1 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-proxy-5rkc8 1/1 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-proxy-xwrq0 1/1 Running 2 1h kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-node-1 1/1 Running 2 1h
# 4.0 设置 kubernetes
## 4.1 其他主机控制集群
``` # 备份master节点的 配置文件 /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf # 保存至 其他电脑, 通过执行配置文件控制集群 kubectl --kubeconfig ./admin.conf get nodes ```
## 4.2 配置dashboard
``` #下载 yaml 文件, 直接导入会去官方拉取images curl -O https://rawgit.com/kubernetes/dashboard/master/src/deploy/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml #编辑 yaml 文件 vi kubernetes-dashboard.yaml image: gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.4.0 修改为 image: gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.5.0 imagePullPolicy: Always 修改为 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent ``` ``` kubectl create -f ./kubernetes-dashboard.yaml deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" created service "kubernetes-dashboard" created ``` ``` # 查看 NodePort ，既外网访问端口 kubectl describe svc kubernetes-dashboard --namespace=kube-system NodePort:31736/TCP ``` ``` # 访问 dashboard http://10.6.0.140:31736 ```
# 5.0 kubernetes 应用部署
## 5.1 部署一个 nginx rc
> 编写 一个 nginx yaml
``` apiVersion: v1 kind: ReplicationController metadata: name: nginx-rc spec: replicas: 2 selector: name: nginx template: metadata: labels: name: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent ports: - containerPort: 80 ``` ``` [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get rc NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE nginx-rc 2 2 2 2m [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get pod -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE nginx-rc-2s8k9 1/1 Running 0 10m 10.32.0.3 k8s-node-1 nginx-rc-s16cm 1/1 Running 0 10m 10.40.0.1 k8s-node-2
> 编写一个 nginx service 让集群内部容器可以访问 (ClusterIp)
``` apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: nginx-svc spec: ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 80 protocol: TCP selector: name: nginx ``` ``` [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl create -f nginx-svc.yaml service "nginx-svc" created [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get svc -o wide NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR kubernetes 10.0.0.1443/TCP 2d nginx-svc 10.6.164.79 80/TCP 29s name=nginx ``` > 编写一个 curl 的pods ``` apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: curl spec: containers: - name: curl image: radial/busyboxplus:curl command: - sh - -c - while true; do sleep 1; done ``` ``` # 测试pods 内部通信 [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl exec curl curl nginx ``` ``` # 在任何node节点中，可使用ip访问 [root@k8s-node-2 ~]# curl 10.6.164.79 [root@k8s-node-3 ~]# curl 10.6.164.79 ```
> 编写一个 nginx service 让外部可以访问 (NodePort)
``` apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: nginx-svc-node spec: ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 80 protocol: TCP type: NodePort selector: name: nginx ``` ``` [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get svc -o wide NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR kubernetes 10.0.0.1443/TCP 2d nginx-svc 10.6.164.79 80/TCP 29m name=nginx nginx-svc-node 10.12.95.227 80/TCP 17s name=nginx [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl describe svc nginx-svc-node |grep NodePort Type: NodePort NodePort: 32669/TCP ``` ``` # 使用 ALL node节点物理IP + 端口访问 http://10.6.0.140:32669 http://10.6.0.187:32669 http://10.6.0.188:32669 ```
## 5.2 部署一个 zookeeper 集群
> 编写 一个 zookeeper-cluster.yaml
``` apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: zookeeper-1 spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: name: zookeeper-1 spec: containers: - name: zookeeper-1 image: zk:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: NODE_ID value: "1" - name: NODES value: "0.0.0.0,zookeeper-2,zookeeper-3" ports: - containerPort: 2181 --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: zookeeper-2 spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: name: zookeeper-2 spec: containers: - name: zookeeper-2 image: zk:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: NODE_ID value: "2" - name: NODES value: "zookeeper-1,0.0.0.0,zookeeper-3" ports: - containerPort: 2181 --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: zookeeper-3 spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: name: zookeeper-3 spec: containers: - name: zookeeper-3 image: zk:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: NODE_ID value: "3" - name: NODES value: "zookeeper-1,zookeeper-2,0.0.0.0" ports: - containerPort: 2181 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: zookeeper-1 labels: name: zookeeper-1 spec: ports: - name: client port: 2181 protocol: TCP - name: followers port: 2888 protocol: TCP - name: election port: 3888 protocol: TCP selector: name: zookeeper-1 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: zookeeper-2 labels: name: zookeeper-2 spec: ports: - name: client port: 2181 protocol: TCP - name: followers port: 2888 protocol: TCP - name: election port: 3888 protocol: TCP selector: name: zookeeper-2 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: zookeeper-3 labels: name: zookeeper-3 spec: ports: - name: client port: 2181 protocol: TCP - name: followers port: 2888 protocol: TCP - name: election port: 3888 protocol: TCP selector: name: zookeeper-3 ``` ``` [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl create -f zookeeper-cluster.yaml --record [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get pods -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE zookeeper-1-2149121414-cfyt4 1/1 Running 0 51m 10.32.0.3 k8s-node-2 zookeeper-2-2653289864-0bxee 1/1 Running 0 51m 10.40.0.1 k8s-node-3 zookeeper-3-3158769034-5csqy 1/1 Running 0 51m 10.40.0.2 k8s-node-3 [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get deployment -o wide NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE zookeeper-1 1 1 1 1 51m zookeeper-2 1 1 1 1 51m zookeeper-3 1 1 1 1 51m [root@k8s-node-1 ~]#kubectl get svc -o wide NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE SELECTOR zookeeper-1 10.8.111.192181/TCP,2888/TCP,3888/TCP 51m name=zookeeper-1 zookeeper-2 10.6.10.124 2181/TCP,2888/TCP,3888/TCP 51m name=zookeeper-2 zookeeper-3 10.0.146.143 2181/TCP,2888/TCP,3888/TCP 51m name=zookeeper-3
## 5.3 部署一个 kafka 集群
> 编写 一个 kafka-cluster.yaml
``` apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: kafka-deployment-1 spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: name: kafka-1 spec: containers: - name: kafka-1 image: kafka:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: NODE_ID value: "1" - name: ZK_NODES value: "zookeeper-1,zookeeper-2,zookeeper-3" ports: - containerPort: 9092 --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: kafka-deployment-2 spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: name: kafka-2 spec: containers: - name: kafka-2 image: kafka:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: NODE_ID value: "2" - name: ZK_NODES value: "zookeeper-1,zookeeper-2,zookeeper-3" ports: - containerPort: 9092 --- apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: kafka-deployment-3 spec: replicas: 1 template: metadata: labels: name: kafka-3 spec: containers: - name: kafka-3 image: kafka:alpine imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: NODE_ID value: "3" - name: ZK_NODES value: "zookeeper-1,zookeeper-2,zookeeper-3" ports: - containerPort: 9092 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: kafka-1 labels: name: kafka-1 spec: ports: - name: client port: 9092 protocol: TCP selector: name: kafka-1 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: kafka-2 labels: name: kafka-2 spec: ports: - name: client port: 9092 protocol: TCP selector: name: kafka-2 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: kafka-3 labels: name: kafka-3 spec: ports: - name: client port: 9092 protocol: TCP selector: name: kafka-3 ```
# FAQ:
## kube-discovery error
failed to create "kube-discovery" deployment [deployments.extensions "kube-discovery" already exists] kubeadm reset kubeadm init