什么是EPEL源?

EPEL 是 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 的缩写（EPEL），是用于 Fedora-based Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 的一个高质量软件源，所以同时也适用于 CentOS 或者 Scientific Linux 等发行版。经常默认就在企业级的Linux系统上，完全由官方提供包和更新检测，这样就可以保证安装包的安全性和完整性，不过也有第三方非官网提供的安装包。比如：强大的配置工具Puppet就不是默认安装在repo的，那么怎么杜绝这种第三方的安装包呢？解决的办法就是启用EPEL.

CentOS, Red-hat, Oracle 和Scientific Linux的官网 repos没有的安装包有以下

ansible - SSH-based configuration management, deployment, and task execution system
cfengine - A systems administration tool for networks
nagios - Nagios monitors hosts and services and yells if something breaks
puppet - A network tool for managing many disparate systems
rsnapshot - Local and remote file system snapshot utility
p7zip - Very high compression ratio file archiver
clamav - Anti-virus software
wine - A compatibility layer for windows applications
ncftp - Improved console FTP client
hddtemp - Hard disk temperature tool
open - A full-featured SSL VPN solution
Pound - Reverse proxy and load balancer
fail2ban - Ban IPs that make too many password failures

可以访问下面的链接查看更多

http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/repoview/

RHEL上安装EPEL repo

如果你是使用的基于RHEL的系统，类似Centos, Oracle和Scientific Linux 的话，我们可以使用下面的命令来安装，对于安装其他的 4.x, 5.x, 6.x and 7.x.等版本，我们只要替换下面的版本号就可以了

On Rhel 6.8 32 bit version:
rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

对于RHEL 6.8 64位版本的

rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

对于RHEL 6.8 PPC64版本的:

rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/ppc64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

例如

[root@diskstuff ~]# rpm -ivh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.mk9iVg: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:epel-release           ########################################### [100%]
[root@diskstuff ~]#

Note: 我们不再使用wgte或者是其他的下载安装命令, 我们只需要把http指向rpm就可以从指定的连接下载下来.

我们来检测上面的任何一个安装包是否可以安装

[root@diskstuff ~]# yum install fail2ban
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/metalink                                                                                                           | 3.7 kB     00:00     
 * base: mirror.web24.net.au
 * epel: mirror.web24.net.au
 * extras: mirror.web24.net.au
 * updates: mirror.web24.net.au
epel                                                                                                                    | 4.4 kB     00:00     
epel/primary_db                                                                                                         | 5.1 MB     00:03     
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package fail2ban.noarch 0:0.8.11-2.el6 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: python-inotify for package: fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-inotify.noarch 0:0.9.1-1.el6 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================
 Package                                Arch                           Version                              Repository                    Size
===============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 fail2ban                               noarch                         0.8.11-2.el6                         epel                         221 k
Installing for dependencies:
 python-inotify                         noarch                         0.9.1-1.el6                          epel                          50 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================
Install       2 Package(s)
Upgrade       0 Package(s)
Total download size: 271 k
Installed size: 1.0 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch.rpm                                                                                 | 221 kB     00:00     
(2/2): python-inotify-0.9.1-1.el6.noarch.rpm                                                                            |  50 kB     00:00     
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                          139 kB/s | 271 kB     00:01     
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
epel/gpgkey                                                                                                             | 3.2 kB     00:00 ...
Importing GPG key 0x0608B895 "EPEL (6) " from /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Installing     : python-inotify-0.9.1-1.el6.noarch                                                                                       1/2
  Installing     : fail2ban-0.8.11-2.el6.noarch                                                                                            2/2
Installed:
  fail2ban.noarch 0:0.8.11-2.el6                                                                                                               
Dependency Installed:
  python-inotify.noarch 0:0.9.1-1.el6                                                                                                          
Complete!
[root@diskstuff ~]#

如果你不能安装或者发现它的EPEL没有启用的话

[root@diskstuff ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearc
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

当我们把设置成enabled=1的时候，通过yum clean all来刷新repo后我们就可以在EPEL源里面安装所有的软件了

安装 EPEL 源

原始参考页面：

https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL#How_can_I_use_these_extra_packages.3F
https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/repoview/epel-release.html
镜像列表：https://admin.fedoraproject.org/mirrormanager/mirrors/EPEL

下载并安装最新的 EPEL Repository 自动安装程序* **EPEL 上的 7.5 版本 x86_64（64 位系统），

# 7.5
yum install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm

或者也可从教育网镜像下载（USTC）

# 7.5 64位，教育网镜像（USTC）
yum install https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm

中国科学院开源软件协会镜像为

# 7.5 64位 x86_64
yum install http://mirrors.opencas.cn/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm

配置 EPEL Repository

使用熟悉的文本编辑器打开 EPEL repository 配置文件 /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
为 EPEL repository 安装源设置优先级：将 priority=3 添加到 [epel] 一节的末尾。

** 可以查看 EPEL 安装源下载页面以确定当前的最新版本（注意选择合适的系统：32位在 /i386 目录下；64 位在 /x86_64 目录下）。

EPEL 的官方文档/支持网站是 Fedora EPEL Wiki。

更新

2015-10-17

修改为 EL 7.5 地址。去掉 sohu 镜像，因为它很久没更新了；增加中科院开源协会镜像，但是它的加密连接证书似乎有问题。

2014-11-02

增加 EL 7.2 下载地址。

2013-09-27

更新到 EL 6.8 下载地址。

2012-09-27

更新到 EL 6.7 下载地址。

2012-02-24

更新文中 EL6 版本下载链接到新地址

1. Centos 6中使用repo来安装xpra或者winswitch
2.Ubuntu15.04如何添加163源
3.Redhat Linux RHEL5配置CentOS YUM更新源
4.Redhat6.5（红帽6.5）怎么配置yum本地源

转载地址：http://www.linuxdown.net/install/soft/2016/0321/5082.html

RHEL6.8/CentOS/Oracle Linux上安装和启用EPEL源repo

什么是EPEL源?

RHEL上安装EPEL repo

安装 EPEL 源

配置 EPEL Repository

更新

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