servlet的init()方法抛出空指针异常

 2017 8:22:26 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
严重: Allocate exception for servlet LifeCycleServlet
java.lang.NullPointerException
	at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.getServletContext(GenericServlet.java:123)
	at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.log(GenericServlet.java:188)
	at com.helloweenvsfel.servlet.LifeCycleServlet.init(LifeCycleServlet.java:17)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1238)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1151)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.allocate(StandardWrapper.java:828)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:135)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:528)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1099)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:670)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1520)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1476)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

init方法是在Servlet实例化之后执行的,并且只执行一次。
.先说init(ServletConfig)中参数ServletConfig,代表的是配置信息。即在web.xml中配置的信息,比如:

    
        RDSDispatchServlet
RDSDispatchServlet
        flex.rds.server.servlet.FrontEndServlet
useAppserverSecurity
true
       
        10
    
   在程序中可以用this.getServletConfig()方法得到ServletConfig的实例,然后用ServletConfig的相应方法 可以得到ServletConfig的名字(getServletName)和配置参数的名字(getInitParameter("name"))或者 名字枚举(getInitParameterNames()),并且通过参数名字得到相应的参数值。具体方法参见API。

二.再说说init方法,从源码中我们不难发现:Servlet接口里面只有init(ServletConfig),这是供tomcat调用的。GenericServlet类里面有成员变量ServletConfig,init(ServletConfig)方法和init()方法:

                        private transient ServletConfig config;

                        public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException{
                            this.config=config;
                            this.init();
                        }

                        public void init() throws ServletException{

                        }
现在一切都很明了了,当容器(tomcat)帮忙调用init(ServletConfig config)并且给传过来一个参数config,这个方法把参数对象的引用指向类的成员变量this.config,并且调用类的 this.init()方法。如果我们在写Servlet类时只要重写init(ServletConfig config)就可以了,但是init()不就成了多余的了吗?实际上init()方法是为了防止程序员在写Servlet类重写 init(ServletConfig config)时忘记写super.init(ServletConfig config),这样就容易造成出现空指针异常。而这就要求我们最好不要重写init(ServletConfig config)。

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