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现在网上能搜到的关于Android原生Launcher的一些文章,大多数是基于Android 7.0或者更早之前的,比较老旧。虽说依然可以作为参考,但是经过几个大版本的演进,还是多多少少有些不同的。于是打算自己写一写基于最新AOSP的Launcher3代码分析,供大家参考。
Android开机过程中,会把各种系统服务拉起,并且调用其systemReady()函数。其中最关键的ActivityManagerService拉起后,systemReady()中调用了一个函数startHomeActivityLocked(),
public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback, TimingsTraceLog traceLog) {
...
startHomeActivityLocked(currentUserId, "systemReady");
...
}
看一下这个函数
boolean startHomeActivityLocked(int userId, String reason) {
if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL
&& mTopAction == null) {
// We are running in factory test mode, but unable to find
// the factory test app, so just sit around displaying the
// error message and don't try to start anything.
return false;
}
Intent intent = getHomeIntent();
ActivityInfo aInfo = resolveActivityInfo(intent, STOCK_PM_FLAGS, userId);
if (aInfo != null) {
intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName, aInfo.name));
// Don't do this if the home app is currently being
// instrumented.
aInfo = new ActivityInfo(aInfo);
aInfo.applicationInfo = getAppInfoForUser(aInfo.applicationInfo, userId);
ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(aInfo.processName,
aInfo.applicationInfo.uid, true);
if (app == null || app.instr == null) {
intent.setFlags(intent.getFlags() | FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
final int resolvedUserId = UserHandle.getUserId(aInfo.applicationInfo.uid);
// For ANR debugging to verify if the user activity is the one that actually
// launched.
final String myReason = reason + ":" + userId + ":" + resolvedUserId;
mActivityStartController.startHomeActivity(intent, aInfo, myReason);
}
} else {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "No home screen found for " + intent, new Throwable());
}
return true;
}
这里会首先构造一个带有HOME category的Intent,用此intent来从PackageManagerService查询对应的ActivityInfo。
Intent getHomeIntent() {
Intent intent = new Intent(mTopAction, mTopData != null ? Uri.parse(mTopData) : null);
intent.setComponent(mTopComponent);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_TRIAGED_MISSING);
if (mFactoryTest != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL) {
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
}
return intent;
}
这其中的mTopAction和mTopComponent,在工厂模式(不是设计模式的那个,而是前面代码里的factory test mode,应该是用于工厂生产使用的)下会被指定为其他内容,这个我们不需要关心。普通情况下就是ACTION_MAIN和null。那么category指定为CATEGORY_HOME后,查询的就是在Manifest中声明了该category的应用了。而系统的Launcher3应用就是在Manifest中声明了CATEGORY_HOME的,那么是不是这样一来就可以拉起Launcher了呢?没那么简单,这中间还有一点弯弯绕绕。
搜索系统源码,可以发现Settings中有一个Activity同样声明了CATEGORY_HOME,即FallbackHome(其实还有另外一个,不过正常启动系统是不会出现的)。如果把锁屏方式设置为无,重启之后可能是可以先看到一个“android正在启动”的页面,然后才真正出现了Launcher。那既然有两个声明了CATEGORY_HOME的页面,为什么不是开机后出现一个选择框让用户选择启动哪个呢?
我们知道Android 7.0之后增加了一个DirectBoot模式,详见https://developer.android.google.cn/training/articles/direct-boot.html?hl=zh-cn
对比两个应用,Settings是在Manifest中声明了android:directBootAware=“true”,而Launcher没有,所以在此情况下,因此刚开机时,其实只有FallbackHome这个页面会被检索到,也就不会出现应用选择的对话框了。然后FallbackHome这个界面会一直检测当前是否已经具备唤醒正常Launcher的条件,如果OK,就finish掉自己。见下面这段代码(来自FallbackHome.java)
private void maybeFinish() {
if (getSystemService(UserManager.class).isUserUnlocked()) {
final Intent homeIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN)
.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
final ResolveInfo homeInfo = getPackageManager().resolveActivity(homeIntent, 0);
if (Objects.equals(getPackageName(), homeInfo.activityInfo.packageName)) {
if (UserManager.isSplitSystemUser()
&& UserHandle.myUserId() == UserHandle.USER_SYSTEM) {
// This avoids the situation where the system user has no home activity after
// SUW and this activity continues to throw out warnings. See b/28870689.
return;
}
Log.d(TAG, "User unlocked but no home; let's hope someone enables one soon?");
mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(0, 500);
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "User unlocked and real home found; let's go!");
getSystemService(PowerManager.class).userActivity(
SystemClock.uptimeMillis(), false);
finish();
}
}
}
finish之后系统会再次调用到AMS的startHomeActivityLocked,这时候就已经可以查询到两个声明CATEGORY_HOME的activity了。但此时依然不会有应用选择对话框。这是因为FallbackHome在manifest中声明了自己的优先级为-1000,PackageManagerService里面对这样的情况是做了处理的。我们可以看一下PMS里的resolveIntent来检索符合CATEGORY_HOME条件的应用时执行的逻辑逻辑。resolveIntent会调用到resolveIntentInternal。
private ResolveInfo resolveIntentInternal(Intent intent, String resolvedType,
int flags, int userId, boolean resolveForStart, int filterCallingUid) {
try {
Trace.traceBegin(TRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER, "resolveIntent");
if (!sUserManager.exists(userId)) return null;
final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
flags = updateFlagsForResolve(flags, userId, intent, filterCallingUid, resolveForStart);
mPermissionManager.enforceCrossUserPermission(callingUid, userId,
false /*requireFullPermission*/, false /*checkShell*/, "resolve intent");
Trace.traceBegin(TRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER, "queryIntentActivities");
final List query = queryIntentActivitiesInternal(intent, resolvedType,
flags, filterCallingUid, userId, resolveForStart, true /*allowDynamicSplits*/);
Trace.traceEnd(TRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER);
final ResolveInfo bestChoice =
chooseBestActivity(intent, resolvedType, flags, query, userId);
return bestChoice;
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(TRACE_TAG_PACKAGE_MANAGER);
}
}
resolveIntentInternal中,query这个List就是符合查询条件的所有组件,在此场景下也就是FallbackHome与Launcher3两个应用Activity了。然后在chooseBestActivity中,当出现一些优先级不同的情况时,系统会返回query List中的第一个元素(第一个元素在此情况下就是Launcher3的Activity,有兴趣的读者可以看下PMS的mResolvePrioritySorter,这里说明了返回List的排序规则)。
private ResolveInfo chooseBestActivity(Intent intent, String resolvedType,
int flags, List query, int userId) {
...
} else if (N > 1) {
final boolean debug = ((intent.getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION) != 0);
// If there is more than one activity with the same priority,
// then let the user decide between them.
ResolveInfo r0 = query.get(0);
ResolveInfo r1 = query.get(1);
if (DEBUG_INTENT_MATCHING || debug) {
Slog.v(TAG, r0.activityInfo.name + "=" + r0.priority + " vs "
+ r1.activityInfo.name + "=" + r1.priority);
}
// If the first activity has a higher priority, or a different
// default, then it is always desirable to pick it.
if (r0.priority != r1.priority
|| r0.preferredOrder != r1.preferredOrder
|| r0.isDefault != r1.isDefault) {
return query.get(0);
}
...
}
这里进行另一个实践,把FallbackHome在Manifest中声明的priority去除,使其与Launcher3同等优先级,然后重启。这下就会出现应用选择对话框了。
于是经过前面所述的逻辑后,系统桌面Launcher3就正式登场了。下一篇将分析Launcher3的启动流程。
作者:当心你的背后
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/35e66fe56a58
来源:简书
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