最近新接手智能硬件的项目,要用到ios蓝牙,接下来把最近收集的资料和查到的相关信息分享给大家,划分为一下几个方面
1. ios蓝牙库的基本介绍-CoreBluetooth
2. CoreBluetooth使用详解
3. 相关问题
1. ios蓝牙库的基本介绍-CoreBluetooth
首先熟悉相关名词:Central(中心设备)、Peripheral(外围设备)、advertising(广告)、Services(服务)、Characteristic(特征)
Central:自己的设备(蓝牙)
Peripheral:搜索到的设备
advertising:扫描到外围设备时,外围设备所携带的相关信息(有字节长度限制,这
些信息一般都是设备的相关信息)
Services:外围设备的服务
Characteristic:外围设备的的特征(可以理解为发现相关服务后,服务下的特征)
2. CoreBluetooth使用详解
#import <CoreBluetooth/CoreBluetooth.h>
<CBCentralManagerDelegate,CBPeripheralDelegate>
self.manager = [[CBCentralManager alloc]initWithDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];
self.manager.delegate = self;
self.BleViewPerArr = [[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithCapacity:1];
-(void)scan{
//判断状态开始扫瞄周围设备 第一个参数为空则会扫瞄所有的可连接设备 你可以
//指定一个CBUUID对象 从而只扫瞄注册用指定服务的设备
//scanForPeripheralsWithServices方法调用完后会调用代理CBCentralManagerDelegate的
//- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI方法
[self.manager scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil options:@{ CBCentralManagerScanOptionAllowDuplicatesKey : @NO }];
//记录目前是扫描状态
_bluetoothState = BluetoothStateScaning;
//清空所有外设数组
[self.BleViewPerArr removeAllObjects];
//如果蓝牙状态未开启,提示开启蓝牙
if(_bluetoothFailState==BluetoothFailStateByOff)
{
NSLog(@"%@",@"检查您的蓝牙是否开启后重试");
}
}
- (void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager *)central
{
if (central.state != CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn) {
NSLog(@"fail, state is off.");
switch (central.state) {
case CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff:
NSLog(@"连接失败了\n请您再检查一下您的手机蓝牙是否开启,\n然后再试一次吧");
_bluetoothFailState = BluetoothFailStateByOff;
break;
case CBCentralManagerStateResetting:
_bluetoothFailState=BluetoothFailStateByTimeout;
break;
case CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported:
NSLog(@"检测到您的手机不支持蓝牙4.0\n所以建立不了连接.建议更换您\n的手机再试试。");
_bluetoothFailState = BluetoothFailStateByHW;
break;
case CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized:
NSLog(@"连接失败了\n请您再检查一下您的手机蓝牙是否开启,\n然后再试一次吧");
_bluetoothFailState = BluetoothFailStateUnauthorized;
break;
case CBCentralManagerStateUnknown:
_bluetoothFailState = BluetoothFailStateUnKnow;
break;
default:
break;
}
return;
}
_bluetoothFailState = BluetoothFailStateUnExit;
// ... so start scanning
}
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central
didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
advertisementData:(NSDictionary *)advertisementData
RSSI:(NSNumber *)RSSI
{
if (peripheral == nil||peripheral.identifier == nil/*||peripheral.name == nil*/)
{
return;
}
NSString *pername=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",peripheral.name];
//判断是否存在@"你的设备名"
NSRange range=[pername rangeOfString:@"你的设备名"];
//如果从搜索到的设备中找到指定设备名,和BleViewPerArr数组没有它的地址
//加入BleViewPerArr数组
if(range.location!=NSNotFound&&[_BleViewPerArr containsObject:peripheral]==NO){
[_BleViewPerArr addObject:peripheral];
}
_bluetoothFailState = BluetoothFailStateUnExit;
_bluetoothState = BluetoothStateScanSuccess;
}
advertisementData即为蓝牙的广播信息,打印信息如下(不同设备携带数据不同,打印查看,或在硬件文档中查看相关key与value)
{
kCBAdvDataIsConnectable = 1;
kCBAdvDataLocalName = "brand";
kCBAdvDataTxPowerLevel = 2;
}
//连接设备,调用此方法,peripheral即为存放在数组中的需要连接的设备(根据自己的需要,判断要连接的设备,取出后调用此方芳连接)
[_manager connectPeripheral:peripheral
options:@{CBConnectPeripheralOptionNotifyOnConnectionKey:@YES}];
// 获取当前设备
- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager *)central didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral
{
NSLog(@"%@",peripheral);
// 设置设备代理
[peripheral setDelegate:self];
// 大概获取服务和特征
[peripheral discoverServices:nil];
//或许只获取你的设备蓝牙服务的uuid数组,一个或者多个
//[peripheral discoverServices:@[[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@""],[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@""]]];
NSLog(@"Peripheral Connected");
[_manager stopScan];
NSLog(@"Scanning stopped");
_bluetoothState=BluetoothStateConnected;
}
注意:连接失败会调用- (void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager )central didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral )peripheral error:(NSError )error*
// 获取当前设备服务services
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverServices:(NSError *)error
{
if (error) {
NSLog(@"Error discovering services: %@", [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
NSLog(@"所有的servicesUUID%@",peripheral.services);
//遍历所有service
for (CBService *service in peripheral.services)
{
NSLog(@"服务%@",service.UUID);
//找到你需要的servicesuuid
if ([service.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"你的设备服务的uuid"]])
{
//监听它
[peripheral discoverCharacteristics:nil forService:service];
}
}
NSLog(@"此时链接的peripheral:%@",peripheral);
}
重点:(获取特征值后,可以订阅这个特征的通知,也可写入信息到设备,这两种操作均会返回信息,实现与蓝牙设备的交互,看下面的内容)
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService *)service error:(NSError *)error
{
if (error)
{
NSLog(@"Discovered characteristics for %@ with error: %@", service.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
NSLog(@"服务:%@",service.UUID);
// 特征
for (CBCharacteristic *characteristic in service.characteristics)
{
NSLog(@"%@",characteristic.UUID);
//发现特征
//注意:uuid 分为可读,可写,要区别对待!!!
//为蓝牙设备写入信息
if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"你的特征uuid"]])
{
NSLog(@"监听:%@",characteristic);//监听特征
//保存characteristic特征值对象
//以后发信息也是用这个uuid
_characteristic1 = characteristic;
[discoveredPeripheral writeValue:d1 forCharacteristic:characteristic1 type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];
}
//订阅characteristic特征值的通知
if ([characteristic.UUID isEqual:[CBUUID UUIDWithString:@"你的特征uuid"]])
{
// _characteristic2 = characteristic;
// [peripheral setNotifyValue:YES forCharacteristic:_characteristic2];
// NSLog(@"监听:%@",characteristic);//监听特征
}
}
}
(上段代码中writeValue:为设备写入信息、setNotifyValue:订阅_characteristic2的通知都会返回信息,返回的信息会在对应的代代理方法中获取:代码中打印的characteristic.value即为返回值)
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didWriteValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(nullable NSError *)error{
if (error)
{
NSLog(@"Error updating value for characteristic %@ error: %@", characteristic.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
NSLog(@"收到的数据:%@",characteristic.value);
}
- (void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral *)peripheral didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic *)characteristic error:(NSError *)error
{
if (error)
{
NSLog(@"Error updating value for characteristic %@ error: %@", characteristic.UUID, [error localizedDescription]);
return;
}
NSLog(@"收到的数据:%@",characteristic.value);
}
3. 相关问题
获取蓝牙设备的mac地址
由于框架中不带获取mac地址的相关api,不能像安卓一样通过调用getadress方法获取,ios通过向蓝牙设备写入信息,返回相关的mac地址。具体操作:硬件工程师把mac地址写入指定的特征,ios端调用writeValue:方法传入硬件工程师指定的数据,通过didupdatevalue方法获取到返回的mac地址
实现手机与蓝牙设备的绑定问题
实现手机与蓝牙设备的绑定原理同获取mac地址:写入相关的手机信息,蓝牙设备存储了手机信息,didupdatevalue方法返回了成功的信息即实现了绑定
ps:有什么问题,活着不明白的可在评论区留言或发送站内信,看到后定会及时回复,毕竟都是一步一步踩坑过来的,后续碰到什么问题,也会及时更新在3. 相关问题