FCM(GCM)android消息推送

FCM（GCM）

1. 进入Firebase的控制台添加我们的项目（firebaseProject）（https://console.firebase.google.com/）

    按照官方引导操作就可以了。

    如果使用的是AS 2.3以上版本可以按照如下图的步骤进行FirebaseProject的配置（需要测试设备安装了Google play的商店应用或者Google API的模拟器）

2. 如果是通过AS的引导进行配置项目的话一下步骤可以跳过（AS会自动帮我们配置完成了）

     在应用级的build.gradle中添加对FCM的依赖

     在dependencies{ ... }中添加

compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:10.0.1'

     同时在此文件中的 最后一行添加

apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

3. 环境部署完之后，现在开始配置我们的项目

     按照官方文档上面：

• 一项可以扩展 FirebaseMessagingService 的服务。如果您希望在后台进行接收应用通知之外的任何消息处理，则必须添加此服务。要在前台应用中接收通知、接收数据负载以及发送上游消息等，您必须扩展此服务。
• 一项可以扩展 FirebaseInstanceIdService 的服务，用于处理注册令牌的创建、轮转和更新。如果要发送至特定设备或者创建设备群组，则必须添加此服务。
• 如果FCM对于 Android 应用的功能至关重要，应确保在清单中设置 android:minSdkVersion="8" 或更高版本。这可确保 Android 应用无法安装在其不能正常运行的环境中

 3.1扩展 FirebaseMessagingService:

    在我们的项目中new service继承FirebaseMessagingService

     重写onMessageReceived方法，和发送通知的方法，完整如下

package com.example.tao.fcm;

import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.RingtoneManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.util.Log;
import android.content.Context;

import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessagingService;
import com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage;

public class MyFCMService extends FirebaseMessagingService {
    private static final String TAG = "MyFCMService";
    public MyFCMService() {
    }

    @Override
    public void onMessageReceived(RemoteMessage remoteMessage) {
        // [START_EXCLUDE]
        // There are two types of messages data messages and notification messages. Data messages are handled
        // here in onMessageReceived whether the app is in the foreground or background. Data messages are the type
        // traditionally used with GCM. Notification messages are only received here in onMessageReceived when the app
        // is in the foreground. When the app is in the background an automatically generated notification is displayed.
        // When the user taps on the notification they are returned to the app. Messages containing both notification
        // and data payloads are treated as notification messages. The Firebase console always sends notification
        // messages. For more see: https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/concept-options
        // [END_EXCLUDE]

        // TODO(developer): Handle FCM messages here.
        // Not getting messages here? See why this may be: https://goo.gl/39bRNJ
        Log.d(TAG, "From: " + remoteMessage.getFrom());

        // Check if message contains a data payload.
        if (remoteMessage.getData().size() > 0) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Message data payload: " + remoteMessage.getData());
        }

        // Check if message contains a notification payload.
        if (remoteMessage.getNotification() != null) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Message Notification Body: " + remoteMessage.getNotification().getBody());
        }
        sendNotification(remoteMessage.getNotification().getBody());
        // Also if you intend on generating your own notifications as a result of a received FCM
        // message, here is where that should be initiated. See sendNotification method below.
    }

    private void sendNotification(String messageBody) {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, fcm.class);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0 /* Request code */, intent,
                PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);

        Uri defaultSoundUri= RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION);
        NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat_ic_notification)
                .setContentTitle("FCM Message")
                .setContentText(messageBody)
                .setAutoCancel(true)
                .setSound(defaultSoundUri)
                .setContentIntent(pendingIntent);

        NotificationManager notificationManager =
                (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

        notificationManager.notify(0 /* ID of notification */, notificationBuilder.build());
    }
}

 3.2 扩展FirebaseInstanceIdService

同样创建一个service继承FirebaseInstanceIdService，该service主要是获取目标设备的token，用于定点发送通知

package com.example.tao.fcm;

import android.util.Log;

import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceId;
import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceIdService;


/**
 * Created by tao on 16-12-13.
 */

public class TokenRefreshService extends FirebaseInstanceIdService {
    private static final String TAG = "TokenRefreshService";
    @Override
    public void onTokenRefresh() {
        // Get updated InstanceID token.
        String refreshedToken = FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken();
        Log.d(TAG, "Refreshed token: " + refreshedToken);

        // If you want to send messages to this application instance or
        // manage this apps subscriptions on the server side, send the
        // Instance ID token to your app server.
        sendRegistrationToServer(refreshedToken);
    }
    private void sendRegistrationToServer(String token) {
        // TODO: Implement this method to send token to your app server.
    }

}
最后在manifests.xml中配置下我们的两个service

<service android:name=".MyFCMService">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
    intent-filter>
service>
<service android:name=".TokenRefreshService">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="com.google.firebase.INSTANCE_ID_EVENT" />
    intent-filter>
service>

4. 写一下我们的Activity

package com.example.tao.fcm;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceId;
import com.google.firebase.messaging.FirebaseMessaging;

public class fcm extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "fcm";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_fcm);
//        trs.onTokenRefresh();

        if (getIntent().getExtras() != null) {
            for (String key : getIntent().getExtras().keySet()) {
                Object value = getIntent().getExtras().get(key);
                Log.d(TAG, "Key: " + key + " Value: " + value);
            }
        }
        // [END handle_data_extras]

        Button subscribeButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.subscribeButton);
        subscribeButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // [START subscribe_topics]
                FirebaseMessaging.getInstance().subscribeToTopic("news");
                // [END subscribe_topics]

                // Log and toast
                String msg = getString(R.string.msg_subscribed);
                Log.d(TAG, msg);
                Toast.makeText(fcm.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        Button logTokenButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.logTokenButton);
        logTokenButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                // Get token
                String token = FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken();

                // Log and toast
                String msg = getString(R.string.msg_token_fmt, token);
                Log.d(TAG, msg);
                Toast.makeText(fcm.this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
}

到目前为止我们的FCM example已经写完了，现在我们看一下测试结果
5. 通过firebase console 进行发送推送通知



第一个是对所有安装过程序的client端进行发送推送

第三个是对指定的Client进行发送，他会需要一个Token值，在我们程序跑起来时，会有一个Token值，获得后出进去就可以了

第二个还没用

  第二种方法通过向firebase server发送API再由firebase server发送给Client

我们这边使用的是Http 的方式进行发送，简单一点直接使用postman进行测试，后期可以加入到App server中去

这是我们发送的API

其中Authorization 中key的值就是firebase 中提供的key

点击左上角设定按钮可以看到我们的秘钥了

在json里面“to”的值就是我们Client获得的token

我用的模拟器测试的都可以收到通知。

目前通过发送API的方式只测过对单一设备进行发送，还没有对群设备进行发送。