Android自定义View步骤

自定义View 的步骤

  • 自定义View属性
  • 在View的构造方法中获得自定义的属性
  • 重写onMesure
  • 重写onDraw
在res/values/下建立一个attrs.xml,用来自定义View的属性
  • 定义字体的内容、颜色和大小,其中fromat的值代表了属性的值类型
  • fromat的值类型有:string、color、demension、enum、reference、float、boolean、fraction和flag


    
    
    
    
    
    

    
        
        
        
    

CustomTitleView.java
重写CustomTitleView的构造函数,来获取自定义的属性
public class CustomTitleView extends View {

    String mTitleText;
    int mTitleTextColor;
    int mTitleTextSize;
    Rect mBound;
    Paint mPaint;

    public CustomTitleView(Context context) {
        this(context,null);
    }

    public CustomTitleView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs,0);
    }

    public CustomTitleView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        TypedArray typedArray = context.getTheme().obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomTitleView,defStyleAttr,0);
        int n = typedArray.getIndexCount();
        for (int i=0;i
重写onMesure时,需要知道MeasureSpec的三种类型:
  • specMode = EXACTLY :设置确定的数值或者说match_parent。
  • specMode = AT_MOST :将子布局限制为一个最大值内或者说- warp_content。
  • specMode = UNSPECIFIED:表示子布局要多大就有多大,实际开发中比较少使用。
  • 重写onMesure方法主要是为了解决: 我们在使用自定义控件的时候,设置warp_content并没有按照适当缩放的效果显示出来,而是铺满显示,这个和我们预期的效果不一致。
@Override
   protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
       int widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
       int widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
       int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
       int heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
       int width;
       int height;
       if (widthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){
           width = widthSize;
       }else {
           mPaint.setTextSize(mTitleTextSize);
           mPaint.getTextBounds(mTitleText,0,mTitleText.length(),mBound);
           float textWidth = mBound.width();
           int desired = (int)(getPaddingLeft()+textWidth+getPaddingRight());
           width = desired;
       }

       if (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){
           height = heightSize;
       }else {
           mPaint.setTextSize(mTitleTextSize);
           mPaint.getTextBounds(mTitleText,0,mTitleText.length(),mBound);
           float textHeight = mBound.height();
           int desired = (int)(getPaddingTop()+textHeight+getPaddingBottom());
           height = desired;
       }
       setMeasuredDimension(width,height);
   }

重写onDraw函数,根据读取到的自定义属性,绘制出相应的控件
@Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        mPaint.setColor(Color.YELLOW);
        canvas.drawRect(0,0,getMeasuredWidth(),getMeasuredHeight(),mPaint);
        mPaint.setColor(mTitleTextColor);
        canvas.drawText(mTitleText,getWidth()/2-mBound.width()/2,getHeight()/2+mBound.height()/2,mPaint);
    }
activity_cutsom.xml



    


CustomActivity.java
package com.example.liuyican.interview.customview;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;

import com.example.liuyican.interview.R;
import com.example.liuyican.interview.overalldialog.BaseActivity;

/**
 * Created by liuyican on 2017/9/2.
 */

public class CustomActivity extends BaseActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_cutsom);
    }
}

总结

  • 本文只是对自定义控件进行了最基础步骤的操作,需要明白最基础的View是如何自定义,为后续学习高级自定义View打下基础。

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