Python 爬虫实现增加播客访问量

一、序言：

  世界 1024 程序猿节日不加班，闲着没事儿。。。随手写了个播客访问量爬虫玩玩，访问量过万不是事儿！！！每个步骤注释都很清晰，代码仅供学习参考！

---- Nick.Peng

二、所需环境：

• Python3.x
• 相关模块： requests、json、lxml、urllib、bs4、fake_useragent
  
  

三、增加Blog访问量代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Author: Nick
# @Date:   2019-10-24 15:40:58
# @Last Modified by:   Nick
# @Last Modified time: 2019-10-24 16:54:31
import random
import re
import time
import urllib
import requests

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from fake_useragent import UserAgent

try:
    from lxml import etree
except Exception as e:
    import lxml.html
    # 实例化一个etree对象（解决通过from lxml import etree导包失败）
    etree = lxml.html.etree

# 实例化UserAgent对象，用于产生随机UserAgent
ua = UserAgent()


class BlogSpider(object):
    """
    Increase the number of CSDN blog visits.
    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.url = "https://blog.csdn.net/PY0312/article/list/{}"
        self.headers = {
            "Referer": "https://blog.csdn.net/PY0312/",
            "User-Agent": ua.random
        }
        self.firefoxHead = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:61.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/61.0"}
        self.IPRegular = r"(([1-9]?\d|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]).){3}([1-9]?\d|1\d{2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])"

    def send_request(self, num):
        """
        模拟浏览器发起请求
        :param num: num
        :return: html_str
        """
        html_str = requests.get(self.url.format(
            num), headers=self.headers).content.decode()
        # print(html_str)

        return html_str

    def parse_data(self, html_str):
        """
        用于解析发起请求返回的数据
        :param html_str:
        :return: each_page_urls
        """
        # 将返回的 html字符串 转换为 element对象，用于xpath操作
        element_obj = etree.HTML(html_str)
        # print(element_obj)

        # 获取每一页所有blog的url
        each_page_urls = element_obj.xpath(
            '//*[@id="mainBox"]/main/div[2]/div/h4/a/@href')
        # print(each_page_urls)

        return each_page_urls

    def parseIPList(self, url="http://www.xicidaili.com/"):
        """
        爬取最新代理ip，来源：西刺代理
        注意：西刺代理容易被封，如遇到IP被封情况，采用以下两种方法即可解决：
        方法一：请参考我上一篇博客《Python 实现快代理IP爬虫》 ===> 喜欢研究的同学，可参考对接此接口
        方法二：直接屏蔽掉此接口，不使用代理也能正常使用
        :param url: "http://www.xicidaili.com/"
        :return: 代理IP列表ips
        """
        ips = []
        request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=self.firefoxHead)
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(response, "lxml")
        tds = soup.find_all("td")
        for td in tds:
            string = str(td.string)
            if re.search(self.IPRegular, string):
                ips.append(string)
        # print(ips)
        return ips

    def main(self, total_page, loop_times, each_num):
        """
        调度方法
        :param total_page: 设置博客总页数
        :param loop_times: 设置循环次数
        :param each_num: 设置每一页要随机挑选文章数
        :return:
        """
        i = 0
        # 根据设置次数，打开循环
        while i < loop_times:
            # 遍历，得到每一页的页码
            for j in range(total_page):
                # 拼接每一页的url，并模拟发送请求, 返回响应数据
                html_str = self.send_request(j + 1)

                # 解析响应数据，得到每一页所有博文的url
                each_page_urls = self.parse_data(html_str)

                # 调用parseIPList随机产生代理IP，防反爬
                # ips = self.parseIPList()
                # proxies = {"http": "{}:8080".format(
                #     ips[random.randint(0, 40)])}

                # 遍历，每一页随机挑选each_num篇文章
                for x in range(each_num):
                    # 随机抽取每一页的一篇博文进行访问，防反爬
                    current_url = random.choice(each_page_urls)
                    status = True if requests.get(
                        current_url, headers=self.headers).content.decode() else False
                    print("当前正在访问的文章是：{}，访问状态：{}".format(current_url, status))
                    time.sleep(1)   # 延时1秒，防反爬
                time.sleep(1)   # 延时1秒，防反爬
            i += 1


if __name__ == '__main__':
    bs = BlogSpider()
    bs.main(7, 200, 3)  # 参数参照main方法说明，酌情设置