iFrameExtractor地址:https://github.com/lajos/iFrameExtractor ffmpeg的简介 FFmpeg是一套可以用来记录、转换数字音频、视频,并能将其转化为流的开源计算机程序。 "FFmpeg"这个单词中的"FF"指的是"Fast Forward"。 ffmpeg支持的格式 ASF AVI BFI FLV GXF, General eXchange Format, SMPTE 360M IFF RL2 ISO base media file format(包括QuickTime, 3GP和MP4) Matroska(包括WebM) Maxis XA MPEG program stream MPEG transport stream(including AVCHD) MXF, Material eXchange Format, SMPTE 377M MSN Webcam stream Ogg OMA TXD WTV ffmpeg支持的协议 IETF标准:TCP, UDP, Gopher, HTTP, RTP, RTSP和SDP 苹果公司的相关标准:HTTP Live Streaming RealMedia的相关标准:RealMedia RTSP/RDT Adobe的相关标准:RTMP, RTMPT(由librtmp实现),RTMPE(由librtmp实现),RTMPTE(由librtmp)和RTMPS(由librtmp实现) 微软的相关标准:MMS在TCP上和MMS在HTTP上 iFrameExtractor的使用 初始化 self.video = [[VideoFrameExtractor alloc] initWithVideo:[Utilities bundlePath:@"sophie.mov"]]; video.outputWidth = 426; video.outputHeight = 320; 播放 [video seekTime:0.0]; [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0/30 target:self selector:@selector(displayNextFrame:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; -(void)displayNextFrame:(NSTimer *)timer { if (![video stepFrame]) { return; } imageView.image = video.currentImage; } VideoFrameExtractor类解析 initWithVideo:(NSString *)moviePath方法 VideoFrameExtractor的初始化,主要是配置三个全局的结构体变量。 AVFormatContext类型的pFormatCtx,AVFormatContext主要存储视音频封装格式中包含的信息;AVInputFormat存储输入视音频使用的封装格式。每种视音频封装格式都对应一个AVInputFormat 结构。 AVCodecContext类型的pCodecCtx ,每个AVStream存储一个视频/音频流的相关数据;每个AVStream对应一个AVCodecContext,存储该视频/音频流使用解码方式的相关数据;每个AVCodecContext中对应一个AVCodec,包含该视频/音频对应的解码器。每种解码器都对应一个AVCodec结构。 AVFrame类型的pFrame,视频的话,每个结构一般是存一帧,音频可能有好几帧。解码前数据是AVPacket,解码后数据是AVFrame。 FMPEG中结构体很多。最关键的结构体他们之间的对应关系如下所示: [1440990797136177.png] 图片来自:FFMPEG中最关键的结构体之间的关系 下面就是初始化的代码 -(id)initWithVideo:(NSString *)moviePath { if (!(self=[super init])) return nil; AVCodec *pCodec; // Register all formats and codecs avcodec_register_all(); av_register_all(); // Open video file if(avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx, [moviePath cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding], NULL, NULL) != 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Couldn't open file\n"); goto initError; } // Retrieve stream information if(avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx,NULL) < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Couldn't find stream information\n"); goto initError; } // Find the first video stream if ((videoStream = av_find_best_stream(pFormatCtx, AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO, -1, -1, &pCodec, 0)) < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot find a video stream in the input file\n"); goto initError; } // Get a pointer to the codec context for the video stream pCodecCtx = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->codec; // Find the decoder for the video stream pCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id); if(pCodec == NULL) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unsupported codec!\n"); goto initError; } // Open codec if(avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec, NULL) < 0) { av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open video decoder\n"); goto initError; } // Allocate video frame pFrame = avcodec_alloc_frame(); outputWidth = pCodecCtx->width; self.outputHeight = pCodecCtx->height; return self; initError: [self release]; return nil; } sourceWidth和sourceHeight方法 获取屏幕的宽和高 -(int)sourceWidth { return pCodecCtx->width; } -(int)sourceHeight { return pCodecCtx->height; } setupScaler方法 设置视频播放视图的尺寸 -(void)setupScaler { // Release old picture and scaler avpicture_free(&picture); sws_freeContext(img_convert_ctx); // Allocate RGB picture avpicture_alloc(&picture, PIX_FMT_RGB24, outputWidth, outputHeight); // Setup scaler static int sws_flags = SWS_FAST_BILINEAR; img_convert_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, outputWidth, outputHeight, PIX_FMT_RGB24, sws_flags, NULL, NULL, NULL); } duration方法 获取音视频文件的总时间 -(double)duration { return (double)pFormatCtx->duration / AV_TIME_BASE; } currentTime方法 显示音视频当前播放的时间 -(double)currentTime { AVRational timeBase = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->time_base; return packet.pts * (double)timeBase.num / timeBase.den; } seekTime:(double)seconds方法 直接跳到音视频的第seconds秒进行播放,默认从第0.0秒开始 -(void)seekTime:(double)seconds { AVRational timeBase = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->time_base; int64_t targetFrame = (int64_t)((double)timeBase.den / timeBase.num * seconds); avformat_seek_file(pFormatCtx, videoStream, targetFrame, targetFrame, targetFrame, AVSEEK_FLAG_FRAME); avcodec_flush_buffers(pCodecCtx); } stepFrame方法 解码视频得到帧 -(BOOL)stepFrame { // AVPacket packet; int frameFinished=0; while(!frameFinished && av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet)>=0) { // Is this a packet from the video stream? if(packet.stream_index==videoStream) { // Decode video frame avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet); } } return frameFinished!=0; } currentImage方法 获取当前的UIImage对象,以呈现当前播放的画面 -(UIImage *)currentImage { if (!pFrame->data[0]) return nil; [self convertFrameToRGB]; return [self imageFromAVPicture:picture width:outputWidth height:outputHeight]; } convertFrameToRGB 转换音视频帧到RGB -(void)convertFrameToRGB { sws_scale (img_convert_ctx, pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, picture.data, picture.linesize); } (UIImage *)imageFromAVPicture:(AVPicture)pict width:(int)width height:(int)height方法 把AVPicture转换成UIImage把音视频画面显示出来 -(UIImage *)imageFromAVPicture:(AVPicture)pict width:(int)width height:(int)height { CGBitmapInfo bitmapInfo = kCGBitmapByteOrderDefault; CFDataRef data = CFDataCreateWithBytesNoCopy(kCFAllocatorDefault, pict.data[0], pict.linesize[0]*height,kCFAllocatorNull); CGDataProviderRef provider = CGDataProviderCreateWithCFData(data); CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB(); CGImageRef cgImage = CGImageCreate(width, height, 8, 24, pict.linesize[0], colorSpace, bitmapInfo, provider, NULL, NO, kCGRenderingIntentDefault); CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace); UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgImage]; CGImageRelease(cgImage); CGDataProviderRelease(provider); CFRelease(data); return image; }