View的工作原理（三）－－View的Layout和Draw过程

前言

前面两篇博客介绍了View的工作原理的measure流程，这篇博客主要介绍View的layout流程。

View的layout流程

首先我们通过下面这幅图，来理一下View的layout流程的大致流程。

通过这幅图我们知道：Layout的作用是ViewGroup用来确定子元素所在的位置，当ViewGroup确定后，它在onLayout方法中会遍历所有子元素并调用其layout方法。如果子元素是ViewGroup则会继续调用ViewGroup的onLayout方法。

View.layout

   /* *
    * @param l Left position, relative to parent
    * @param t Top position, relative to parent
    * @param r Right position, relative to parent
    * @param b Bottom position, relative to parent
    */
  public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        int oldL = mLeft;
        int oldT = mTop;
        int oldB = mBottom;
        int oldR = mRight;
        boolean changed = setFrame(l, t, r, b);//设置View的坐标位置
        if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {
            onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
            mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED;


            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners != null) {
                ArrayList listenersCopy =
                        (ArrayList)li.mOnLayoutChangeListeners.clone();
                int numListeners = listenersCopy.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < numListeners; ++i) {
                    listenersCopy.get(i).onLayoutChange(this, l, t, r, b, oldL, oldT, oldR, oldB);
                }
            }
        }
        mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_FORCE_LAYOUT;
    }

函数中参数l、t、r、b是指view的左、上、右、底的位置，这几个参数是父视图传入的，而根视图中参数是由performTraversals()方法传入的。而这个方法中的主要方法就是setFrame()方法。

前面我们知道onLayout方法是个空方法：我们来看一下

  protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
    }

View和ViewGroup都没有实现onLayout方法。

LinerLayout 的 onLayout方法：

  @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        if (mOrientation == VERTICAL) {
            layoutVertical();
        } else {
            layoutHorizontal();
        }
    }//这里我们只看layoutVertical（）方法
  void layoutVertical() {
        final int paddingLeft = mPaddingLeft;

        int childTop;
        int childLeft;
        
        // Where right end of child should go
        final int width = mRight - mLeft;
        int childRight = width - mPaddingRight;
        
        // Space available for child
        int childSpace = width - paddingLeft - mPaddingRight;
        
        final int count = getVirtualChildCount();

        final int majorGravity = mGravity & Gravity.VERTICAL_GRAVITY_MASK;
        final int minorGravity = mGravity & Gravity.RELATIVE_HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK;

        switch (majorGravity) {
           case Gravity.BOTTOM:
               // mTotalLength contains the padding already
               childTop = mPaddingTop + mBottom - mTop - mTotalLength;
               break;

               // mTotalLength contains the padding already
           case Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL:
               childTop = mPaddingTop + (mBottom - mTop - mTotalLength) / 2;
               break;

           case Gravity.TOP:
           default:
               childTop = mPaddingTop;
               break;
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            final View child = getVirtualChildAt(i);
            if (child == null) {
                childTop += measureNullChild(i);
            } else if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
                final int childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth();
                final int childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();
                
                final LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp =
                        (LinearLayout.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                
                int gravity = lp.gravity;
                if (gravity < 0) {
                    gravity = minorGravity;
                }
                final int layoutDirection = getLayoutDirection();
                final int absoluteGravity = Gravity.getAbsoluteGravity(gravity, layoutDirection);
                switch (absoluteGravity & Gravity.HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK) {
                    case Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL:
                        childLeft = paddingLeft + ((childSpace - childWidth) / 2)
                                + lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin;
                        break;

                    case Gravity.RIGHT:
                        childLeft = childRight - childWidth - lp.rightMargin;
                        break;

                    case Gravity.LEFT:
                    default:
                        childLeft = paddingLeft + lp.leftMargin;
                        break;
                }

                if (hasDividerBeforeChildAt(i)) {
                    childTop += mDividerHeight;
                }

                childTop += lp.topMargin;
                setChildFrame(child, childLeft, childTop + getLocationOffset(child),
                        childWidth, childHeight);
                childTop += childHeight + lp.bottomMargin + getNextLocationOffset(child);

                i += getChildrenSkipCount(child, i);
            }
        }
    }

我们从上面可以看出，layout也是一个自上而下的过程，先设置父视图位置，在循环子视图，父视图位置一定程度上决定了子视图位置。