Android Manifest中的常用属性介绍

一、常用Action属性介绍

作用:常常在广播中使用,作为广播接收者订阅广播的过滤器

ACTION_AIRPLANE_MODE_CHANGED

Broadcast Action:用户打开或关闭飞行模式。一个或多个广播会打开或关闭。这个intent会携带下面的附加值:
state:一个boolean值,指明飞行模式是否打开。如果是true,cell radio以及其他一些例如蓝牙,wifi的广播会关闭。
注:这是一个只有系统可以发送的受保护的intent。
常量值:"android.intent.action.AIRPLANE_MODE"
 
ACTION_ALL_APPS
Activity Action:列出所有可用的应用。
常量值:"android.intent.action.ALL_APPS" 
 
ACTION_ANSWER
Activity Action:处理呼入的电话。
常量值:"android.intent.action.ANSWER" 
 
ACTION_APP_ERROR
Activity Action:当用户点击crash/ANR对话框的"Report"按钮时发出的intent。
常量值:"android.intent.action.APP_ERROR"
  
ACTION_ATTACH_DATA
用于指明一些资源应该被附加到其他的地方。例如,一个图片资源可以被附加到一个联系人。它由接受者决定资源应该被附加到什么地方,这个intent不指明最终的目地。
输入:getData()方法可以获取附加资源的URI。
常量值:"android.intent.action.ATTACH_DATA"
 
ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED
Broadcast Action:这是一个包含电池的充电状态,级别,和其他信息的复杂的广播。
注:这是一个只有系统可以发送的受保护的intent。
常量值:"android.intent.action.BATTERY_CHANGED" 


ACTION_BATTERY_LOW
Broadcast Action:指示设备电量不足。这个广播会触发"电量不足警告"系统对话框。
注:这是一个只有系统可以发送的受保护的intent。
常量值:"android.intent.action.BATTERY_LOW"
 
ACTION_BATTERY_OKAY
Broadcast Action:指示电池从电量不足状态恢复。一旦电池从电量不足状态恢复这个广播会被触发。
注:这是一个只有系统可以发送的受保护的intent。
常量值:"android.intent.action.BATTERY_OKAY" 


ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED
Broadcast Action:系统启动完成后触发该intent。它可以用来执行应用指定的初始化工作,例如初始化闹钟。你必须指明RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED权限来接收这个intent。
注:这是一个只有系统可以发送的受保护的intent。
常量值:"android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" 


ACTION_BUG_REPORT
Activity Action:用来显示报告bug的activity。
常量值:"android.intent.action.BUG_REPORT"
 
ACTION_CALL
Activity Action:根据指明的信息向某人拨打电话。
输入:如果为空,启动一个空的拨号界面;如果不为空,通过getData()方法获取一个手机号码或者电话号码的URI进行拨号:URI是一个显示的手机号码。
注:应用在初始化一个拨号事件时会受到一些限制;大部分的应用可以使用ACTION_CALL。
注:这个intent不能用于进行紧急呼叫拨号。然而,应用程序可以通过ACTION_DIAL进行紧急呼叫拨号。
常量值:"android.intent.action.CALL" 


ACTION_CALL_BUTTON
Activity Action:用户点击拨号按钮进入拨号界面,或者其他适当的可以代替拨号界面的UI界面。
常量值:"android.intent.action.CALL_BUTTON" 


ACTION_CAMERA_BUTTON
Broadcast Action:点击拍照键。包含一个单独的额外字段:EXTRA_KEY_EVENT,包含触发这个广播的按键事件。

常量值:"android.intent.action.CAMERA_BUTTON"


用法示例


     

二、常用categroy属性介绍

作用:常常在广播中使用,作为广播接收者订阅广播的过滤器


CATEGORY_ALTERNATIVE
设置这个activity是否可以被认为是用户正在浏览的数据的一个可选择的action
 
CATEGORY_APP_BROWSER
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动浏览器应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_CALCULATOR
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动计算器应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_CALENDAR
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动日历应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_CONTACTS
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动联系人应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_EMAIL
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动邮件应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_GALLERY
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动图库应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_MAPS
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动地图应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_MARKET
这个activity允许用户浏览和下载新的应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_MESSAGING
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动短信应用程序
 
CATEGORY_APP_MUSIC
和ACTION_MAIN一起使用,用来启动音乐应用程序
 
CATEGORY_BROWSABLE 
能够被浏览器安全调用的activity必须支持这个category
 
CATEGORY_DEFAULT 
设置这个activity对于默认的action是否是一个可选的
 
CATEGORY_EMBED 
可以运行在父activity容器内
 
CATEGORY_HOME 
主activity,当应用程序启动时,它是第一个显示的activity
 
CATEGORY_LAUNCHER
应该在上层的启动列表里显示


CATEGORY_MONKEY
这个activity可能被monkey或者其他的自动测试工具执行
 
CATEGORY_OPENABLE 
用来指示一个GET_CONTENT意图只希望ContentResolver.openInputStream能够打开URI
 
CATEGORY_PREFERENCE 
这个activity是一个选项卡
 
CATEGORY_SAMPLE_CODE 
作为一个简单的代码示例使用(一般情况下不使用)
 
CATEGORY_SELECTED_ALTERNATIVE
设置这个activity是否可以被认为是用户当前选择的数据的一个可选择的action
 
CATEGORY_TAB 
想要在已有的TabActivity内部作为一个Tab使用
 
CATEGORY_TEST
供测试使用(一般情况不使用)
 
CATEGORY_UNIT_TEST
联合测试使用


用法示例


     
     <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT">category>

三、常用permission属性介绍

作用:程序执行需要读取到安全敏感项必需在androidmanifest.xml中声明相关权限请求, 完整列表如下:


1. android.permission.ACCESS_CHECKIN_PROPERTIES
    允许读写访问”properties”表在 checkin数据库中,改值可以修改上传( Allows read/write access to the “properties” table in the checkin database, to change values that get uploaded)

2. android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
    允许一个程序访问CellID或WiFi热点来获取粗略的位置(Allows an application to access coarse (e.g., Cell-ID, WiFi) location)

3. android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    允许一个程序访问精良位置(如GPS) (Allows an application to access fine (e.g., GPS) location)

4. android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
    允许应用程序访问额外的位置提供命令(Allows an application to access extra location provider commands)

5. android.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION
    允许程序创建模拟位置提供用于测试(Allows an application to create mock location providers for testing)

6. android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
    允许程序访问有关GSM网络信息(Allows applications to access information about networks)

7. android.permission.ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER
    允许程序使用SurfaceFlinger底层特性 (Allows an application to use SurfaceFlinger’s low level features)

8. android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
    允许程序访问Wi-Fi网络状态信息(Allows applications to access information about Wi-Fi networks)

9. android.permission.ADD_SYSTEM_SERVICE
    允许程序发布系统级服务(Allows an application to publish system-level services).

10. android.permission.BATTERY_STATS
    允许程序更新手机电池统计信息(Allows an application to update the collected battery statistics)

11. android.permission.BLUETOOTH
    允许程序连接到已配对的蓝牙设备(Allows applications to connect to paired bluetooth devices)

12. android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
    允许程序发现和配对蓝牙设备(Allows applications to discover and pair bluetooth devices)

13. android.permission.BRICK
    请求能够禁用设备(非常危险)(Required to be able to disable the device (very *erous!).)

14. android.permission.BROADCAST_PACKAGE_REMOVED
    允许程序广播一个提示消息在一个应用程序包已经移除后(Allows an application to broadcast a notification that an application package has been removed)

15. android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY
    允许一个程序广播常用intents(Allows an application to broadcast sticky intents)

16. android.permission.CALL_PHONE
    允许一个程序初始化一个电话拨号不需通过拨号用户界面需 要用户确认 (Allows an application to initiate a phone call without going through the Dialer user interface for the user to confirm the call being placed.)

17. android.permission.CALL_PRIVILEGED
    允许一个程序拨打任何号码,包含紧急号码无需通过拨号用户界面需要用户确认 (Allows an application to call any phone number, including emergency numbers, without going through the Dialer user interface for the user to confirm the call being placed)

18. android.permission.CAMERA
    请求访问使用照相设备(Required to be able to access the camera device. )

19. android.permission.CHANGE_COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE
    允许一个程序是否改变一个组件或其他的启用或禁用(Allows an application to change whether an application component (other than its own) is enabled or not. )

20. android.permission.CHANGE_CONFIGURATION
    允许一个程序修改当前设置,如本地化(Allows an application to modify the current configuration, such as locale. )

21. android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
    允许程序改变网络连接状态(Allows applications to change network connectivity state)

22. android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
    允许程序改变Wi-Fi连接状态(Allows applications to change Wi-Fi connectivity state)

23. android.permission.CLEAR_APP_CACHE
    允许一个程序清楚缓存从所有安装的程序在设备中(Allows an application to clear the caches of all installed applications on the device. )

24. android.permission.CLEAR_APP_USER_DATA
    允许一个程序清除用户设置(Allows an application to clear user data)

25. android.permission.CONTROL_LOCATION_UPDATES
    允许启用禁止位置更新提示从无线模块 (Allows enabling/disabling location update notifications from the radio. )

26. android.permission.DELETE_CACHE_FILES
    允许程序删除缓存文件(Allows an application to delete cache files)

27. android.permission.DELETE_PACKAGES
    允许一个程序删除包(Allows an application to delete packages)

28. android.permission.DEVICE_POWER
    允许访问底层电源管理(Allows low-level access to power management)

29. android.permission.DIAGNOSTIC
    允许程序RW诊断资源(Allows applications to RW to diagnostic resources. )

30. android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD
    允许程序禁用键盘锁(Allows applications to disable the keyguard )

31. android.permission.DUMP
    允许程序返回状态抓取信息从系统服务(Allows an application to retrieve state dump information from system services.)

32. android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
    允许一个程序扩展收缩在状态栏,android开发网提示应该是一个类似Windows Mobile中的托盘程序(Allows an application to expand or collapse the status bar. )

33. android.permission.FACTORY_TEST
    作为一个工厂测试程序,运行在root用户(Run as a manufacturer test application, running as the root user. )

34. android.permission.FLASHLIGHT
    访问闪光灯,android开发网提示HTC Dream不包含闪光灯(Allows access to the flashlight )

35. android.permission.FORCE_BACK
    允许程序强行一个后退操作是否在顶层activities(Allows an application to force a BACK operation on whatever is the top activity. )

36. android.permission.FOTA_UPDATE
    暂时不了解这是做什么使用的,android开发网分析可能是一个预留权限.

37. android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
    访问一个帐户列表在Accounts Service中(Allows access to the list of accounts in the Accounts Service)

38. android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
    允许一个程序获取任何package占用空间容量(Allows an application to find out the space used by any package. )

39. android.permission.GET_TASKS
    允许一个程序获取信息有关当前或最近运行的任务, 一个缩略的任务状态,是否活动等等(Allows an application to get information about the currently or recently running tasks: a thumbnail representation of the tasks, what activities are running in it, etc.)

40. android.permission.HARDWARE_TEST
    允许访问硬件(Allows access to hardware peripherals. )

41. android.permission.INJECT_EVENTS
    允许一个程序截获用户事件如按键、触摸、轨迹球等等到一个时间流,android 开发网提醒算是hook技术吧(Allows an application to inject user events (keys, touch, trackball) into the event stream and deliver them to ANY window.)

42. android.permission.INSTALL_PACKAGES
    允许一个程序安装packages(Allows an application to install packages. )

43. android.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW
    允许打开窗口使用系统用户界面(Allows an application to open windows that are for use by parts of the system user interface. )

44. android.permission.INTERNET
    允许程序打开网络套接字(Allows applications to open network sockets)

45. android.permission.MANAGE_APP_TOKENS
    允许程序管理(创建、催后、 z- order默认向z轴推移)程序引用在窗口管理器中(Allows an application to manage (create, destroy, Z-order) application tokens in the window manager. )

46. android.permission.MASTER_CLEAR目前还没有明确的解释,android开发网分析可能是清除一切数据,类似硬格机

47. android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
    允许程序修改全局音频设置(Allows an application to modify global audio settings)

48. android.permission.MODIFY_PHONE_STATE
    允许修改话机状态,如电源,人机接口等(Allows modification of the telephony state ? power on, mmi, etc. )

49. android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS
    允许挂载和反挂载文件系统可移动存储 (Allows mounting and unmounting file systems for removable storage. )

50. android.permission.PERSISTENT_ACTIVITY
    允许一个程序设置他的activities显示 (Allow an application to make its activities persistent. )

51. android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
    允许程序监视、修改有关播出电话(Allows an application to monitor, modify, or abort outgoing calls)

52. android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
    允许程序读取用户日历数据(Allows an application to read the user’s calendar data.)

53. android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
    允许程序读取用户联系人数据(Allows an application to read the user’s contacts data.)

54. android.permission.READ_FRAME_BUFFER
    允许程序屏幕波或和更多常规的访问帧缓冲数据(Allows an application to take screen shots and more generally get access to the frame buffer data)

55. android.permission.READ_INPUT_STATE
    允许程序返回当前按键状态(Allows an application to retrieve the current state of keys and switches. )

56. android.permission.READ_LOGS
    允许程序读取底层系统日志文件(Allows an application to read the low-level system log files. )

57. android.permission.READ_OWNER_DATA
    允许程序读取所有者数据(Allows an application to read the owner’s data)

58. android.permission.READ_SMS
    允许程序读取短信息(Allows an application to read SMS messages.)

59. android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
    允许程序读取同步设置(Allows applications to read the sync settings)

60. android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS
    允许程序读取同步状态(Allows applications to read the sync stats)

61. android.permission.REBOOT
    请求能够重新启动设备(Required to be able to reboot the device. )

62. android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
    允许一个程序接收到 ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED广播在系统完成启动(Allows an application to receive the ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED that is broadcast after the system finishes booting. )

63. android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
    允许一个程序监控将收到MMS彩信,记录或处理(Allows an application to monitor incoming MMS messages, to record or perform processing on them. )

64. android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
    允许程序监控一个将收到短信息,记录或处理(Allows an application to monitor incoming SMS messages, to record or perform processing on them.)

65. android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
    允许程序监控将收到WAP PUSH信息(Allows an application to monitor incoming WAP push messages. )

66. android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
    允许程序录制音频(Allows an application to record audio)

67. android.permission.REORDER_TASKS
    允许程序改变Z轴排列任务(Allows an application to change the Z-order of tasks)

68. android.permission.RESTART_PACKAGES
    允许程序重新启动其他程序(Allows an application to restart other applications)

69. android.permission.SEND_SMS
    允许程序发送SMS短信(Allows an application to send SMS messages)

70. android.permission.SET_ACTIVITY_WATCHER
    允许程序监控或控制activities已经启动全局系统中Allows an application to watch and control how activities are started globally in the system.

71. android.permission.SET_ALWAYS_FINISH
    允许程序控制是否活动间接完成在处于后台时Allows an application to control whether activities are immediately finished when put in the background.

72. android.permission.SET_ANIMATION_SCALE
    修改全局信息比例(Modify the global animation scaling factor.)

73. android.permission.SET_DEBUG_APP
    配置一个程序用于调试(Configure an application for debugging.)

74. android.permission.SET_ORIENTATION
    允许底层访问设置屏幕方向和实际旋转(Allows low-level access to setting the orientation(actually rotation) of the screen.)

75. android.permission.SET_PREFERRED_APPLICATIONS
    允许一个程序修改列表参数 PackageManager.addPackageToPreferred() 和PackageManager.removePackageFromPreferred()方法(Allows an application to modify the list of preferred applications with the PackageManager.addPackageToPreferred() and PackageManager.removePackageFromPreferred() methods.)

76. android.permission.SET_PROCESS_FOREGROUND
    允许程序当前运行程序强行到前台(Allows an application to force any currently running process to be in the foreground.)

77. android.permission.SET_PROCESS_LIMIT
    允许设置最大的运行进程数量(Allows an application to set the maximum number of (not needed) application processes that can be running. )

78. android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE
    允许程序设置时间区域(Allows applications to set the system time zone)

79. android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER
    允许程序设置壁纸(Allows applications to set the wallpaper )

80. android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
    允许程序设置壁纸hits(Allows applications to set the wallpaper hints)

81. android.permission.SIGNAL_PERSISTENT_PROCESSES
    允许程序请求发送信号到所有显示的进程中 (Allow an application to request that a signal be sent to all persistent processes)

82. android.permission.STATUS_BAR
    允许程序打开、关闭或禁用状态栏及图标Allows an application to open, close, or disable the status bar and its icons.

83. android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ
    允许一个程序访问订阅RSS Feed内容提供(Allows an application to allow access the subscribed feeds ContentProvider. )

84. android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_WRITE
    系统暂时保留改设置,android开发网认为未来版本会加入该功能。

85. android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
  

你可能感兴趣的:(android)