matplotlib-----------pylab和pyplot
首先给出pylab神器镇文：pylab.rcParams.update(params)。这个函数几乎可以调节图的一切属性，包括但不限于：坐标范围，axes标签字号大小，xtick,ytick标签字号，图线宽，legend字号等。
具体参数参看官方文档：http://matplotlib.org/users/customizing.html
##导入plt库
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab
import scipy.io
import numpy as np
params={
'axes.labelsize': '35',
'xtick.labelsize':'27',
'ytick.labelsize':'27',
'lines.linewidth':2 ,
'legend.fontsize': '27',
'figure.figsize' : '12, 9' # set figure size
}
###自动设置相关参数
pylab.rcParams.update(params) #set figure parameter
#line_styles=['ro-','b^-','gs-','ro--','b^--','gs--'] #set line style
#We give the coordinate date directly to give an example.
x1 = [-20,-15,-10,-5,0,0,5,10,15,20]
y1 = [0,0.04,0.1,0.21,0.39,0.74,0.78,0.80,0.82,0.85]
y2 = [0,0.014,0.03,0.16,0.37,0.78,0.81,0.83,0.86,0.92]
y3 = [0,0.001,0.02,0.14,0.34,0.77,0.82,0.85,0.90,0.96]
y4 = [0,0,0.02,0.12,0.32,0.77,0.83,0.87,0.93,0.98]
y5 = [0,0,0.02,0.11,0.32,0.77,0.82,0.90,0.95,1]
##这里默认figure下进行plt
plt.plot(x1,y1,'bo-',label='m=2, p=10%',markersize=20) # in 'bo-', b is blue, o is O marker, - is solid line and so on
plt.plot(x1,y2,'gv-',label='m=4, p=10%',markersize=20)
###c=“red”设置颜色，,linewidth = 6设置粗细
plt.plot(x1,y3,'ys-',label='m=6, p=10%',markersize=20)
plt.plot(x1,y4,'ch-',label='m=8, p=10%',markersize=20)
plt.plot(x1,y5,'mD-',label='m=10, p=10%',markersize=20)
###画了一个新的图
# fig1 = plt.figure(1)
# fig1 = plt.figure(figsize=(6,3)) # 设置图大小 figsize=(6,3)
# axes = plt.subplot(111)
# #axes = plt.gca()
# axes.set_yticks([0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0])
# axes.grid(True) # add grid
#
# import numpy as np
# fig = plt.figure()
# ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,1,1) # 画2行1列个图形的第1个
# ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,1,2) # 画2行1列个图形的第2个
#
# ax1.plot(np.random.randint(1,5,5), np.arange(5))
# ax2.plot(np.arange(10)*3, np.arange(10))
# plt.show()
###设置标题以及横纵坐标
plt.legend(loc="lower right") #set legend location
plt.ylabel('Percentage') # set ystick label
plt.xlabel('Difference') # set xstck label
plt.xticks(rotation=90) # 横坐标每个值旋转90度
plt.title('i love you ， 1948')###标题
plt.savefig('dir',dpi = 1000,bbox_inches='tight')
plt.show()plt.subplot(111)和plt.subplot(1,1,1)是等价的。意思是将区域分成1行1列，当前画的是第一个图（排序由行至列）。
plt.subplot(211)意思就是将区域分成2行1列，当前画的是第一个图（第一行，第一列）。以此类推，只要不超过10，逗号就可省去。
画条形图
import scipy.io
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as mtick
params={
'axes.labelsize': '35',
'xtick.labelsize':'27',
'ytick.labelsize':'27',
'lines.linewidth':2 ,
'legend.fontsize': '27',
'figure.figsize' : '24, 9'
}
pylab.rcParams.update(params)
y1 = [9.79,7.25,7.24,4.78,4.20]
y2 = [5.88,4.55,4.25,3.78,3.92]
y3 = [4.69,4.04,3.84,3.85,4.0]
y4 = [4.45,3.96,3.82,3.80,3.79]
y5 = [3.82,3.89,3.89,3.78,3.77]
ind = np.arange(5) # the x locations for the groups
width = 0.15
plt.bar(ind,y1,width,color = 'blue',label = 'm=2')
plt.bar(ind+width,y2,width,color = 'g',label = 'm=4') # ind+width adjusts the left start location of the bar.
plt.bar(ind+2*width,y3,width,color = 'c',label = 'm=6')
plt.bar(ind+3*width,y4,width,color = 'r',label = 'm=8')
plt.bar(ind+4*width,y5,width,color = 'm',label = 'm=10')
plt.xticks(np.arange(5) + 2.5*width, ('10%','15%','20%','25%','30%'))
plt.xlabel('Sample percentage')
plt.ylabel('Error rate')
fmt = '%.0f%%' # Format you want the ticks, e.g. '40%'
xticks = mtick.FormatStrFormatter(fmt)
# Set the formatter
axes = plt.gca() # get current axes
axes.yaxis.set_major_formatter(xticks) # set % format to ystick.
axes.grid(True)
plt.legend(loc="upper right")
plt.savefig('dir', format='eps',dpi = 1000,bbox_inches='tight')
plt.show()其他相关类型的图，参考以下链接
https://blog.csdn.net/majinlei121/article/details/83994935
画散点图，主要是scatter这个函数，其他类似。
画网络图，要用到networkx这个库，