安卓-管理Activity

一、简述

当项目中的Activity多了就会涉及到管理的问题，比如:想看下当前已经启动了多少了Activity,可以在随意位置关闭所有的Activity等。

如果想实现这个功能，可以自定义一个类用于管理所有的启动的Activity和销毁的Activity。同时需要自定义一个BaseActivity，在这个类中增加启动的Activity和移除Activity等功能，这样当自定义一个Activity时只需要继承自这个BaseActivity就可以了。

下面将使用一个demo演示的方式来说明如何实现这个功能和如何使用，同时针对大部分功能给出测试。

二、demo演示

1)自定义一个类用于管理所有的Activity

这个类中实现了以下几个方法:

增加Activity

移除Activity

结束所有的Activity

检测某个Activity是否已启动

获取当前已存在的Activity的个数

杀掉当前的进程

import android.app.Activity;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by wangwentao on 2017/2/21.
 * 用于管理Activity
 */

public class ActivityManage {
    public static List activityList = new ArrayList<>();

    //增加Activity
    public static void addActivity(Activity activity){
        activityList.add(activity);
    }

    //移除Activity
    public static void removeActivity(Activity activity){
        activityList.remove(activity);
    }

    //结束所有的Activity
    public static void finishAll(){
        for(Activity activity : activityList){
            if(!activity.isFinishing()){
                activity.finish();
            }
        }
        activityList.clear();
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否存在指定的Activity
     * 返回值:true,表示存在;false表示不存在
     */
    public static boolean containsActivity(Activity activity){
         if(activityList != null){
              return activityList.contains(activity);
         }else{
             return false;
         }
    }

    //获取当前Activity的个数
    public static int getActivitiesCount(){
        if(activityList != null){
            return activityList.size();
        }else{
            return 0;
        }
    }

    //杀掉当前进程(在有些情况下，当所有的Activity都销毁的情况可以考虑杀掉当前进程)
    public static void killProcess(){
        android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());//杀掉当前进程
    }
}

以上代码已给出了详细的注释。

2)自定义一个BaseActivity

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;

import com.mobile.cdtx.blog.main.tools.ActivityManage;

/**
 * Created by wangwentao on 2017/2/21.
 * 供其他Activity继承使用的Activity,可以在这里做些公共的操作
 * 1)增加了管理Activity
 * 2)增加了生命周期的打印
 * 3)增加了打印包名和类名-主要目的是为了分析问题
 */

public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG_BASE = "BaseActivity->";
    //输出日志标志
    protected final String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle saveInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(saveInstanceState);
        ActivityManage.addActivity(this);
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onCreate: ");
        printLogWithName();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onStart: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onResume: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onPause: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onStop: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy(){
        super.onDestroy();
        ActivityManage.removeActivity(this);
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onCreate: ");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onRestart() {
        super.onRestart();
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "onRestart: ");
    }

    //打印包名及类名
    private void printLogWithName(){
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "printLogWithName: "+getLocalClassName());
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "printLogWithName: "+getPackageName());
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "printLogWithName: "+getClass().getName());
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "printLogWithName: "+getClass().getSimpleName());
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "printLogWithName: "+getClass().getCanonicalName());
        Log.d(TAG_BASE+TAG, "printLogWithName: Activity任务栈ID:"+this.getTaskId());
    }
}

3)自定义一个Activity继承自BaseActivity

布局文件activity_manage_test.xml

效果图如下:

继承自BaseActivity的代码:

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.mobile.cdtx.blog.R;
import com.mobile.cdtx.blog.main.base.BaseActivity;
import com.mobile.cdtx.blog.main.tools.ActivityManage;

public class ActivityManageTestActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
    private static final String TAG = "ActivityManageTestActiv";
    Button btnTwo,btnThree,btnFour,btnFive;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: ");
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_manage_test);

        initView();//初始化控件
    }

    //初始化控件
    private void initView(){
        btnTwo = (Button)findViewById(R.id.id_btn_checkActivity);
        btnTwo.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnThree = (Button)findViewById(R.id.id_btn_getCount);
        btnThree.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnFour = (Button)findViewById(R.id.id_btn_finishActivity);
        btnFour.setOnClickListener(this);
        btnFive = (Button)findViewById(R.id.id_btn_finish);
        btnFive.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
         switch(v.getId()){
             case R.id.id_btn_checkActivity:
                 checkActivityExist();
                 break;
             case R.id.id_btn_getCount:
                 getActivityCount();
                 break;
             case R.id.id_btn_finishActivity:
                 cleanActivity();
                 break;
             case R.id.id_btn_finish:
                 finish();
                 break;
         }
    }

    //检测Activity是否存在
    private void checkActivityExist(){
        Log.d(TAG, "checkActivityExist: "+ ActivityManage.containsActivity(this));
    }

    //获取Activity的个数
    private void getActivityCount(){
        Log.d(TAG, "checkActivityExist: "+ ActivityManage.getActivitiesCount());
    }

    //清除所有的Activity
    private void cleanActivity(){
        ActivityManage.finishAll();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy: ");
    }
}

4)测试代码

代码中从5个角度进行了测试:

1、查看生命周期和当前Activity的任务栈等信息

界面启动后打印的日志如下:

02-22 11:23:15.542 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onCreate: 
02-22 11:23:15.542 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: printLogWithName: main.activity.ActivityManageTestActivity
02-22 11:23:15.542 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: printLogWithName: com.mobile.cdtx.blog
02-22 11:23:15.542 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog V/Activity: onCreate com.mobile.cdtx.blog.main.activity.ActivityManageTestActivity@421f7d98: null
02-22 11:23:15.552 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: printLogWithName: com.mobile.cdtx.blog.main.activity.ActivityManageTestActivity
02-22 11:23:15.552 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: printLogWithName: ActivityManageTestActivity
02-22 11:23:15.552 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: printLogWithName: com.mobile.cdtx.blog.main.activity.ActivityManageTestActivity
02-22 11:23:15.552 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: printLogWithName: Activity任务栈ID:462
02-22 11:23:15.552 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/ActivityManageTestActiv: onCreate: 

2、检测Activty是否存在
02-22 11:26:05.282 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/ActivityManageTestActiv: checkActivityExist: true
将当前的Activity去查询是否存在Activity管理链表中，结果显示存在

3、获取Activity的个数

02-22 11:27:22.582 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/ActivityManageTestActiv: checkActivityExist: 1

这里只演示了一个Activity继承自BaseActivity,所以打印的个数为1

4、结束所有的Activity

02-22 11:29:38.692 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onPause: 
02-22 11:29:39.082 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onStop: 
02-22 11:29:39.092 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onCreate: 
02-22 11:29:39.092 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog I/ActivityManageTestActiv: onDestroy: 
看到的现象是界面销毁了，因为Activity管理中在清除Activity之前做了该Activity的finish()操作，所以界面会自动消失

5、调用退出

02-22 11:39:51.842 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onPause: 
02-22 11:39:52.262 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onStop: 
02-22 11:39:52.262 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog D/BaseActivity->ActivityManageTestActivity: onCreate: 
02-22 11:39:52.262 23469-23469/com.mobile.cdtx.blog I/ActivityManageTestActiv: onDestroy: 
注意:这时由于是自己在Activity中主动调用了finish();链表管理中的添加的Activity并没有清除。

最后不要忘记，所有使用的Activity要在AndroidManifest.xml中注册。