Python实现http协议、http服务器（1）

1.实现简单的http服务器

import socket


def service_client(new_socket):
    """为这个客户端返回数据"""

    # 1. 接收浏览器发送过来的请求 ，即http请求  
    # GET / HTTP/1.1
    # .....
    request = new_socket.recv(1024)
    print(request)

    # 2. 返回http格式的数据，给浏览器
    # 2.1 准备发送给浏览器的数据---header
    response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
    response += "\r\n"
    # 2.2 准备发送给浏览器的数据---boy
    response += "hahahhah"
    new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))

    # 关闭套接字
    new_socket.close()
    

def main():
    """用来完成整体的控制"""
    # 1. 创建套接字
    tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    # 2. 绑定
    tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 7890))

    # 3. 变为监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.listen(128)

    while True:
        # 4. 等待新客户端的链接
        new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()

        # 5. 为这个客户端服务
        service_client(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

2.设定套接字选项

import socket


def service_client(new_socket):
    """为这个客户端返回数据"""

    # 1. 接收浏览器发送过来的请求 ，即http请求  
    # GET / HTTP/1.1
    # .....
    request = new_socket.recv(1024)
    print(request)

    # 2. 返回http格式的数据，给浏览器
    # 2.1 准备发送给浏览器的数据---header
    response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
    response += "\r\n"
    # 2.2 准备发送给浏览器的数据---boy
    response += "hahahhah"
    new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))

    # 关闭套接字
    new_socket.close()
    

def main():
    """用来完成整体的控制"""
    # 1. 创建套接字
    tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)

    # 2. 绑定
    tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 7890))

    # 3. 变为监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.listen(128)

    while True:
        # 4. 等待新客户端的链接
        new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()

        # 5. 为这个客户端服务
        service_client(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

3.分会inde.html页面

import socket


def service_client(new_socket):
    """为这个客户端返回数据"""

    # 1. 接收浏览器发送过来的请求 ，即http请求  
    # GET / HTTP/1.1
    # .....
    request = new_socket.recv(1024)
    print(">>>"*50)
    print(request)

    # 2. 返回http格式的数据，给浏览器
    # 2.1 准备发送给浏览器的数据---header
    response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
    response += "\r\n"
    # 2.2 准备发送给浏览器的数据---boy
    # response += "hahahhah"
    
    f = open("./html/index.html", "rb")
    html_content = f.read()
    f.close()

    # 将response header发送给浏览器
    new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
    # 将response body发送给浏览器
    new_socket.send(html_content)

    # 关闭套接
    new_socket.close()
    

def main():
    """用来完成整体的控制"""
    # 1. 创建套接字
    tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)

    # 2. 绑定
    tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 7890))

    # 3. 变为监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.listen(128)

    while True:
        # 4. 等待新客户端的链接
        new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()

        # 5. 为这个客户端服务
        service_client(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

4.根据用户需求返回相应的页面

import socket
import re


def service_client(new_socket):
    """为这个客户端返回数据"""

    # 1. 接收浏览器发送过来的请求 ，即http请求  
    # GET / HTTP/1.1
    # .....
    request = new_socket.recv(1024).decode("utf-8")
    # print(">>>"*50)
    # print(request)

    request_lines = request.splitlines()
    print("")
    print(">"*20)
    print(request_lines)

    # GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
    # get post put del
    file_name = ""
    ret = re.match(r"[^/]+(/[^ ]*)", request_lines[0])
    if ret:
        file_name = ret.group(1)
        # print("*"*50, file_name)
        if file_name == "/":
            file_name = "/index.html"




    # 2. 返回http格式的数据，给浏览器
    
    try:
        f = open("./html" + file_name, "rb")
    except:
        response = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"
        response += "\r\n"
        response += "------file not found-----"
        new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
    else:
        html_content = f.read()
        f.close()
        # 2.1 准备发送给浏览器的数据---header
        response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
        response += "\r\n"
        # 2.2 准备发送给浏览器的数据---boy
        # response += "hahahhah"

        # 将response header发送给浏览器
        new_socket.send(response.encode("utf-8"))
        # 将response body发送给浏览器
        new_socket.send(html_content)


    # 关闭套接
    new_socket.close()
    

def main():
    """用来完成整体的控制"""
    # 1. 创建套接字
    tcp_server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    tcp_server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)

    # 2. 绑定
    tcp_server_socket.bind(("", 7890))

    # 3. 变为监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.listen(128)

    while True:
        # 4. 等待新客户端的链接
        new_socket, client_addr = tcp_server_socket.accept()

        # 5. 为这个客户端服务
        service_client(new_socket)

    # 关闭监听套接字
    tcp_server_socket.close()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()