phantomjs入门

一、简介
PhantomJS 是一个基于 WebKit 的服务器端 JavaScript API。
它全面支持web而不需浏览器支持，其快速，原生支持各种Web标准： DOM 处理, CSS 选择器, JSON, Canvas, 和 SVG。 PhantomJS 可以用于 页面自动化 ， 网络监测 ， 网页截屏 ，以及 无界面测试 等

二、安装配置
下载地址一、官方下载地址

例如解压的地址是:D:\phantomjs,添加环境变量就可以直接在cmd执行phantomjs命令。配置成功的话，应该是这样的:

三、demo演示.
demo都是官网上面的 http://phantomjs.org/examples/index.html

*hello world

"use strict";
console.log('Hello, world!');
phantom.exit();

*传递参数

"use strict";
var system = require('system');
if (system.args.length === 1) {
    console.log('Try to pass some args when invoking this script!');
} else {
    system.args.forEach(function (arg, i) {
            console.log(i + ': ' + arg);
    });
}
phantom.exit();

*定时器

"use strict";
var t = 10,
    interval = setInterval(function(){
        if ( t > 0 ) {
            console.log(t--);
        } else {
            console.log("BLAST OFF!");
            phantom.exit();
        }
    }, 1000);

*文件写入

// echoToFile.js - Write in a given file all the parameters passed on the CLI
"use strict";
var fs = require('fs'),
    system = require('system');

if (system.args.length < 3) {
    console.log("Usage: echoToFile.js DESTINATION_FILE ");
    phantom.exit(1);
} else {
    var content = '',
        f = null,
        i;
    for ( i= 2; i < system.args.length; ++i ) {
        content += system.args[i] + (i === system.args.length-1 ? '' : ' ');
    }

    try {
        fs.write(system.args[1], content, 'w');
    } catch(e) {
        console.log(e);
    }

    phantom.exit();
}

*feibo函数

"use strict";
var fibs = [0, 1];
var ticker = window.setInterval(function () {
    console.log(fibs[fibs.length - 1]);
    fibs.push(fibs[fibs.length - 1] + fibs[fibs.length - 2]);
    if (fibs.length > 10) {
        window.clearInterval(ticker);
        phantom.exit();
    }
}, 300);

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*模块化

//demo.js
"use strict";
var universe = require('./universe');
universe.start();
console.log('The answer is ' + universe.answer);
phantom.exit();

//universe.js
"use strict";
exports.answer = 42;

exports.start = function () {
    console.log('Starting the universe....');
}

*编码问题

"use strict";
function helloWorld() {
    console.log(phantom.outputEncoding + ": こんにちは、世界！");
}

console.log("Using default encoding...");
helloWorld();

console.log("\nUsing other encodings...");

var encodings = ["euc-jp", "sjis", "utf8", "System"];
for (var i = 0; i < encodings.length; i++) {
    phantom.outputEncoding = encodings[i];
    helloWorld();
}

phantom.exit()

*获取系统变量

var system = require('system'),
    env = system.env,
    key;

for (key in env) {
    if (env.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
        console.log(key + '=' + env[key]);
    }
}
phantom.exit();

*扫描指定文件夹下面的路径，子文件也会被扫描到

// List all the files in a Tree of Directories

"use strict";
var system = require('system');

if (system.args.length !== 2) {
    console.log("Usage: phantomjs scandir.js DIRECTORY_TO_SCAN");
    phantom.exit(1);
}

var scanDirectory = function (path) {
    var fs = require('fs');
    if (fs.exists(path) && fs.isFile(path)) {
        console.log(path);
    } else if (fs.isDirectory(path)) {
        fs.list(path).forEach(function (e) {
            if ( e !== "." && e !== ".." ) {    //< Avoid loops
                scanDirectory(path + '/' + e);
            }
        });
    }
};
scanDirectory(system.args[1]);
phantom.exit();

*排序

// sleepsort.js - Sort integers from the commandline in a very ridiculous way: leveraging timeouts :P

"use strict";
var system = require('system');

function sleepSort(array, callback) {
    var sortedCount = 0,
        i, len;
    for ( i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; ++i ) {
        setTimeout((function(j){
            return function() {
                console.log(array[j]);
                ++sortedCount;
                (len === sortedCount) && callback();
            };
        }(i)), array[i]);
    }
}

if ( system.args.length < 2 ) {
    console.log("Usage: phantomjs sleepsort.js PUT YOUR INTEGERS HERE SEPARATED BY SPACES");
    phantom.exit(1);
} else {
    sleepSort(system.args.slice(1), function() {
        phantom.exit();
    });
}

*网页爬虫

// The purpose of this is to show how and when events fire, considering 5 steps
// happening as follows:
//
//      1. Load URL
//      2. Load same URL, but adding an internal FRAGMENT to it
//      3. Click on an internal Link, that points to another internal FRAGMENT
//      4. Click on an external Link, that will send the page somewhere else
//      5. Close page
//
// Take particular care when going through the output, to understand when
// things happen (and in which order). Particularly, notice what DOESN'T
// happen during step 3.
//
// If invoked with "-v" it will print out the Page Resources as they are
// Requested and Received.
//
// NOTE.1: The "onConsoleMessage/onAlert/onPrompt/onConfirm" events are
// registered but not used here. This is left for you to have fun with.
// NOTE.2: This script is not here to teach you ANY JavaScript. It's aweful!
// NOTE.3: Main audience for this are people new to PhantomJS.

"use strict";
var sys = require("system"),
    page = require("webpage").create(),
    logResources = false,
    step1url = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOM_events",
    step2url = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOM_events#Event_flow";

if (sys.args.length > 1 && sys.args[1] === "-v") {
    logResources = true;
}

function printArgs() {
    var i, ilen;
    for (i = 0, ilen = arguments.length; i < ilen; ++i) {
        console.log("    arguments[" + i + "] = " + JSON.stringify(arguments[i]));
    }
    console.log("");
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

page.onInitialized = function() {
    console.log("page.onInitialized");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
page.onLoadStarted = function() {
    console.log("page.onLoadStarted");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
page.onLoadFinished = function() {
    console.log("page.onLoadFinished");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
page.onUrlChanged = function() {
    console.log("page.onUrlChanged");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
page.onNavigationRequested = function() {
    console.log("page.onNavigationRequested");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
page.onRepaintRequested = function() {
    console.log("page.onRepaintRequested");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};

if (logResources === true) {
    page.onResourceRequested = function() {
        console.log("page.onResourceRequested");
        printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
    };
    page.onResourceReceived = function() {
        console.log("page.onResourceReceived");
        printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
    };
}

page.onClosing = function() {
    console.log("page.onClosing");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};

// window.console.log(msg);
page.onConsoleMessage = function() {
    console.log("page.onConsoleMessage");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};

// window.alert(msg);
page.onAlert = function() {
    console.log("page.onAlert");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
// var confirmed = window.confirm(msg);
page.onConfirm = function() {
    console.log("page.onConfirm");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};
// var user_value = window.prompt(msg, default_value);
page.onPrompt = function() {
    console.log("page.onPrompt");
    printArgs.apply(this, arguments);
};

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

setTimeout(function() {
    console.log("");
    console.log("### STEP 1: Load '" + step1url + "'");
    page.open(step1url);
}, 0);

setTimeout(function() {
    console.log("");
    console.log("### STEP 2: Load '" + step2url + "' (load same URL plus FRAGMENT)");
    page.open(step2url);
}, 5000);

setTimeout(function() {
    console.log("");
    console.log("### STEP 3: Click on page internal link (aka FRAGMENT)");
    page.evaluate(function() {
        var ev = document.createEvent("MouseEvents");
        ev.initEvent("click", true, true);
        document.querySelector("a[href='#Event_object']").dispatchEvent(ev);
    });
}, 10000);

setTimeout(function() {
    console.log("");
    console.log("### STEP 4: Click on page external link");
    page.evaluate(function() {
        var ev = document.createEvent("MouseEvents");
        ev.initEvent("click", true, true);
        document.querySelector("a[title='JavaScript']").dispatchEvent(ev);
    });
}, 15000);

setTimeout(function() {
    console.log("");
    console.log("### STEP 5: Close page and shutdown (with a delay)");
    page.close();
    setTimeout(function(){
        phantom.exit();
    }, 100);
}, 20000);

*使用HTML5 canvas，绘制图片

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create();
page.viewportSize = { width: 400, height : 400 };
page.content = '';
page.evaluate(function() {
    var el = document.getElementById('surface'),
        context = el.getContext('2d'),
        width = window.innerWidth,
        height = window.innerHeight,
        cx = width / 2,
        cy = height / 2,
        radius = width  / 2.3,
        imageData,
        pixels,
        hue, sat, value,
        i = 0, x, y, rx, ry, d,
        f, g, p, u, v, w, rgb;

    el.width = width;
    el.height = height;
    imageData = context.createImageData(width, height);
    pixels = imageData.data;

    for (y = 0; y < height; y = y + 1) {
        for (x = 0; x < width; x = x + 1, i = i + 4) {
            rx = x - cx;
            ry = y - cy;
            d = rx * rx + ry * ry;
            if (d < radius * radius) {
                hue = 6 * (Math.atan2(ry, rx) + Math.PI) / (2 * Math.PI);
                sat = Math.sqrt(d) / radius;
                g = Math.floor(hue);
                f = hue - g;
                u = 255 * (1 - sat);
                v = 255 * (1 - sat * f);
                w = 255 * (1 - sat * (1 - f));
                pixels[i] = [255, v, u, u, w, 255, 255][g];
                pixels[i + 1] = [w, 255, 255, v, u, u, w][g];
                pixels[i + 2] = [u, u, w, 255, 255, v, u][g];
                pixels[i + 3] = 255;
            }
        }
    }

    context.putImageData(imageData, 0, 0);
    document.body.style.backgroundColor = 'white';
    document.body.style.margin = '0px';
});

//这里需要更改下保存的位置
page.render('C:\\Users\\MrChen\\Desktop\\jscolorwheel.png');
phantom.exit();

*将网页进行截图，保存为pdf、png等各种格式的文件，可以指定大小

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create(),
    system = require('system'),
    address, output, size;

if (system.args.length < 3 || system.args.length > 5) {
    console.log('Usage: rasterize.js URL filename [paperwidth*paperheight|paperformat] [zoom]');
    console.log('  paper (pdf output) examples: "5in*7.5in", "10cm*20cm", "A4", "Letter"');
    console.log('  image (png/jpg output) examples: "1920px" entire page, window width 1920px');
    console.log('                                   "800px*600px" window, clipped to 800x600');
    phantom.exit(1);
} else {
    address = system.args[1];
    output = system.args[2];
    page.viewportSize = { width: 600, height: 600 };
    if (system.args.length > 3 && system.args[2].substr(-4) === ".pdf") {
        size = system.args[3].split('*');
        page.paperSize = size.length === 2 ? { width: size[0], height: size[1], margin: '0px' }
                                           : { format: system.args[3], orientation: 'portrait', margin: '1cm' };
    } else if (system.args.length > 3 && system.args[3].substr(-2) === "px") {
        size = system.args[3].split('*');
        if (size.length === 2) {
            pageWidth = parseInt(size[0], 10);
            pageHeight = parseInt(size[1], 10);
            page.viewportSize = { width: pageWidth, height: pageHeight };
            page.clipRect = { top: 0, left: 0, width: pageWidth, height: pageHeight };
        } else {
            console.log("size:", system.args[3]);
            pageWidth = parseInt(system.args[3], 10);
            pageHeight = parseInt(pageWidth * 3/4, 10); // it's as good an assumption as any
            console.log ("pageHeight:",pageHeight);
            page.viewportSize = { width: pageWidth, height: pageHeight };
        }
    }
    if (system.args.length > 4) {
        page.zoomFactor = system.args[4];
    }
    page.open(address, function (status) {
        if (status !== 'success') {
            console.log('Unable to load the address!');
            phantom.exit(1);
        } else {
            window.setTimeout(function () {
                page.render(output);
                phantom.exit();
            }, 200);
        }
    });
}

*同时对多个页面进行截图，然后保存为不同的图片

// Render Multiple URLs to file

"use strict";
var RenderUrlsToFile, arrayOfUrls, system;

system = require("system");

/*
Render given urls
@param array of URLs to render
@param callbackPerUrl Function called after finishing each URL, including the last URL
@param callbackFinal Function called after finishing everything
*/
RenderUrlsToFile = function(urls, callbackPerUrl, callbackFinal) {
    var getFilename, next, page, retrieve, urlIndex, webpage;
    urlIndex = 0;
    webpage = require("webpage");
    page = null;
    getFilename = function() {
        return "rendermulti-" + urlIndex + ".png";
    };
    next = function(status, url, file) {
        page.close();
        callbackPerUrl(status, url, file);
        return retrieve();
    };
    retrieve = function() {
        var url;
        if (urls.length > 0) {
            url = urls.shift();
            urlIndex++;
            page = webpage.create();
            page.viewportSize = {
                width: 800,
                height: 600
            };
            page.settings.userAgent = "Phantom.js bot";
            return page.open("http://" + url, function(status) {
                var file;
                file = getFilename();
                if (status === "success") {
                    return window.setTimeout((function() {
                        page.render(file);
                        return next(status, url, file);
                    }), 200);
                } else {
                    return next(status, url, file);
                }
            });
        } else {
            return callbackFinal();
        }
    };
    return retrieve();
};

arrayOfUrls = null;

if (system.args.length > 1) {
    arrayOfUrls = Array.prototype.slice.call(system.args, 1);
} else {
    console.log("Usage: phantomjs render_multi_url.js [domain.name1, domain.name2, ...]");
    arrayOfUrls = ["www.google.com", "www.bbc.co.uk", "phantomjs.org"];
}

RenderUrlsToFile(arrayOfUrls, (function(status, url, file) {
    if (status !== "success") {
        return console.log("Unable to render '" + url + "'");
    } else {
        return console.log("Rendered '" + url + "' at '" + file + "'");
    }
}), function() {
    return phantom.exit();
});

*js注入,这里是将该js注入到页面，但具体有什么用下次再研究

// Use 'page.injectJs()' to load the script itself in the Page context

"use strict";
if ( typeof(phantom) !== "undefined" ) {
    var page = require('webpage').create();

    // Route "console.log()" calls from within the Page context to the main Phantom context (i.e. current "this")
    page.onConsoleMessage = function(msg) {
        console.log(msg);
    };

    page.onAlert = function(msg) {
        console.log(msg);
    };

    console.log("* Script running in the Phantom context.");
    console.log("* Script will 'inject' itself in a page...");
    page.open("about:blank", function(status) {
        if ( status === "success" ) {
            console.log(page.injectJs("injectme.js") ? "... done injecting itself!" : "... fail! Check the $PWD?!");
        }
        phantom.exit();
    });
} else {
    alert("* Script running in the Page context.");
}

*引入js，并调用里面的方法

// Read the Phantom webpage '#intro' element text using jQuery and "includeJs"

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create();

page.onConsoleMessage = function(msg) {
    console.log(msg);
};

page.open("http://phantomjs.org/", function(status) {
    if (status === "success") {
        page.includeJs("http://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.2.0/jquery.js", function() {
            page.evaluate(function() {
                console.log("$(\".explanation\").text() -> " + $(".explanation").text());
            });
            phantom.exit(0);
        });
    } else {
      phantom.exit(1);
    }
});

*页面初始化时更改一些全局变量

// Modify global object at the page initialization.
// In this example, effectively Math.random() always returns 0.42.

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create();

page.onInitialized = function () {
    page.evaluate(function () {
        //这里修改了random函数
        Math.random = function() {
            return 42 / 100;
        };
    });
};

page.open('http://ariya.github.com/js/random/', function (status) {
    var result;
    if (status !== 'success') {
        console.log('Network error.');
    } else {
        console.log(page.evaluate(function () {
            return document.getElementById('numbers').textContent;
        }));
    }
    phantom.exit();
});

*等待元素加载

/**
 * Wait until the test condition is true or a timeout occurs. Useful for waiting
 * on a server response or for a ui change (fadeIn, etc.) to occur.
 *
 * @param testFx javascript condition that evaluates to a boolean,
 * it can be passed in as a string (e.g.: "1 == 1" or "$('#bar').is(':visible')" or
 * as a callback function.
 * @param onReady what to do when testFx condition is fulfilled,
 * it can be passed in as a string (e.g.: "1 == 1" or "$('#bar').is(':visible')" or
 * as a callback function.
 * @param timeOutMillis the max amount of time to wait. If not specified, 3 sec is used.
 */

"use strict";
function waitFor(testFx, onReady, timeOutMillis) {
    var maxtimeOutMillis = timeOutMillis ? timeOutMillis : 3000, //< Default Max Timout is 3s
        start = new Date().getTime(),
        condition = false,
        interval = setInterval(function() {
            if ( (new Date().getTime() - start < maxtimeOutMillis) && !condition ) {
                // If not time-out yet and condition not yet fulfilled
                condition = (typeof(testFx) === "string" ? eval(testFx) : testFx()); //< defensive code
            } else {
                if(!condition) {
                    // If condition still not fulfilled (timeout but condition is 'false')
                    console.log("'waitFor()' timeout");
                    phantom.exit(1);
                } else {
                    // Condition fulfilled (timeout and/or condition is 'true')
                    console.log("'waitFor()' finished in " + (new Date().getTime() - start) + "ms.");
                    typeof(onReady) === "string" ? eval(onReady) : onReady(); //< Do what it's supposed to do once the condition is fulfilled
                    clearInterval(interval); //< Stop this interval
                }
            }
        }, 250); //< repeat check every 250ms
};


var page = require('webpage').create();

// Open Twitter on 'sencha' profile and, onPageLoad, do...
page.open("http://twitter.com/#!/sencha", function (status) {
    // Check for page load success
    if (status !== "success") {
        console.log("Unable to access network");
    } else {
        // Wait for 'signin-dropdown' to be visible
        waitFor(function() {
            // Check in the page if a specific element is now visible
            return page.evaluate(function() {
                return $("#signin-dropdown").is(":visible");
            });
        }, function() {
           console.log("The sign-in dialog should be visible now.");
           phantom.exit();
        });
    }
});

这里网络原因打不开。

打印网络请求

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create(),
    system = require('system'),
    address;

if (system.args.length === 1) {
    console.log('Usage: netlog.js ');
    phantom.exit(1);
} else {
    address = system.args[1];

    page.onResourceRequested = function (req) {
        console.log('requested: ' + JSON.stringify(req, undefined, 4));
    };

    page.onResourceReceived = function (res) {
        console.log('received: ' + JSON.stringify(res, undefined, 4));
    };

    page.open(address, function (status) {
        if (status !== 'success') {
            console.log('FAIL to load the address');
        }
        phantom.exit();
    });
}

*url加载时间

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create(),
    system = require('system'),
    t, address;

if (system.args.length === 1) {
    console.log('Usage: loadspeed.js ');
    phantom.exit(1);
} else {
    t = Date.now();
    address = system.args[1];
    page.open(address, function (status) {
        if (status !== 'success') {
            console.log('FAIL to load the address');
        } else {
            t = Date.now() - t;
            phantom.outputEncoding = "gbk";
            console.log('Page title is ' + page.evaluate(function () {
                return document.title;
            }));
            console.log('Loading time ' + t + ' msec');
        }
        phantom.exit();
    });
}

//TODO:detectsniff.js netsniff.js

*发送post请求

// Example using HTTP POST operation

"use strict";
var page = require('webpage').create(),
    server = 'http://posttestserver.com/post.php?dump',
    data = 'universe=expanding&answer=42';

page.open(server, 'post', data, function (status) {
    if (status !== 'success') {
        console.log('Unable to post!');
    } else {
        console.log(page.content);
    }
    phantom.exit();
});