tiny4412学习(二)之移植linux-4.x支持设备树
- 硬件平台：tiny4412
- 系统：linux-4.4
- 文件系统：busybox-1.25
- 编译器： arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc （gcc version 4.8.3 20140320）
- uboot：友善自带uboot，见上节
实验参考摩斯电码的博客：
http://www.cnblogs.com/pengdonglin137/p/5137941.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/pengdonglin137/p/5143516.html
一、u-boot修改
1、更新交叉工具链
到：http://www.veryarm.com/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc
下载：arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
tar –xjf arm-2014.05-29-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
修改环境变量：
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/work/gcc/arm-2014.05/bin"
gcc version 4.8.3 20140320 (prerelease) (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2014.05-29)
2、关闭uboot开启的MMU
（1）修改include/configs/tiny4412.h
将
#define CONFIG_ENABLE_MMU
修改为
#undef CONFIG_ENABLE_MMU
（2） 只关闭MMU还不够，还需要修改u-boot的链接地址修改文件board/samsung/tiny4412/config.mk
将
CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE = 0xc3e00000
修改为
CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE = 0x43e00000
因为板子是1G内存，从4000 0000 开始
4000 0000 - 5000 0000 256M
......
7000 0000 - 8000 0000 1G
3、使uboot可以引导uImage
修改uboot源码下：common/cmd_bootm.c
（1）
int do_bootm (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char * const argv[])
{
ulong iflag;
ulong load_end = 0;
int ret;
boot_os_fn *boot_fn;
int iszImage = 0;
（2）
images.legacy_hdr_valid = 1;
iszImage = 1;
goto after_header_check;.
（3）
images.os.os = hdr->;ih_os;
images.ep = image_get_ep (&;images.legacy_hdr_os_copy);
改为
if (iszImage) {
images.os.os = hdr->ih_os;
images.ep = image_get_ep (&images.legacy_hdr_os_copy);
}
4、修改uboot支持设备树
修改include/configs/tiny4412.h
增加如下两个宏
#define CONFIG_OF_LIBFDT
#define CONFIG_SYS_BOOTMAPSZ (20 << 20)
5、编译uboot
（1）修改makefile，增加：
ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
CROSS_COMPILE ?=/work/gcc/arm-2014.05/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
endif
（2）make distclean
（3）make tiny4412_config
（4）make
（5）烧写到SD卡
cd sd_fuse/tiny4412
./sd_fusing.sh /dev/sdc （fdisk -l查看）
（6）启动uboot
U-Boot 2010.12 (Jul 02 2017 - 11:26:09) for TINY4412
CPU: S5PC220 [Samsung SOC on SMP Platform Base on ARM CortexA9]
APLL = 1400MHz, MPLL = 800MHz
Board: TINY4412
DRAM: 1023 MiB
vdd_arm: 1.2
vdd_int: 1.0
vdd_mif: 1.1
BL1 version: N/A (TrustZone Enabled BSP)
Checking Boot Mode ... SDMMC
REVISION: 1.1
fwbl1: 0
iram block: 16
u-boot: 48
TrustZone S/W: 704
env: 1024
knl: 1057
rfs: 13345
bl2: 16
MMC Device 0: 14756 MB
lizuobin read idff
lizuobin read idff
lizuobin read idff
lizuobin read idff
fwbl1: 0
iram block: 16
u-boot: 48
TrustZone S/W: 704
env: 1024
knl: 1057
rfs: 13345
bl2: 16
MMC Device 1: 3728 MB
MMC Device 2: N/A
Net: No ethernet found.
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 二、内核及文件系统系统制作
1、内核移植（支持设备树）
（1）下载源码：https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ 下载 linux-4.4.tar.gz
（2）解压：tar –xzf linux-4.4.tar.gz
（3）cd linux-4.4
（4）修改makefile，增加
+ARCH ?= arm
+CROSS_COMPILE ?= /work/gcc/arm-2014.05/bin/arm-none-linux-gnueabi-
（5）配置：linux-4.4 已经很好的支持了tiny4412，所以移植的工作并不多。
make exynos_defconfig
（6）
修改arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-tiny4412.dts
chosen {
stdout-path = &;serial_0;
bootargs = "root=/dev/ram0 rw rootfstype=ext4 console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc earlyprintk";
};
pinctrl-names = "default";
#status = "okay";
status = "disabled";
}&serial_0
（7）配置内核，支持ramdisk
make menuconfig
File systems --->;
<*> Second extended fs support
Device Drivers
SCSI device support --->;
<*> SCSI disk support
Block devices --->;
<*>RAM block device support
(16)Default number of RAM disks
(8192) Default RAM disk size (kbytes) (修改为8M)
General setup --->;
[*] Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support（8） 配置内核，使其支持tmpfs
$ make menuconfig
File systems --->;
Pseudo filesystems --->
[*] Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs)
[*] Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Listsexynos的默认配置也已经支持了。
（9）编译产生uImage
make uImage LOADADDR=0x40008000 -j2
生成的uImage在arch/arm/boot下。
（10）编译设备树
make dtbs
arch/arm/boot/dts/会生成tiny4412上用的设备树镜像文件exynos4412-tiny4412.dtb。
（11）文件系统制作
下载busybox的代码，制作ramdisk镜像。
三、下载测试
下载内核、文件系统、设备树文件
#u-boot：dnw 0x40600000
dnw arch/arm/boot/uImage
#u-boot：dnw 0x41000000
dnw ramdisk.img
#u-boot：dnw 0x42000000
dnw arch/arm/boot/dts/exynos4412-tiny4412.dtb
启动内核
使用bootm启动内核：
bootm 0x40600000 0x41000000 0x42000000
启动日志：TINY4412 # bootm 0x40600000 0x41000000 0x42000000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 40600000 ...
Image Name: Linux-4.4.0
Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 4193128 Bytes = 4094 KiB
Load Address: 40008000
Entry Point: 40008000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at 41000000 ...
Image Name: ramdisk
Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
Data Size: 2585838 Bytes = 2525 KiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 42000000
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x42000000
Loading Kernel Image ... OK
OK
## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at 41000000 ...
Image Name: ramdisk
Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (gzip compressed)
Data Size: 2585838 Bytes = 2525 KiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
Loading Ramdisk to 43a84000, end 43cfb4ee ... OK
Loading Device Tree to 413f2000, end 413ff555 ... OK
Starting kernel ...
[ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0xa00
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.4.0 (root@book-virtual-machine) (gcc version 4.8.3 20140320 (prerelease) (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2014.05-29) ) #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Jul 2 11:55:00 CST 2017
[ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [413fc090] revision 0 (ARMv7), cr=10c5387d
[ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache
[ 0.000000] Machine model: FriendlyARM TINY4412 board based on Exynos4412
[ 0.000000] cma: Reserved 64 MiB at 0x7bc00000
[ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc
[ 0.000000] Samsung CPU ID: 0xe4412011
[ 0.000000] PERCPU: Embedded 12 pages/cpu @ef79c000 s18816 r8192 d22144 u49152
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 260352
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p1 rootfstype=ext4 console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc ctp=2 skipcali=y loglevel=7
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 961316K/1047552K available (5715K kernel code, 239K rwdata, 2020K rodata, 432K init, 315K bss, 20700K reserved, 65536K cma-reserved, 195584K highmem)
[ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout:
[ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB)
[ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xffc00000 - 0xfff00000 (3072 kB)
[ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xf0800000 - 0xff800000 ( 240 MB)
[ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xf0000000 ( 768 MB)
[ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB)
[ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB)
[ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0795eac (7736 kB)
[ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0796000 - 0xc0802000 ( 432 kB)
[ 0.000000] .data : 0xc0802000 - 0xc083de00 ( 240 kB)
[ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc0840000 - 0xc088ec28 ( 316 kB)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] Build-time adjustment of leaf fanout to 32.
[ 0.000000] RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=4.
[ 0.000000] RCU: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=32, nr_cpu_ids=4
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:16 nr_irqs:16 16
[ 0.000000] GIC physical location is 0x10490000
[ 0.000000] L2C: platform modifies aux control register: 0x02070000 -> 0x3e470001
[ 0.000000] L2C: platform provided aux values permit register corruption.
[ 0.000000] L2C: DT/platform modifies aux control register: 0x02070000 -> 0x3e470001
[ 0.000000] L2C-310 enabling early BRESP for Cortex-A9
[ 0.000000] L2C-310: enabling full line of zeros but not enabled in Cortex-A9
[ 0.000000] L2C-310 dynamic clock gating enabled, standby mode enabled
[ 0.000000] L2C-310 cache controller enabled, 16 ways, 1024 kB
[ 0.000000] L2C-310: CACHE_ID 0x4100c4c8, AUX_CTRL 0x4e470001
[ 0.000000] Exynos4x12 clocks: sclk_apll = 466666667, sclk_mpll = 800000000
[ 0.000000] sclk_epll = 96000000, sclk_vpll = 108000000, arm_clk = 1400000000
[ 0.000000] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 41ns
[ 0.000000] clocksource: mct-frc: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 79635851949 ns
[ 0.000003] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 89478484971ns
[ 0.000125] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[ 0.000138] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 48.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=120000)
[ 0.000148] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.000215] Mount-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.000222] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[ 0.000596] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[ 0.000793] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 10, mpidr 80000a00
[ 0.001024] Setting up static identity map for 0x40008280 - 0x400082d8
[ 0.045045] CPU1: thread -1, cpu 1, socket 10, mpidr 80000a01
[ 0.060040] CPU2: thread -1, cpu 2, socket 10, mpidr 80000a02
[ 0.075041] CPU3: thread -1, cpu 3, socket 10, mpidr 80000a03
[ 0.075081] Brought up 4 CPUs
[ 0.075093] SMP: Total of 4 processors activated (192.00 BogoMIPS).
[ 0.075098] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode.
[ 0.075616] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.084885] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 3 part 30 variant 9 rev 4
[ 0.085179] lcd0-power-domain@10023C80 has as child subdomain: tv-power-domain@10023C20.
[ 0.085542] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 9556302231375000 ns
[ 0.087530] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[ 0.088329] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.089749] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[ 0.105005] cpuidle: using governor ladder
[ 0.120000] cpuidle: using governor menu
[ 0.120758] exynos-audss-clk 3810000.clock-controller: setup completed
[ 0.157186] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 0.157551] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.157627] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.157707] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.158855] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[ 0.159956] clocksource: Switched to clocksource mct-frc
[ 0.169326] missing cooling_device property
[ 0.169336] failed to build thermal zone cpu-thermal: -2
[ 0.169438] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.169823] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.169883] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 5, 163840 bytes)
[ 0.170058] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192)
[ 0.170135] UDP hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 24576 bytes)
[ 0.170163] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 512 (order: 2, 24576 bytes)
[ 0.170308] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.170515] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 0.170522] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 0.170526] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 0.170531] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 0.170682] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs...
[ 0.171066] rootfs image is not initramfs (no cpio magic); looks like an initrd
[ 0.178611] Freeing initrd memory: 2528K (c3a84000 - c3cfc000)
[ 0.180220] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.189910] romfs: ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.
[ 0.190627] bounce: pool size: 64 pages
[ 0.190639] io scheduler noop registered
[ 0.190648] io scheduler deadline registered
[ 0.190827] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 0.195804] dma-pl330 12680000.pdma: Loaded driver for PL330 DMAC-141330
[ 0.195815] dma-pl330 12680000.pdma: DBUFF-32x4bytes Num_Chans-8 Num_Peri-32 Num_Events-32
[ 0.198955] dma-pl330 12690000.pdma: Loaded driver for PL330 DMAC-141330
[ 0.198966] dma-pl330 12690000.pdma: DBUFF-32x4bytes Num_Chans-8 Num_Peri-32 Num_Events-32
[ 0.199872] dma-pl330 12850000.mdma: Loaded driver for PL330 DMAC-141330
[ 0.199882] dma-pl330 12850000.mdma: DBUFF-64x8bytes Num_Chans-8 Num_Peri-1 Num_Events-32
[ 0.258208] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 0.259497] 13800000.serial: ttySAC0 at MMIO 0x13800000 (irq = 44, base_baud = 0) is a S3C6400/10
[ 0.893042] console [ttySAC0] enabled
[ 0.897038] 13810000.serial: ttySAC1 at MMIO 0x13810000 (irq = 45, base_baud = 0) is a S3C6400/10
[ 0.905817] 13820000.serial: ttySAC2 at MMIO 0x13820000 (irq = 46, base_baud = 0) is a S3C6400/10
[ 0.914662] 13830000.serial: ttySAC3 at MMIO 0x13830000 (irq = 47, base_baud = 0) is a S3C6400/10
[ 0.924239] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810
[ 0.938118] brd: module loaded
[ 0.943226] loop: module loaded
[ 0.944056] usbcore: registered new interface driver r8152
[ 0.944186] usbcore: registered new interface driver asix
[ 0.944901] usbcore: registered new interface driver ax88179_178a
[ 0.950999] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether
[ 0.956814] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc75xx
[ 0.962551] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc95xx
[ 0.968259] usbcore: registered new interface driver net1080
[ 0.973900] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_subset
[ 0.979802] usbcore: registered new interface driver zaurus
[ 0.985391] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ncm
[ 0.991341] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 0.997448] ehci-exynos: EHCI EXYNOS driver
[ 1.001740] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[ 1.007792] ohci-exynos: OHCI EXYNOS driver
[ 1.012303] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 1.018477] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 1.024259] s3c-rtc 10070000.rtc: failed to find rtc source clock
[ 1.029582] s3c-rtc: probe of 10070000.rtc failed with error -2
[ 1.035678] i2c /dev entries driver
[ 1.041008] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.34.0-ioctl (2015-10-28) initialised: [email protected]
[ 1.048188] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[ 1.053518] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[ 1.057990] Synopsys Designware Multimedia Card Interface Driver
[ 1.065815] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 1.069388] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 1.076210] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 1.078177] sit: IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver
[ 1.082805] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 1.086696] NET: Registered protocol family 15
[ 1.091276] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler
[ 1.097130] hctosys: unable to open rtc device (rtc0)
[ 1.112737] ALSA device list:
[ 1.112775] No soundcards found.
[ 1.113484] RAMDISK: gzip image found at block 0
[ 1.257012] EXT4-fs (ram0): mounted filesystem with o鋎ered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 1.257106] VFS: Mounted root (ext4 filesystem) on device 1:0.
Please press Enter to activate this console.
[root@tiny4412 ]#
[root@tiny4412 ]#
[root@tiny4412 ]# ls
bin etc linuxrc mnt root sys usr
dev lib lost+found proc sbin tmp var内核、uboot、文件系统文件下载：
http://download.csdn.net/detail/fengyuwuzu0519/9886548