连接至vCenter Server或ESXi
Connect-VIServer -Server serverip -username root -Password password #这个在通过程序菜单启动PowerCLI的时候就会提示的
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使PowerShell启动时自动加载PowerCLI插件,将以下代码保存为
%UserProfile%\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
if ((Get-PSSnapin -Name VMware.VimAutomation.Core -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -eq $null) { try { Write-Host "Loading PowerCLI plugin, this may take a little while" -foregroundcolor "cyan" Add-PSSnapin VMware.VimAutomation.Core $PCLIVer = Get-PowerCLIVersion if ((($PCLIVer.Major * 10 ) + $PCLIVer.Minor) -ge 51) { $null = Set-PowerCLIConfiguration -InvalidCertificateAction Ignore -confirm:$false -Scope "Session" } } catch { Write-Host "Unable to load the PowerCLI plugin. Please verify installation or install VMware PowerCLI and run this script again." Read-Host "Pressto exit" exit } }
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查找vSphere环境中存在快照的虚拟机(Get-VM后面加上指定虚机名称即可查询指定虚机的快照)
Get-VM | Get-Snapshot #显示快照列表 Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | format-list #详细显示快照信息 Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | format-table Created,VM,SizeMB #指定输出列 Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | format-table Created,VM,@{label="SizeGB";Expression={"{0:N2}" -f ($_.SizeMB/1024)}} #将输出单位改为GB,并指定小数位数为2位。5.1版本以后可以用SizeGB代替SizeMB/1024
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将指定VM的E1000网卡替换为VMXNET3(KB2059053的临时方案)
Get-VM vmname | Get-NetworkAdapter | Where {$_.Type -eq "E1000"} | Set-NetworkAdapter -Type vmxnet3
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获取存储对象,并排除掉本地存储(如需筛选输出列,使用Select-Object)
Get-Datastore| Where-Object {$_.Name -notmatch "local|datastore"}
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PowerCLI 脚本创建10个虚拟机 #************************************ #需要定义esxi主机IP host1 #需要定义esxi主机IP host1 #需要预先配置好模板 名称 Win2K3 #需要定义存储 vStorage1 #最后就是自定义规范定义好 $customization #************************************ Connect-VIServer -Server 192.168.1.11 -User testuser -Password pwd Get-VMHost $host1 = "192.168.1.2" $template = "Win2K3" $datastore = "vStorage1" $customization = "Win2K3" for($i = 1; $i -le 10; $i++) { $tempvm = "vServer-"+$i $array += $tempvm } foreach ($vm in $array) { $vm=New-VM -Name $vm -Template $template -Host $host1 -Datastore $datastore -OSCustomizationSpec $customization -Confirm:$false }
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# 用来获取vSphere环境中ESXi主机一周内的CPU、内存、磁盘、网络最大使用情况 # 保存为 Weekly_Report.ps1 以 Weekly_Report.ps1 vcenterserver 的格式执行 # 连接vCenter方法1,通过参数指定vCenter的方式 param( [string] $VIServer ) Write-Host "Connecting to VI Server" Connect-VIServer $VIServer if ($VIServer -eq ""){ Write-Host Write-Host "Please specify a vCenter Server eg...." Write-Host "powershell.exe Weekly_Report.ps1 10.113.7.211" Write-Host Write-Host exit } # 连接vCenter方法2,根据提示输入vCenter连接信息的方式 #$VCServer = Read-Host "Enter the vCenter server name" #$Username = Read-Host "Enter the username" #$Password = Read-Host "Enter password" #Connect-VIServer $VCServer -User $username -Password $password -port 443 #if ($VIServer -eq ""){ # Write-Host # Write-Host "Please input a valid credential" # Write-Host # exit #} #指定以csv格式,以当前日期命名报告文件 $Reportfile = "C:\" + (Get-Date -uformat "%Y-%m-%d") + ".csv" $Report = @() #获取主机列表 $VMHs = Get-VMHost | Sort-Object Name ForEach ($vmh in $vmhs) { $myObj = "" | Select-Object HostName, CpuMaxUsage, MemMaxUsage, DiskMaxLatency_ms, DiskMaxUsage_KBps, NetMaxUsage_KBps $myObj.HostName = (Get-VMHost -name $vmh).Name $myObj.CpuMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-VMHost -name $VMH | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Cpu.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.MemMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-VMHost -name $VMH | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Mem.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.DiskMaxLatency_ms = (Get-VMHost -name $VMH | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Disk.maxtotallatency.latest | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.DiskMaxUsage_KBps = (Get-VMHost -name $VMH | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Disk.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.NetMaxUsage_KBps = (Get-VMHost -name $VMH | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Net.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $Report += $myObj Write-Host "$vmh Done!" } #输出主机一周性能信息到报告文件 $Report | Export-Csv -NoTypeInformation -UseCulture -path $Reportfile "" >> $Reportfile #获取群集的一周性能信息 $Report = @() $myObj = "" | Select-Object HostName, CpuMaxUsage, MemMaxUsage $myObj.HostName = (Get-VM VC01*).Name $myObj.CpuMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-VM VC01* | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Cpu.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.MemMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-VM VC01* | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Mem.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $Report += $myObj Write-Host "VC01 Done!" $myObj = "" | Select-Object HostName, CpuMaxUsage, MemMaxUsage $myObj.HostName = (Get-Cluster OP0*).Name $myObj.CpuMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-Cluster OP0* | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Cpu.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.MemMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-Cluster OP0* | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Mem.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $Report += $myObj Write-Host "OP0 Done!" $myObj = "" | Select-Object HostName, CpuMaxUsage, MemMaxUsage $myObj.HostName = (Get-Cluster OP1*).Name $myObj.CpuMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-Cluster OP1* | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Cpu.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $myObj.MemMaxUsage = "{0:N2}%" -f (Get-Cluster OP1* | Get-Stat -Start ((Get-Date).adddays(-7)) -Finish (Get-Date) -Stat Mem.Usage.Average | Measure-Object -Maximum -Property Value).Maximum $Report += $myObj Write-Host "OP1 Done!" #输出到报告文件 $Report | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation >> $Reportfile "" >> $Reportfile #获取存储的使用情况,忽略以local和datastore命名的存储(本地存储的命名,根据情况修改) Get-Datastore | Where-Object {$_.Name -notmatch "local|datastore"} | Select Name,@{N="TotalSpace_TB";E={"{0:N2}" -f ($_.ExtensionData.Summary.Capacity/1024/1024/1024/1024)}},@{N="ProvisionedSpace_TB";E={"{0:N2}" -f (($_.ExtensionData.Summary.Capacity - $_.ExtensionData.Summary.FreeSpace + $_.ExtensionData.Summary.Uncommitted)/1024/1024/1024/1024)}},@{N="FreeSpace_TB";E={"{0:N2}" -f ($_.ExtensionData.Summary.FreeSpace/1024/1024/1024/1024)}} | Sort-Object Name | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation >> $Reportfile Write-Host "Datastore Done!" # 断开连接 Disconnect-VIServer -Confirm:$False
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通过smtp服务器发送邮件
#指定报告附件 $Reportfile = C:\report.csv #指定SMTP服务器地址 $smtpServer = "Mail_Server_Address" #创建邮件对象、附件 $msg = new-object Net.Mail.MailMessage $att = new-object Net.Mail.Attachment($Reportfile) $smtp = new-object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($smtpServer) #设置发件人地址、收件人地址 $msg.From = "Sender_Mail_Address" $msg.To.Add("Recipient_Mail_Address") #设置主题、正文,添加附件 $msg.Subject = "VMware Report_" + (Get-Date -uformat "%Y-%m-%d") $msg.Body = "附件为vSphere性能检查报告,请查收" $msg.Attachments.Add($att) #发送邮件 $smtp.Send($msg)
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查询虚拟机创建事件(前提是日志信息在有效期内未被清理),可获取虚拟机创建者信息,创建日期
Get-VM $vmname | Get-VIEvent -Types Info | Where { $_.Gettype().Name -eq "VmBeingDeployedEvent" -or $_.Gettype().Name -eq "VmCreatedEvent" -or $_.Gettype().Name -eq "VmRegisteredEvent" -or $_.Gettype().Name -eq "VmClonedEvent"}
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检查所有虚机的内存和CPU预留情况
## 给定虚机的内存预留情况
Get-Cluster “myCluster” | Get-VM | Get-VMResourceConfiguration | select VM,MemReservationMB
## 给定虚机的CPU预留情况
Get-Cluster “myCluster” | Get-VM | Get-VMResourceConfiguration | select VM,CPUReservationMhz
设置所有虚机的内存或CPU预留
## 设置给定虚机的内存预留为0
Get-Cluster “myCluster” | Get-VM | Get-VMResourceConfiguration | Set-VMResourceConfiguration -MemReservationMB 0 -Confirm:$false
##设置给定虚机的CPU预留为0
Get-Cluster “myCluster” | Get-VM | Get-VMResourceConfiguration | Set-VMResourceConfiguration -CPUReservationMhz 0 -Confirm:$false
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利用PowerCLI修改虚拟机的硬件版本
Set-VM -VM vm01 -version v9 -confirm:$false
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利用PowerCLI将文件传输到VM里去
$vm=Get-VM -Name vmname Get-Item "C:\Temp\*.*" | Copy-VMGuestFile -Destination -"C:\Temp\" -VM $vm -LocalToGuest -HostUser root -HostPassword password -GuestUser administrator -GuestPassword guestpassword
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利用PowerCLI创建NFS数据存储
Get-Cluster clustername | Get-VMHost| New-Datastore -Nfs -Name NFS01 -Path "/mnt/NFS01/" -NfsHost 192.168.1.101