Spring Cloud Gateway的全局异常处理

Spring Cloud Gateway中的全局异常处理不能直接用@ControllerAdvice来处理,通过跟踪异常信息的抛出,找到对应的源码,自定义一些处理逻辑来符合业务的需求。

网关都是给接口做代理转发的,后端对应的都是REST API,返回数据格式都是JSON。如果不做处理,当发生异常时,Gateway默认给出的错误信息是页面,不方便前端进行异常处理。

需要对异常信息进行处理,返回JSON格式的数据给客户端。下面先看实现的代码,后面再跟大家讲下需要注意的地方。

自定义异常处理逻辑:

package com.cxytiandi.gateway.exception;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ResourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorAttributes;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RequestPredicates;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunction;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.RouterFunctions;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerRequest;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.function.server.ServerResponse;

/**
 * 自定义异常处理
 * 
 * 

异常时用JSON代替HTML异常信息

* * @author yinjihuan * */ public class JsonExceptionHandler extends DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler {     public JsonExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes, ResourceProperties resourceProperties, ErrorProperties errorProperties, ApplicationContext applicationContext) {         super(errorAttributes, resourceProperties, errorProperties, applicationContext); }     /**     * 获取异常属性     */    @Override    protected Map getErrorAttributes(ServerRequest request, boolean includeStackTrace) {         int code = 500;     Throwable error = super.getError(request);         if (error instanceof org.springframework.cloud.gateway.support.NotFoundException) {         code = 404;     }         return response(code, this.buildMessage(request, error)); }     /**     * 指定响应处理方法为JSON处理的方法     * @param errorAttributes     */    @Override    protected RouterFunction getRoutingFunction(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {         return RouterFunctions.route(RequestPredicates.all(), this::renderErrorResponse);    }     /**     * 根据code获取对应的HttpStatus     * @param errorAttributes     */    @Override    protected HttpStatus getHttpStatus(Map errorAttributes) {         int statusCode = (int) errorAttributes.get("code");         return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);    }     /**     * 构建异常信息     * @param request     * @param ex     * @return     */    private String buildMessage(ServerRequest request, Throwable ex) {        StringBuilder message = new StringBuilder("Failed to handle request [");        message.append(request.methodName());        message.append(" ");        message.append(request.uri());        message.append("]");         if (ex != null) {            message.append(": ");            message.append(ex.getMessage());        }         return message.toString();    }     /**     * 构建返回的JSON数据格式     * @param status        状态码     * @param errorMessage  异常信息     * @return     */    public static Map response(int status, String errorMessage) {        Map map = new HashMap<>();        map.put("code", status);        map.put("message", errorMessage);        map.put("data", null);         return map;    } }

覆盖默认的配置:

package com.cxytiandi.gateway.exception;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectProvider;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ResourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorAttributes;
import org.springframework.boot.web.reactive.error.ErrorWebExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.http.codec.ServerCodecConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.reactive.result.view.ViewResolver;

/**
 * 覆盖默认的异常处理
 * 
 * @author yinjihuan
 *
 */
@Configuration@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class})
public class ErrorHandlerConfiguration {    
    private final ServerProperties serverProperties;    
    private final ApplicationContext applicationContext;    
    private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;    
    private final List viewResolvers;    
    private final ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer;    
    
    public ErrorHandlerConfiguration(ServerProperties serverProperties,
                                     ResourceProperties resourceProperties,
                                     ObjectProvider> viewResolversProvider,
                                     ServerCodecConfigurer serverCodecConfigurer,
                                     ApplicationContext applicationContext) { 
        this.serverProperties = serverProperties;        
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;        
        this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;        
        this.viewResolvers = viewResolversProvider.getIfAvailable(Collections::emptyList);           
        this.serverCodecConfigurer = serverCodecConfigurer;
    }    

    @Bean
    @Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)    
    public ErrorWebExceptionHandler errorWebExceptionHandler(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {
        JsonExceptionHandler exceptionHandler = new JsonExceptionHandler(errorAttributes, 
            this.resourceProperties, this.serverProperties.getError(), this.applicationContext);
        exceptionHandler.setViewResolvers(this.viewResolvers);
        exceptionHandler.setMessageWriters(this.serverCodecConfigurer.getWriters());
        exceptionHandler.setMessageReaders(this.serverCodecConfigurer.getReaders());
        return exceptionHandler;
    }

}

注意点

  • 异常时如何返回JSON而不是HTML?

在org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.reactive.error.DefaultErrorWebExceptionHandler中的getRoutingFunction()方法就是控制返回格式的,原代码如下:

@Override
protected RouterFunction getRoutingFunction(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {       
    return RouterFunctions.route(acceptsTextHtml(), this::renderErrorView)
                .andRoute(RequestPredicates.all(), this::renderErrorResponse);
}

这边优先是用HTML来显示的,想用JSON的改下就可以了,如下:

protected RouterFunction getRoutingFunction(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) {       
    return RouterFunctions.route(RequestPredicates.all(), this::renderErrorResponse);
}
  • getHttpStatus需要重写

原始的方法是通过status来获取对应的HttpStatus的,代码如下:

protected HttpStatus getHttpStatus(Map errorAttributes) {      
    int statusCode = (int) errorAttributes.get("status");      
    return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);
}

如果我们定义的格式中没有status字段的话,这么就会报错,找不到对应的响应码,要么返回数据格式中增加status子段,要么重写,我这边返回的是code,所以要重写,代码如下:

@Override
protected HttpStatus getHttpStatus(Map errorAttributes) {    
    int statusCode = (int) errorAttributes.get("code");    
    return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);
}

你可能感兴趣的:(SpringCloud,gateway)