为了实现一个如下图红色方框所示的控件,系统自带控件并不能满足要求,因此需要继承View重新画一个这样的控件
分析此控件发现分为3部分,中间的一列横线和左右两个标签
中间的部分好绘制,通过循环调用canvas的drawLine方法即可
然后分析左右两边的两个标签,因为左右两个是一样的,因此只分析左边的
外围形状是一个圆环被拉出来了一个三角形,这个三角形是等边三角形,等边三角形的上边顶点设为tt,下边顶点设为bb,右边顶点设为rr
tt和bb与圆心相连构成一个角度,这个角度是30度
根据上边已知条件,使用三角函数运算可以计算出等边三角形的边长
圆弧加上等边三角形的两条边构成了一个闭合路径,因此使用canvas的drawPath绘制路径
路径的起点设为等边三角形的右顶点rr,根据三角函数关系可以计算出等边三角形下顶点bb的坐标
从bb开始计算圆弧路径,起始角度为15度,扫过角度为360度减去30度
之后把路径闭合即可,调用path的close()方法
圆弧位置的确定需要一个外接正方形,已知等边三角形的三个顶点可以很方便求出圆的最右边点的坐标
以圆的最右边坐标计算外接正方形的左上顶点坐标和右下顶点坐标
最后绘制文字即可
测试效果如下:
测试代码:
final Random random=new Random(); final RankBar bar=(RankBar)findViewById(R.id.rank_bar); bar.setRanks(19,29); bar.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){ @Override public void onClick(View v){ bar.setRanks(random.nextInt(29)+1,random.nextInt(29)+1); } });完整代码如下:
public class RankBar extends View {
private Context context;
/*左右bar的颜色*/
private int mColorLeft, mColorRight;
/*左右bar的数值*/
private int mRankLeft, mRankRight;
private TypedValue typedValue;
/*画图形的画笔*/
private Paint paintDraw = new Paint();
/*文字画笔*/
private Paint paintText = new Paint();
private Path path = new Path();
/*等分*/
private final int HEIGHT_DEGREE = 40, WIDTH_DEGREES = 31;
public RankBar(Context context) {
super(context);
this.context=context;
init();
}
public RankBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
this.context=context;
init();
}
public RankBar(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
this.context=context;
init();
}
private void init() {
/*数据初始化,没有设置数据时候的默认数据*/
mColorLeft = Color.rgb(95, 112, 72);
mColorRight = Color.rgb(69, 91, 136);
mRankLeft = 1;
mRankRight = 1;
typedValue=new TypedValue();
context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(R.attr.title_bar,typedValue,true);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
float totalWidth = getWidth();
float totalHeight = getHeight();
paintDraw.reset();
paintDraw.setAntiAlias(true);
paintText.reset();
paintText.setAntiAlias(true);
/*把总宽度平均分为WIDTH_DEGREES份,中间短横线的长度占一份*/
float lineLength = totalWidth / WIDTH_DEGREES;
/*中间一列一共有30个短横线刻度,记录每个短横线刻度的垂直方向的坐标位置,方便绘制*/
float[] lineYs = new float[30];
for (int i = HEIGHT_DEGREE / 2 - 14; i <= HEIGHT_DEGREE / 2 + 15; i++) {
lineYs[i - (HEIGHT_DEGREE / 2 - 14)] = totalHeight * i / HEIGHT_DEGREE;
}
/*设置画中间水平线的画笔*/
paintDraw.setColor(getResources().getColor(typedValue.resourceId));
paintDraw.setAlpha(50);
/*设置画笔的宽度*/
paintDraw.setStrokeWidth(totalHeight / HEIGHT_DEGREE /3);
for (int i = 0; i < lineYs.length; i++) {
/*循环绘制中间的短横线刻度*/
canvas.drawLine(totalWidth / 2 - lineLength, lineYs[i], totalWidth / 2 + lineLength, lineYs[i], paintDraw);
}
/*气泡的半径*/
float radius = totalHeight *2.5f/ HEIGHT_DEGREE;
/*绘制左边标签*/
path.reset();
/*moveTo:Set the beginning of the next contour to the point (x,y).*/
/*计算等边三角形右边顶点的坐标rr*/
float triangleRightVertexX=totalWidth / 2 - lineLength / 2;
float triangleRightVertexY=lineYs[mRankLeft - 1];
/*路径起点移动到等边三角形右边顶点rr,以此顶点rr画线*/
path.moveTo(triangleRightVertexX, triangleRightVertexY);
/*计算等边三角形的边长,等边三角形上下两个顶点和圆相交于tt,bb,tt、bb与圆心夹角30度*/
float triangleLength= radius*(float)Math.sin(15*2*Math.PI/360)*2;
/*计算bb坐标,为绘制弧形的起点*/
float arcStartPointX=triangleRightVertexX-triangleLength*(float)Math.cos(30*2*Math.PI/360);
float arcStartPointY=triangleRightVertexY+triangleLength*(float)Math.sin(30*2*Math.PI/360);
/*画等边三角形的一条边,rr-bb*/
path.lineTo(arcStartPointX,arcStartPointY);
/*arcTo 用于绘制弧线(实际是截取圆或椭圆的一部分)。
mPath.arcTo(ovalRectF, startAngle, sweepAngle) , ovalRectF为椭圆的矩形,
startAngle 为开始角度,sweepAngle 为结束角度。*/
/*利用三角函数计算圆最右边点的坐标,利用该坐标值和半径构建圆的外接正方形然后画圆*/
float circleRightPointX=arcStartPointX+(radius-radius*(float)Math.cos(15*2*Math.PI/360));
float circleRightPointY=triangleRightVertexY;
/*圆弧路径,起始角度0度在3点钟方向,因此弧形起始角度15度,扫过角度360-30度*/
path.arcTo(new RectF( circleRightPointX-2*radius,
circleRightPointY-radius,
circleRightPointX,
circleRightPointY+radius),
15, 360 - 30);
/*闭合路径*/
path.close();
paintDraw.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
paintDraw.setColor(mColorLeft);
/*将闭合路径绘制在画布上*/
canvas.drawPath(path, paintDraw);
/*绘制外边白色边框*/
paintDraw.setColor(Color.WHITE);
paintDraw.setAlpha(90);
paintDraw.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
paintDraw.setStrokeWidth(3);
canvas.drawPath(path, paintDraw);
/*准备绘制文字*/
paintText.setColor(Color.WHITE);
paintText.setTextSize(radius * 3 / 5);
/*根据数据位数来确定偏移量*/
float number_offset;
/*只有一位数字*/
if (mRankLeft <10) {
number_offset=radius/2;
/*两位数字*/
} else {
number_offset=radius*3 / 4;
}
/*圆心x坐标*/
float circleX=arcStartPointX-radius;
/*绘制#号*/
canvas.drawText("#", circleX - number_offset, lineYs[mRankLeft - 1] + radius / 4, paintText);
float offset = paintText.measureText("#");
/*绘制数字*/
paintText.setTextSize(radius);
canvas.drawText("" + mRankLeft, circleX - number_offset + offset, lineYs[mRankLeft - 1] + radius / 3, paintText);
/*绘制右边部分*/
path.reset();
/*三角形左边顶点坐标*/
float triangleLeftVertexX=totalWidth / 2 + lineLength / 2;
float triangleLeftVertexY=lineYs[mRankRight - 1];
/*等边三角形左边顶点作为路径起始点*/
path.moveTo(triangleLeftVertexX, triangleLeftVertexY);
/*等边三角形上边顶点和圆的焦点作为圆弧路径的起点*/
arcStartPointX=triangleLeftVertexX+triangleLength*(float)Math.cos(30*2*Math.PI/360);
arcStartPointY=triangleLeftVertexY-triangleLength*(float)Math.sin(30*2*Math.PI/360);
path.lineTo(arcStartPointX, arcStartPointY);
/*利用三角函数计算圆最左边点的坐标,利用该坐标值和半径构建圆的外接正方形然后做圆弧路径*/
float circleLeftPointX=arcStartPointX-(radius-radius*(float)Math.cos(15*2*Math.PI/360));
float circleLeftPointY=triangleLeftVertexY;
/*圆弧路径*/
path.arcTo(new RectF( circleLeftPointX,
circleLeftPointY - radius,
circleLeftPointX+2*radius,
circleLeftPointY+radius),
180+15, 360 - 30);
/*闭合路径*/
path.close();
/*绘制路径*/
paintDraw.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL);
paintDraw.setColor(mColorRight);
canvas.drawPath(path, paintDraw);
/*绘制路径外围白色边框*/
paintDraw.setColor(Color.WHITE);
paintDraw.setAlpha(90);
paintDraw.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
paintDraw.setStrokeWidth(3);
canvas.drawPath(path, paintDraw);
/*开始绘制文字*/
paintText.setColor(Color.WHITE);
paintText.setTextSize(radius * 3 / 5);
if (mRankRight <10) {
number_offset=radius/2;
} else {
number_offset=radius*3 / 4;
}
circleX=circleLeftPointX+radius;
canvas.drawText("#", circleX - number_offset, lineYs[mRankRight - 1] + radius / 4, paintText);
offset = paintText.measureText("#");
paintText.setTextSize(radius);
canvas.drawText("" + mRankRight, circleX - number_offset + offset, lineYs[mRankRight - 1] + radius / 4, paintText);
}
public void setRanks(int rank1,int rank2) {
if (rank1<1||rank1>30||rank2<1||rank2>30)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("排名参数只能设置成1到30的整数");
this.mRankLeft =rank1;
this.mRankRight =rank2;
invalidate();
}
}