Linux使用Composer安装yii2的方法及bug处理

这里只讲linux下安装Yii2的方法，windows安装yii2 的方法 请参见我的另一篇博文 http://blog.csdn.net/zqtsx/article/details/39344913

第一步 安装Composer：

语法：“curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php中bin目录里的php可执行文件路径”
我这里的php可执行文件所在路径是/usr/local/php/bin/php
所以实际安装命令如下：
curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | /usr/local/php/bin/php
为方便日后使用将其移动到本地系统可执行文件目录 并重新命名为 composer(这样以后执行命令时就不用写composer.phar那么长的名字，直接写composer就可以了)
mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

第二步 安装Composer Asset Plugin：

在命令行执行如下命令注意语法中实际php文件地址和实际composer地址修改成你自己的安装地址：

(语法：php/bin/php文件所在路径 + composer文件安装路径 + global require "fxp/composer-asset-plugin:1.0.0-beta3" 注意空格和标点不要是中文的 )
/usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/bin/composer global require "fxp/composer-asset-plugin:1.0.0-beta3"
出现类似如下提示信息说明一切安装正常(摘取天上星linux下安装yii2)：
“Changed current directory to /root/.composer
./composer.json has been created
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
  - Installing fxp/composer-asset-plugin (v1.0.0-beta3)
    Downloading: 100%         

Writing lock file
Generating autoload files”

第三步 安装YII2

命令行下切换到一个php可以访问的站点目录

然后执行命令(注意php可执行文件路径和 composer路径修改成你自己的安装路径)：
如下命令将Yii2.0.0版本安装在名为 yii2 的目录中，具体目录名可以根据自己的需要修改：
/usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/bin/composer create-project yiisoft/yii2-app-basic yii2 2.0.0
需要耐心等待，安装过程中可能会出现如下信息要求你输入用户名 和密码(自己到YII官网"https://github.com/"注册一个账户，把账户密码填进去就OK了)：
如果遇到如下认证提示信息请点击下面https://github.com/settings/tokens/new?scopes=repo&description=Composer+on+localhost.localdomain+2015-05-14+1600语句登录git网站，然后生成一个类似 的认证秘钥复制粘贴到Token(hidden)处回车即可：
Could not fetch https://api.github.com/repos/RobinHerbots/jquery.inputmask/contents/bower.json?ref=f44d5deec804c72fe85da31819b18bdcdad26f65, please create a GitHub OAuth token to go over the API rate limit
Head to https://github.com/settings/tokens/new?scopes=repo&description=Composer+on+localhost.localdomain+2015-05-14+1600
to retrieve a token. It will be stored in "/root/.composer/auth.json" for future use by Composer.
Token (hidden):输入在官网生成的秘钥回车即可

Installing yiisoft/yii2-app-basic (2.0.0)
  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-app-basic (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

Created project in yii2
Loading composer repositories with package information
Installing dependencies (including require-dev)
Reading bower.json of bower-asset/jquery.inputmask (3.1.29)
Could not fetch https://api.github.com/repos/RobinHerbots/jquery.inputmask/contents/bower.json?ref=faf19625822fbd54765d26baac3154cd132769d1, enter your GitHub credentials to go over the API rate limit
The credentials will be swapped for an OAuth token stored in /root/.composer/auth.json, your password will not be stored
To revoke access to this token you can visit https://github.com/settings/applications
Username:myyiiname (这里填写你在官网注册的账户名)
Password:myyiipwd (密码，你懂得)
输入账户密码后会出现如下认证成功的提示(如果没有就证明你的账户密码错了，或者你刚在YII官网注册的新账户没有通过邮件激活)：
Token successfully created

认证通过的提示信息下面紧跟着一句如下的进度提示信息，说明正在安装过程中，需要你耐心等待，后面的小数点会随着安装进度有微妙的变化，
Reading bower.json of bower-asset/typeahead.js (v0.10.0)

然后紧接着缓缓有序的出现一些列如下的进度条，还需要耐心等待(摘取天上星linux下安装yii2)：

- Installing yiisoft/yii2-composer (2.0.0)               
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing swiftmailer/swiftmailer (v5.3.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing bower-asset/jquery (2.1.1)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing bower-asset/yii2-pjax (v2.0.1)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing bower-asset/punycode (v1.3.2)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing bower-asset/jquery.inputmask (3.1.41)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing cebe/markdown (1.0.1)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing ezyang/htmlpurifier (v4.6.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2 (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-swiftmailer (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-codeception (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing bower-asset/bootstrap (v3.2.0)
    Downloading: 65%

直到出现类似如下完整信息，说明YII2下载安装结束
Installing yiisoft/yii2-app-basic (2.0.0)
  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-app-basic (2.0.0)
    Loading from cache

Created project in yii2
Loading composer repositories with package information
Installing dependencies (including require-dev)
  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-composer (2.0.0)               
    Loading from cache

  - Installing swiftmailer/swiftmailer (v5.3.0)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing bower-asset/jquery (2.1.1)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing bower-asset/yii2-pjax (v2.0.1)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing bower-asset/punycode (v1.3.2)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing bower-asset/jquery.inputmask (3.1.41)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing cebe/markdown (1.0.1)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing ezyang/htmlpurifier (v4.6.0)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2 (2.0.0)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-swiftmailer (2.0.0)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-codeception (2.0.0)
    Loading from cache

  - Installing bower-asset/bootstrap (v3.2.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-bootstrap (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-debug (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing bower-asset/typeahead.js (v0.10.5)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing phpspec/php-diff (v1.0.2)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-gii (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing fzaninotto/faker (v1.4.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

  - Installing yiisoft/yii2-faker (2.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%         

Writing lock file
Generating autoload files
chmod('runtime', 0777)...done.
chmod('web/assets', 0777)...done.
chmod('yii', 0755)...done.

到这里整个YII2就安装结束了

第四步 测试yii2是否安装成功

首先修改nginx 或apache 配置信息，将yii2目录添加为虚拟站点目录

我这里是nginx配置的，直接在nginx 里添加一个yii2的站点 目录就成了
在nginx里添加类似如下站点设置即可，我们这里的yii2安装目录是 /var/www/yii2 所以 设置站点目录为/var/www/yii2
因为之前127.0.0.1 和127.0.0.2 已经有两个项目在了，所以这里就设置yii2站点本地 ip为 127.0.0.3
我的具体配置如下：

server {
        listen       80;
        listen       127.0.0.3;
        server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

        location / {
            root   /var/www/yii2/;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
           }

      location ~ \.php$ {
          #root   html;
            root           /var/www/yii2/;
            #an quan guo lv
          try_files $uri =404;
          fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
          #include        fastcgi_params;
            include       fastcgi.conf;
       }

      location ~* \.(?:gif|ico|jpe?g|png|swf|bmp|mp3)$ {
               
          valid_referers none blocked 127.0.0.3 localhost baidu.com *.baidu.com google.com.hk *.google.com.hk *.google.com;
            if ( $invalid_referer ) {
                return 404;
                }
            #
            #expires 30d;
            log_not_found off;
            ## No need to bleed constant updates. Send the all shebang in one
                #
            #    fell swoop.
                #
            tcp_nodelay off;
                #
            #    Set the OS file cache.
                #
            open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=120s;
            open_file_cache_valid 125s;
            open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
            open_file_cache_errors off;
          root /var/www/yii2/;
                #
           }
           
        location ~* \.(js|css|mid)$ {
            expires   1d;
            root /var/www/yii2/;
           }


    }
    
    然后在浏览器中输入http://127.0.0.3/web/ 即可看到 yii2站点的主页信息
    至此，说明yii2.0.0版本安装、测试一切OK，可以开始您的开发之旅了……

第五步 yii2出现Calling unknown method: yii\web\UrlManager::addRules()错误的解决方案：

安装后访问yii时如果遇到类似Calling unknown method: yii\web\UrlManager::addRules() 的错误,请参见摘取天上星的另一篇博文：

http://blog.csdn.net/zqtsx/article/details/39345015