python多线程接口案例

项目为某内控公司要求并发测试，编写多线程访问接口，并生成Excel报告的脚本，记录基本步骤。

若有需要写UI自动化，接口自动化，多线程，服务器测试定时脚本等等，可联系本工具熊。

分五步操作实现50个或更多用户并发操作，代码可直接运行
①打开网页，获取到后端给的cookie；
②登录用户，保持链接；
③业务操作，访问业务接口；
④将上述三步添加到多线程任务中，集中执行，记录数据；
⑤将多线程执行记录生成表格；

import xlwt
import json
import random
import threading
import time
import requests
# ip与passwd为企业保密内容范畴，有需要私聊。
ip = '****'
passwd = '****'
time_now = str(time.time()).replace('.','')[0:13]
now_time= str(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
list = []


def need_Verify_Code():  # 获取cookie
    url = "http://" + ip + "/nky/service/session/needVerifyCode"
    headers = {
        "Accept": "*/*",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Host": ip,
        "Referer": "http://" + ip + "/nky/mobile/",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                      "Chrome/80.0.3987.122 Safari/537.36",
    }
    response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers)
    header = eval(str(response.headers))  # 将请求后的字符类型先简单转成str，再换成dict
    set_cookie = header['Set-Cookie']
    cookie = set_cookie[0:43]
    return cookie


def wx_bind(cookie,user):   # H5应用登录
    url = "http://"+ip+"/nky/service/session/wxbind"
    payload = {
        "userName": user,
        "password": passwd,
    }
    header = {
        "Accept": "application/json",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Content-Length": "47",
        "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8",
        "Cookie": cookie,
        "Host": ip,
        "Origin": "http://" + ip,
        "Referer": "http://" + ip + "/nky/mobile/",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                      "Chrome/80.0.3987.122 Safari/537.36",
    }
    response = requests.request("POST", url, data=json.dumps(payload), headers=header)
    # print('登录成功')


def add_apply(cookies, user, userid, i):    # 业务请求，新增单据，参数i用于记录线程号码
    url = "http://" + ip + "/nky/service/BudgetApplication"
    payload = {
        "applyDate": time_now,
        "departmentId": 10008,
        "createdUserId": userid,
        "isPurchase": "false",
        "isContract": "false",
        "isReimburse": "true",
        "billFlowDefineId": 1,
        "description": "1",
        "remark": "test",
        "attachments": [],
        "amount": 1,
        "fiscalYearId": 10003,
        "schoolYearId": "null",
        "budgetApplicationItems": [{"budgetItemId": 10062, "amount": 1}],
        }

    headers = {
        "Accept": "application/json",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Content-Length": "579",
        "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8",
        "Cookie": cookies,
        "Host": ip,
        "Origin": "http://"+ip,
        "Referer": "http://"+ip+"/nky/mobile/",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) "
                      "Chrome/80.0.3987.122 Safari/537.36",
    }
    begin_time = str(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
    response = requests.request("POST", url, data=json.dumps(payload), headers=headers)
    end_time = str(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
    print(response)
    bill_id = response.text
    has_time = response.elapsed.microseconds  # 获取响应时间
    has_time = str(has_time / 1000000)	# 微秒换成秒，方便理解
    response = str(response)
    assert "200" in response, response
    # 业务请求需要的数据保存在message中，添加到list中用于编写表格
    message =("线程"+str(i), bill_id, has_time, user,begin_time, end_time)	
    list.append(message)


def all(counter):	# 将前三个任务放在一起，对用户进行参数化，方便多线程使用。参数counter为线程号码
    # 数据库只有这几个数据，若成千上万用户可考虑读取Excel表中数据，此处用字典方便理解
    user_and_id = {
        "mahuateng": 10000,
        "mayun": 10001,
        "liyanhong": 10002,
        "dinglei": 10003,
        "zhangxiaolong": 10004,
        "zhangxiaohu": 10005,
        "zhangxiaojun":  10006,
        "wangxing": 10007,
        "wangwenjing": 10008,
        "zhaoxiaoyun": 10009,
        "zhaoxiaofeng": 10010,
        "zhaoxiaoyu": 10011,
        "zhaoxiaolei": 10012,
        "zhaoxiaodian": 10013,
        "dongmingzhu":  10014,
        "leijun": 10015,
        "leiming": 10016,
        "chendongxue": 10017,
    }
    user = random.sample(user_and_id.keys(), 1)[0]  # 随机获取一个用户，获取dict的键名称
    user_id = user_and_id[user]	# 根据用户查出id 给下个方法使用
    co = need_Verify_Code()
    wx_bind(co, user)
    add_apply(co, user, user_id , counter)


def write_book():	# 编写Excel
    wb = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
    ws = wb.add_sheet('多线程表格')
    ws.write(0,0,label='线程数')
    ws.write(0,1,label='单据号')
    ws.write(0,2,label='响应时间')
    ws.write(0,3,label='用户')
    ws.write(0,4,label='起始时间')
    ws.write(0,5,label='结束时间')
    a = 1
    for index in list:
        print(index)
        ws.write(a, 0, index[0])
        ws.write(a, 1, int(index[1]))	# 字符类型让表格看起来不会有警告
        ws.write(a, 2, float(index[2]))
        ws.write(a, 3, index[3])
        ws.write(a, 4, index[4])
        ws.write(a, 5, index[5])
        a += 1
    ws.col(3).width = 3000
    ws.col(4).width = 5000
    ws.col(5).width = 5000
    # 因为Excel有表头，格式，不好处理批量精准插入数据，因此执行需要修改Excel名称，若重复则会失败
    wb.save('automation10.xlsx')	


class myThread (threading.Thread):	# 菜鸟上copy的多线程类
    def __init__(self, threadID, name, counter):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.name = name
        self.counter = counter
        
    def run(self):
        print ("开启线程： " + self.name)
        # 获取锁，用于线程同步
        threadLock.acquire()
        # 释放锁，开启下一个线程
        threadLock.release()
        all(self.counter)


threadLock = threading.Lock()
threads = []
for i in range(1, 51):	# 根据循环数量添加多线程数
    t1 = myThread(i, "thread"+str(i), str(i))
    t1.start()
    threads.append(t1)
# 等待所有线程完成
for t in threads:
    t.join()
print("退出主线程")
write_book()

查看Excel表格中运行记录。PS：若有需要写UI自动化，接口自动化，多线程，服务器测试定时脚本等等，可联系本工具人。