lyk最近在研究二分答案类的问题。
对于一个有n个互不相同的数且从小到大的正整数数列a(其中最大值不超过n),若要找一个在a中出现过的数字m,一个正确的二分程序是这样子的:
l=1; r=n; mid=(l+r)/2;
while (l<=r)
{
if (a[mid]<=m) l=mid+1; else r=mid-1;
mid=(l+r)/2;
}
最终a[r]一定等于m。
但是这个和谐的程序被熊孩子打乱了。
熊孩子在一开始就将a数组打乱顺序。(共有n!种可能)
lyk想知道最终r=k的期望。
由于小数点非常麻烦,所以你只需输出将答案乘以n!后对1000000007取模就可以了。
在样例中,共有2个数,被熊孩子打乱后的数列共有两种可能(1,2)或者(2,1),其中(1,2)经过上述操作后r=1,(2,1)经过上述操作后r=0。r=k的期望为0.5,0.5*2!=1,所以输出1。
Input
3个整数n,m,k(1<=m<=n<=10^9,0<=k<=n)。
Output
一行表示答案
Input示例
2 1 1
Output示例
1
#include
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll limit = 1e7;
const ll mod = 1e9+7;
ll FAC[] = {1, 682498929, 491101308, 76479948, 723816384, 67347853, 27368307, 625544428, 199888908, 888050723, 927880474, 281863274, 661224977, 623534362, 970055531, 261384175, 195888993, 66404266, 547665832, 109838563, 933245637, 724691727, 368925948, 268838846, 136026497, 112390913, 135498044, 217544623, 419363534, 500780548, 668123525, 128487469, 30977140, 522049725, 309058615, 386027524, 189239124, 148528617, 940567523, 917084264, 429277690, 996164327, 358655417, 568392357, 780072518, 462639908, 275105629, 909210595, 99199382, 703397904, 733333339, 97830135, 608823837, 256141983, 141827977, 696628828, 637939935, 811575797, 848924691, 131772368, 724464507, 272814771, 326159309, 456152084, 903466878, 92255682, 769795511, 373745190, 606241871, 825871994, 957939114, 435887178, 852304035, 663307737, 375297772, 217598709, 624148346, 671734977, 624500515, 748510389, 203191898, 423951674, 629786193, 672850561, 814362881, 823845496, 116667533, 256473217, 627655552, 245795606, 586445753, 172114298, 193781724, 778983779, 83868974, 315103615, 965785236, 492741665, 377329025, 847549272, 698611116};
ll fun(ll n)
{
ll result = FAC[n/limit];
for (ll i = n/limit*limit+1; i <= n; ++i)
{
result = result*i%mod;
}
return result;
}
int main()
{
ll n, m, k;
cin >> n >> m >> k;
ll l = 1;
ll r = n;
ll mid = (l+r)/2;
ll lcnt = 0,rcnt = 0;
while (l <= r)
{
if (mid <= k)
{
l = mid+1;
lcnt++;
}
else
{
r = mid-1;
rcnt++;
}
mid = (l+r)/2;
}
ll res = 1;
for (ll i = 0; i < rcnt; ++i)
{
res = res*(n-m-i)%mod;
}
for (ll i = 0; i < lcnt; ++i)
{
res = res*(m-i)%mod;
}
cout << res*fun(n-lcnt-rcnt)%mod <